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Cohort Profile
Occupational and Environmental Health Screening Cohort of Yangsan Korea (OEC-YK): 2012–2023
Dongmug Kang, Eun-Soo Lee, Se-Yeong Kim, Youngki Kim, Youn Hyang Lee, Yoon-Ji Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2025;37:e32.   Published online September 5, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2025.37.e32
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDF
The Occupational and Environmental Health Screening Cohort of Yangsan Korea (OEC-YK) was established to monitor long-term health outcomes in workers and environmental high-risk citizens through systematic periodic health examinations. The cohort integrates 623,402 examination instances from 105,768 participants at Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital (2012–2023), encompassing general health checkups, occupational exposure surveillance, cancer screenings, and others including asbestos-related surveillance. Examination types included general health examination (32.4%), cancer screening (20.6%), special health examination (16.2%), night-shift work examination (16.0%), chronic disease screening (4.8%), pre-placement examinations (2.1%), and asbestos-related surveillance (3.6%). At baseline, 59.0% were male and 75.5% were aged between 20 and 59 years. Follow-up rates reached 35.0% at 1 year, 31.9% at 2 years, and 3.2% at 11 years. Notably, the inclusion of systematic asbestos examinations, combined with a national asbestos job exposure matrix, allows detailed study of long-latency occupational diseases. This large-scale longitudinal dataset supports exposure-disease linkage analysis, job-exposure integration, and time-series modeling of worker health trajectories in Korea.
양산 지역 직업 환경 건강검진 코호트(OEC-YK) : 2012-2023년
양산 지역 직업환경건강검진 코호트(Occupational and Environmental Health Screening Cohort of Yangsan Korea, OEC-YK)는 체계적이고 주기적인 건강검진을 통해 근로자와 환경적 고위험군 시민의 장기적인 건강 영향을 모니터링하기 위해 구축되었다. 본 코호트는 2012년부터 2023년까지 양산부산대학교병원에서 수행한 105,768명의 수검자로부터 수집한 623,402건의 검진 자료를 통합하였으며, 여기에는 일반건강검진, 직업적 노출 감시, 암 검진과 석면 관련 감시를 포함한 기타 사항이 포함되었다. 검진 유형으로는 일반건강검진(32.4%), 암검진(20.6%), 특수건강검단(16.2%), 야간 교대근무 작업자 건강진단(16.0%), 만성질환 검진(4.8%), 배치 전 건강진단(2.1%), 석면 관련 건강검진(3.6%) 등이 포함되었다. 기초 조사 시점에서 남성이 59.0%였고, 20세에서 59세 사이의 연령대가 75.5%를 차지하였다. 추적 관찰률은 1년 시점 35.0%, 2년 시점 31.9%, 11년 시점 3.2%에 도달하였다. 특히, 국가 단위 석면 직업 노출 매트릭스(Job Exposure Matrix)와 연계된 체계적인 석면 건강검진의 도입은 잠복기가 긴 직업성 질환에 관한 정밀한 연구를 가능하게 한다. 이러한 대규모 종단자료는 한국에서의 직업성 노출과 질병 간의 연관성 분석, 직업-노출 정보 통합, 근로자의 건강 경과에 대한 시계열 분석 등을 수행할 수 있는 유용한 자원을 제공한다.
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Original Article
Development of standard job classification codes for building a job-exposure matrix for police officers
Sangjun Choi, Ju-Hyun Park, Inah Kim, Jungwon Jang, Jeehee Min, Sang Baek Koh, Seongwon Kim, Yeji Sung, Kyoung Yoon Ko, Su Min Oh, Un-Yeol Jeon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2025;37:e10.   Published online April 28, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2025.37.e10
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDFSupplementary Material
Background
This study aimed to develop standard job categories for constructing a job-exposure matrix (JEM) for police officers in South Korea and to evaluate their applicability.
Methods
We examined standard job codes related to police personnel management and compared them with job classifications from police publications. Using R Shiny, we developed a web-based search tool for standard codes. A pilot survey of 130 police officers assessed the codes' applicability and relevance to health-related hazardous factors.
Results
Eighty-seven standard functional codes used in the police personnel management system POOL were organized into minor categories as the basic units of standard jobs. These were grouped into 20 sub-major categories and further consolidated into 10 major categories to develop the standard job codes. The responses to the standard job codes in the pilot survey were 75% accurate compared with the final expert evaluation results and 99.2% accurate compared with the algorithm-based automatic allocation results. The results of the job-hazardous factor network analysis revealed that the most frequently reported hazardous factor was emotional labor, followed by night shifts and electromagnetic waves. Emotional labor was identified as the top hazardous factor in six out of the nine standard job categories.
Conclusions
The standard job codes developed in this study were designed in connection with the personnel management system for police officers, making them well-suited for constructing a comprehensive JEM for the entire police force.
경찰관 직무-노출 매트릭스 구축을 위한 표준직무 코드 개발
목적
본 연구는 한국 경찰관에 대한 직무-노출 매트릭스(JEM) 구축을 위해 표준직무 코드를 개발하고 적용 가능성을 평가하고자 실시되었다.
방법
경찰관 인사관리 시스템을 검토하고, 경찰청 공식 발간물 및 조직도상의 직무관련 분류 체계를 검토하였다. R Shiny를 활용하여 웹 기반 표준코드 검색기를 개발하였고, 130명의 경찰관을 대상으로 시범 설문을 통해 경찰관들이 표준직무 코드를 잘 선택하는지 평가하였다. 또한 소속 부서 및 기능 등의 기술내용을 활용하여 표준직무 코드를 자동할당 하는 알고리즘을 만들어 자동할당 가능성을 평가하였다.
결과
경찰관 인사관리 시스템에서 활용 가능한 직무 관련 정보를 검토한 결과 87개의 기능코드를 기반으로 20개의 중분류, 10개의 대분류 표준직무 코드를 개발하였고, 웹 기반 검색기 링크(https://kscf.shinyapps.io/pff_app/)를 통해 자세한 국문 코드명과 설명을 확인하고, 코드 검색이 가능하도록 하였다. 시범 설문 결과 응답자들의 표준직무 코드 선택 정확도는 75.4% 였고, 자동할당 결과의 정확도는 99.2%였다. 직무-유해요인 설문조사 결과 가장 많이 응답한 유해요인은 감정노동이었고, 다음으로 야간근무, 전자기파 순이었다.
결론
본 연구에서 개발한 표준직무 코드는 경찰관의 인사시스템과 연동되어 경찰관 전체에 대한 JEM 구축에 잘 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 향후 표준직무 코드를 적용한 경찰관 건강영향 관련 전수 설문조사를 통해 JEM 구축을 실시할 예정이다.
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Original Article
Occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT: using the 5th and 6th Korean Working Condition Surveys
Tae-Yeon Kim, Seong-Uk Baek, Myeong-Hun Lim, Byungyoon Yun, Domyung Paek, Kyung Ehi Zoh, Kanwoo Youn, Yun Keun Lee, Yangho Kim, Jungwon Kim, Eunsuk Choi, Mo-Yeol Kang, YoonHo Cho, Kyung-Eun Lee, Juho Sim, Juyeon Oh, Heejoo Park, Jian Lee, Jong-Uk Won, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2024;36:e19.   Published online August 6, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e19
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDFSupplementary Material
Background

Accurate occupation classification is essential in various fields, including policy development and epidemiological studies. This study aims to develop an occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT.

Methods

This study used data from the 5th and 6th Korean Working Conditions Surveys conducted in 2017 and 2020, respectively. A total of 99,665 survey participants, who were nationally representative of Korean workers, were included. We used natural language responses regarding their job responsibilities and occupational codes based on the Korean Standard Classification of Occupations (7th version, 3-digit codes). The dataset was randomly split into training and test datasets in a ratio of 7:3. The occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT was fine-tuned using the training dataset, and the model was evaluated using the test dataset. The accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were calculated as evaluation metrics.

Results

The final model, which classified 28,996 survey participants in the test dataset into 142 occupational codes, exhibited an accuracy of 84.44%. For the evaluation metrics, the precision, recall, and F1 score of the model, calculated by weighting based on the sample size, were 0.83, 0.84, and 0.83, respectively. The model demonstrated high precision in the classification of service and sales workers yet exhibited low precision in the classification of managers. In addition, it displayed high precision in classifying occupations prominently represented in the training dataset.

Conclusions

This study developed an occupation classification system based on DistilKoBERT, which demonstrated reasonable performance. Despite further efforts to enhance the classification accuracy, this automated occupation classification model holds promise for advancing epidemiological studies in the fields of occupational safety and health.

DistilKOBERT를 기반으로 한 직업 분류 모델 개발: 제5차, 6차 한국근로실태조사를 이용하여
목적
정확한 직업분류는 정책 개발 및 역학 연구를 포함한 다양한 분야에서 중요하다. 본 연구는 자연어처리모델인 DistilKoBERT를 기반으로 한 직업 분류 모델을 개발하는 것을 목표로 한다.
방법
본 연구는 2017년과 2020년에 실시된 제5차와 제6차 근로환경조사 (KWCS)의 데이터를 활용하였다. 대한민국 근로자를 국가적으로 대표하는 총 99,665명의 참가자가 포함되었고, 직무 내용과 관련된 자연어 응답과 그에 맞는 대한민국 표준직업 분류코드(7차 개정, 3자리 코드)를 연구에 사용하였다. 데이터셋은 7:3의 비율로 훈련 및 테스트 데이터셋으로 무작위로 분할되었고, 사전 학습된 DistilKoBERT을 훈련 데이터셋을 통해 파인튜닝하여 모델을 학습시키고, 테스트 데이터셋을 사용하여 그 기능을 평가하였다. 정확도, 정밀도, 재현율 및 F1 점수가 평가 지표로 계산되었다.
결과
테스트 데이터셋의 28,996명의 참가자를 142개의 직업 코드로 분류한 최종 모델은 84.44%의 정확도를 보였다. 샘플 크기를 기준으로 가중치를 적용하여 계산한 모델의 정밀도, 재현율 및 F1 점수는 각각 0.83, 0.84 및 0.83 이었다. 최종 모델은 서비스, 판매 종사자 그룹에서 높은 정밀도를 보여주었지만 관리자 그룹에서는 낮은 정밀도를 보였다. 또한 훈련 데이터셋에서 표본의 수가 많았던 직업에서 대체로 높은 정밀도를 보였다.
결론
본 연구는 DistilKoBERT를 기반으로 합리적인 성능을 보이는 직업 분류 모델을 개발하였다. 분류의 정확성을 향상시키기 위한 추가적인 노력이 필요하지만, 자동화된 직업 분류 모델은 직업 안전 및 보건 분야의 유행병 연구를 발전시키는 데 기여할 것이라 기대된다.
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Original Article
Telecommuting during the COVID-19: the role of job demand and control on health outcomes
Seung-Woo Ryoo, Jin-Young Min, Seok-Yoon Son, Baek-Yong Choi, Juho Choi, Kyoung-Bok Min
Ann Occup Environ Med 2024;36:e14.   Published online June 14, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e14
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDFSupplementary Material
Background

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic drastically modified the occupational system wherein telecommuting has risen as the major form of work. Few studies have incorporated Karasek’s job demand-control (JDC) model into explaining the health effects of telecommuting. This study aimed to investigate the health risk in South Korean telecommuters during the pandemic, and its distribution according to the job stress-related factors.

Methods

A nationwide population-based cross-sectional study of South Korean laborers was conducted, utilizing the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey (2020–2021). Following the previously described concept of telecommuting, 14,478 white-collar employees were eligible study participants. Telecommuting, job demand, job control, and various health indicators were measured by the responses to the survey. Participants were stratified into 4 job profiles classified by the JDC model. We conducted multiple logistic regression analyses between telecommuting and health-related outcomes to estimate the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

One hundred forty-six low-strain, 223 active, 69 passive, and 148 high-strain workers were screened as telecommuters. Compared to office workers, telecommuters had a higher proportion in high job control groups. Subgroup analysis demonstrated different relationships between telecommuting and health, where only active telecommuters showed a higher prevalence of depression (OR: 1.980, 95% CI: 1.126–3.481), and high-strain telecommuters were affected in most outcomes including insomnia (OR: 2.555, 95% CI: 1.473–4.433), musculoskeletal pain (OR: 2.786, 95% CI: 1.719–4.517), headache/eye strain (OR: 3.074, 95% CI: 1.992–4.745) and presenteeism (OR: 1.932, 95% CI: 1.193–3.131).

Conclusions

This study revealed significantly increased odds of multiple health outcomes among South Korean telecommuters during the COVID-19 pandemic era. High-strain job holders were prominently susceptible to the negative health impacts of telecommuting. Occupational health management towards telecommuters should approach mitigating high job demand and low job control.

코로나19 시기 재택근무: 건강 결과에 대한 직무 요구와 직무 재량의 역할
목적
코로나19 팬데믹으로 인해 재택근무는 직무 체계에서 주요한 업무 형태로 떠올랐다. 재택근무가 노동자의 건강에 미치는 영향을 설명하는데 있어 직무 요구-재량 모델을 도입한 연구가 부족하다. 본 연구는 팬데믹 기간 동안 한국 재택근무자들의 건강 위험과 상기 직무 스트레스 관련 요인에 따른 분포를 조사하는 것을 목표로 했다.
방법
본 연구는 제6차 근로환경조사(2020~2021년)를 활용하여 한국 노동자에 대한 전국 인구 기반 횡단면 연구를 실시했다. 이전 연구에서 확립한 재택근무 개념에 따라 14,478명의 화이트 칼라 피고용인 노동자들을 적격집단으로 선정했다. 설문조사 응답 결과를 토대로 재택근무, 직무 요구, 직무 재량 및 다양한 건강 지표를 측정했다. 연구대상자들을 직무 요구-재량 모델에 따라 분류된 네 가지 직무 유형으로 구분하였고, 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하여 재택근무 여부에 따른 건강 변수의 오즈비(OR)와 95% 신뢰구간(CI)을 측정하였다.
결과
저-긴장 노동자 146명, 능동적 노동자 223명, 수동적 노동자 69명, 고-긴장 노동자148명이 재택근무자로 분류되었다. 통근근무자와 비교했을 때, 재택근무자들은 직무 재량이 높은 군에서 그 비중이 높았다. 층화분석 결과 재택근무와 건강 사이의 연관성은 군별로 상이하였는데, 오직 능동적 재택근무자들만이 통근근무자들보다 높은 우울증 유병률을 보였고 (OR 1.980, 95% CI 1.126-3.481) 고-긴장 재택근무자들이 가장 많은 결과 변수에서 유의한 오즈비를 보였다; 불면증 (OR 2.555, 95% CI 1.473-4.433), 근골격계 통증 (OR 2.786, 95% CI 1.719-4.517), 두통/안구 피로 (OR 3.074, 95% CI 1.992-4.745), 상병 시 근무 (OR 1.932, 95% CI 1.193-3.131).
결론
본 연구에 따르면 코로나19 팬데믹 기간 동안 한국 재택근무자들에서 다수의 건강 문제가 발생할 오즈가 유의하게 증가하였다. 그중 고-긴장 업무에 종사하는 노동자들은 재택근무가 건강에 미치는 부정적인 영향에 가장 취약하였다. 따라서 재택근무자들에 대한 산업보건 관리는 높은 직무 요구와 낮은 직무 재량을 완화하는 방향으로 접근해야 할 것이다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of Teleworking on Work‐Related and Home‐Related Stress at During the First Global Lockdown–The International COVISTRESS Study
    Sébastien Couarraze, Guillaume Decormeille, Louis Delamarre, Fouad Marhar, Karen Gbaglo, Raimundo Avilès Dorlhiac, Mickael Berthon, Andy Su‐I Liu, Samuel Antunes, Bruno Pereira, Julien S Baker, Morteza Charkhabi, Ukadike C Ugbolue, Reza Bagheri, José J. G
    Brain and Behavior.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Occupational stress(KOSS®19): scale development and validation in the Korean context
    Hansoo Song, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Inah Kim, Jin-Ha Yoon, Sang-Baek Koh, Sung-Soo Oh, Hee-Tae Kang, Da-Yee Jeung, Dae-Sung Hyun, Chunhui Suh, Sei-Jin Chang
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2025; 37: e12.     CrossRef
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Original Article
Effect of job satisfaction on depression after adjusting for satisfaction with other life domains
SeongCheol Yang, Ji Hoon Kim, Minju Jung, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Jong-Han Leem, Shin-Goo Park
Ann Occup Environ Med 2024;36:e8.   Published online March 28, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e8
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDF
Background

Studies on the association between job satisfaction and depression have often been reported. However, no study has examined how job satisfaction impacts depression while considering satisfaction with other aspects of life. In this study, we evaluated the effect of job satisfaction on depression after adjusting for satisfaction with other domains of life.

Methods

We used data from the 16th wave of the Korean Welfare Panel Study. A total of 3568 current employees without depression who completed a survey were included. Depression was measured using the abbreviated version of the CES-D scale. Various types of satisfaction, including job satisfaction, were measured using single-item questions and a 5-point Likert scale. The association between job satisfaction and depression after considering satisfaction with other life domains was analyzed using a multiple logistic regression model.

Results

Crude models showed a significant association between job satisfaction and depression in males (odds ratio [OR]: 7.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.11–15.23) and females (OR: 7.12; 95% CI: 4.40–11.50). When adjusted for sociodemographic factors, health-related factors, and work-related factors, the association remained significant in males (OR: 6.20; 95% CI: 3.10–12.41) and females (OR: 6.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.79–10.40). However, when satisfaction with other life domains was included, the association remained significant only in females (OR: 3.55; 95% CI: 1.93–6.50).

Conclusions

This study shows an association between job satisfaction and depression in Korean employees. However, when satisfaction with other life domains was considered, this association remained significant only in women. Regular screening of job satisfaction should be considered as a means of preventing and managing depression among female employees.

삶의 다른 영역의 만족도들을 보정한 후 일 만족도가 우울에 미치는 영향
목적
과거의 많은 연구들에서 일 만족도와 우울 사이에 연관성이 있음이 밝혀졌다. 그러나, 삶의 다른 영역의 만족도들까지 고려하여 일 만족도가 우울에 미치는 영향을 조사한 연구는 현재까지 없었다. 이번 연구는 삶의 다른 영역의 만족도들을 보정하여 일 만족도와 우울 사이의 연관성을 평가하였다.
방법
본 연구는 한국복지패널 (Korean Welfare Panel Study)의 16차 조사자료를 활용하였다. 우울증을 진단받은 적이 없고 설문을 완료한 총 3568명의 임금 근로자가 선정되었다. 우울은 축약형 CES-D를 이용하여 평가했으며, 직업 만족도를 포함한 여러 만족도들은 5점 리커트 척도로 구성된 단일 문항으로 평가했다. 삶의 다른 영역의 만족도들에 대해 보정하여 직업 만족도와 우울간의 연관성을 분석하기 위해 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 수행하였다.
결과
보정되지 않은 모형에서 우울에 대한 오즈비는 남성의 경우 일 만족 그룹에 비해 일 불만족 그룹에서 7.90 (95% CI: 4.11-15.23), 여성의 경우 7.12 (95% CI: 4.40-11.50)였다. 사회인구학적 요인, 건강 요인, 직업 관련 요인에 대해 보정했을 때도 남성에서 오즈비 6.20 (95% CI: 3.10-12.41), 여성에서 오즈비 6.28 (95% CI: 3.79-10.40)이었다. 그러나, 추가로 삶의 다른 영역의 만족도들에 대해 보정하여 분석했을 때는, 여성에서만 일 만족도와 우울 간에 유의미한 연관성이 나타났다 (OR=3.55, 95% CI: 1.93-6.50).
결론
연구결과에 따르면, 삶의 다른 영역의 만족도들을 고려하여 분석했을 때 일 만족도와 우울 사이의 연관성은 여성에서만 유의미했다. 우울을 예방하기 위한 한 방법으로, 직장에서 여성 근로자들에 대해 정기적으로 직업 만족도를 확인하고 관리해야 할 것이다.

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  • Psychometric properties of the Burnout Assessment Tool - General version in nursing workers
    Lacir José Santin Júnior, Bianca Gonzalez Martins, Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez, Maria Helena Palucci Marziale, Isabel Amelia Costa Mendes, Neyson Pinheiro Freire, Wilmar B. Schaufeli, Hans De Witte, Fernanda Ludmilla Ro
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Propriedades psicométricas do Burnout Assessment Tool – Versão geral em trabalhadores de enfermagem
    Lacir José Santin Júnior, Bianca Gonzalez Martins, Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez, Maria Helena Palucci Marziale, Isabel Amelia Costa Mendes, Neyson Pinheiro Freire, Wilmar B. Schaufeli, Hans De Witte, Fernanda Ludmilla Ro
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Propiedades psicométricas del Burnout Assessment Tool – Versión general en trabajadores de enfermería
    Lacir José Santin Júnior, Bianca Gonzalez Martins, Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, Ana Claudia Souza Vazquez, Maria Helena Palucci Marziale, Isabel Amelia Costa Mendes, Neyson Pinheiro Freire, Wilmar B. Schaufeli, Hans De Witte, Fernanda Ludmilla Ro
    Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Work-related depression and life satisfaction: moderating effect of bank types and psychological capital
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    Current Psychology.2025; 44(10): 8523.     CrossRef
  • Gender discrimination in the workplace and the onset of problematic alcohol use among female wage workers: A longitudinal study in Korea
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    Social Science & Medicine.2025; 379: 118183.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the association between loneliness, work environment, and depressive symptoms: evidence from young Korean workers in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
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  • THE IMPACT OF HAPPINESS ORIENTATIONS ON JOB SATISFACTION AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS: A THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION
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    Beykoz Akademi Dergisi.2025; 13(1): 502.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The association of job training duration and risk of depression among wage workers: an analysis of the mediating factors
Dong Geon Kim, Dong Kyu Kim, Kiook Baek
Ann Occup Environ Med 2024;36:e7.   Published online March 22, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e7
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDFSupplementary Material
Background

Research on job training and job satisfaction has been conducted from various perspectives. Job training is thought to be associated with job satisfaction, which is known as an important factor for depression among workers. We hypothesized that job training duration could influence depression through potential mediators (job satisfaction, motivation to work, and work engagement).

Methods

This study encompassed participants from the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), conducted between 2020 and 2021. To show the relationships between demographic or occupational characteristics and risk of depression, a χ2 test was conducted. The association between job training duration, potential mediators, and risk of depression was analyzed by constructing multiple logistic regression models. The mediating effects of potential mediators on job training duration and risk of depression was evaluated with flexible mediation analysis with weighting-based methods.

Results

The final study population consisted of 25,294 participants. Longer job training duration significantly decreased risk of depression after adjusting for confounders. In the group that received the longest job training duration (≥ 10 days), compared with the group without job training, the odds ratio (OR) for high risk of depression was 0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–0.54). Each three potential mediators showed statistically significant indirect effects and direct effect. Although indirect effects were not strong compared to direct effect, motivation to work had the strongest mediating effect in this study, with an OR of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.92–0.95).

Conclusions

Job training duration was found to have a statistically significant negative association on the risk of depression, and three mediators partially mediating this effect. Although the mechanism was unknown, our findings suggest that job training has a positive influence on workers' mental health. Furthermore, by suggesting the possibility of other pathways existing between job training and depression, we provide directions for future research.

임금근로자에서 직무교육과 우울증 사이의 연관성: 매개요인 분석
목적
직무교육과 직무만족도에 대한 연구는 다양한 관점에서 진행되었다. 직무교육은 직무만족도와 연관이 있는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 근로자들에 있어 우울증의 중요한 요인 중 하나로 직무만족도가 지목되고 있다. 이번 연구에서는 직무교육기간이 잠재적인 매개요인들(직무만족도, 직무동기, 직무열의)를 통해 우울증에 영향을 미칠 수 있을 거라는 가설을 세웠다.
방법
이 연구는 2020년부터 2021년까지 시행한 제6차 근로환경조사에서 데이터를 얻었다. 우울증과 직업적, 인구적 특성의 관계를 분석하기 위해 카이 제곱 검정을 시행하였다. 직무교육 일수와 우울증 위험도의 관계를 확인하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 사용하였으며, 잠재적 매개요인들의 매개효과를 분석하기 위해 가중치를 부여하여, flexible mediation analysis를 시행하였다.
결과
최종적으로 연구에 참여한 참가자는 25,294명이었다. 긴 직무교육을 받은 그룹일수록 유의하게 우울증의 위험도가 감소하였다. 가장 긴 교육(10일 이상)을 받은 군은 교육을 받지 않은 군에 비해 우울증 위험도의 오즈비가 0.46 (95% 신뢰구간 0.39-0.54) 였다. 각각의 매개요인들에서 간접효과와 직접효과 모두 통계적으로 유의하였다. 간접효과는 직접효과에 비해 크지 않았고, 가장 강한 간접효과는 직무동기에서, 1-3일의 직무훈련을 받은 경우, 오즈비는 0.94 (95% 신뢰구간 0.92-0.95) 였다.
결론
이 연구를 통해 직무교육은 우울증 위험도에 유의한 영향을 끼치며, 그 과정에 직무만족도와 다른 요인들이 부분적인 매개효과를 가진다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그 기전을 알 수는 없었지만, 이번 연구를 통해 직무교육은 근로자의 정신건강에도 긍정적인 효과를 가진다는 것을 보일 수 있었다. 또한 직무교육과 우울증 사이의 다른 매개 경로가 있을 가능성을 제시함으로써, 추후 연구의 방향을 제시할 수 있었다.
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Original Article
Relationship between job stress and impaired fasting glucose in male steel industry workers: a cross-sectional study
Hyun-Kyo Lee, Inho Lee, Jisuk Yun, Yong-Jin Lee, Eun-Chul Jang, Young-Sun Min, Soon-Chan Kwon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2023;35:e12.   Published online June 2, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e12
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDF
Background

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between job stress and impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) of male workers in a manufacturing industry.

Methods

Data were collected from 5,886 male workers in a manufacturing industry who participated in the medical examination from June 19 to August 14, 2020 through self-reported questionnaires. The general characteristics of the subjects, shift work, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and job stress were included. Job stress was measured using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) consisting of 8 items and 43 questions. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the IFG association with job stress.

Results

Among the various factors that can cause job stress, only high job demand was associated with a risk of IFG (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–1.82) especially in non-shift worker. For all other factors, no statistically significant results were obtained.

Conclusions

In this study of male workers engaged in the Korean steel manufacturing industry, the 'job demand' item among job stress of non-shift worker was related to IFG.

철강 공장에 근무하는 남성 근로자의 직무 스트레스와 공복혈당장애와의 관계: 단면연구
목적
제2형 당뇨와 직무 스트레스와의 관계를 다룬 여러 연구가 있었으나 공복혈당장애와의 관계를 조사한 연구 결과는 존재하지 않았다. 본 연구는 단일 철강 사업장에서 직무스트레스와 공복혈당장애의 관련성을 확인하되 한국형 직무스트레스 각각 항목과의 연관성을 파악하고자 하였다.
방법
2020년 6월 19일부터 8월 14일까지 건강검진에 참여한 제조업 남성 근로자 5,886명을 대상으로 자체 보고 설문지를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 변수로 대상자의 일반적인 특성 및 교대근무, 재직년수, 고혈압, 이상지질혈증, 직무스트레스 점수가 포함되었다. 직무스트레스는 8개 항목과 43개 질문으로 구성된 한국직업스트레스척도(KOSS)를 이용하여 측정되었다. 다중 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 사용하여 직무 스트레스와 IFG의 연관성을 조사하였다.
결과
직무스트레스를 유발할 수 있는 다양한 요인 중, 비 야간작업자의 높은 직무요구도만이 IFG(OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.13-1.82)의 위험 증가와 관련이 있었다. 다른 모든 요인의 경우 통계적으로 유의한 결과가 얻어지지 않았다.
결론
철강 제조업에 종사하는 남성 근로자들을 대상으로 한 본 연구에서 직무 스트레스 중 ‘직무 요구’ 항목은 비 야간작업자의 공복혈당장애와 관련이 있었다. 향후 다양한 직업군을 대상으로 한 후속 연구가 필요할 것이다.

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    BIO Web of Conferences.2025; 193: 00052.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The effect of job insecurity, employment type and monthly income on depressive symptom: analysis of Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging data
Myeong-Hun Lim, Jong-Uk Won, Won-Tae Lee, Min-Seok Kim, Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2022;34:e24.   Published online September 13, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e24
AbstractAbstract AbstractAbstract in Korean PDFSupplementary Material
Background

In modern society, depression is serious issue that causes socioeconomic and family burden. To decrease the incidence of depression, risk factors should be identified and managed. Among many risk factors for depression, this study examined socioeconomic risk factors for depression.

Methods

We utilized first (2006), second (2008), and third (2010)-wave data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). Depressive symptom was measured with the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Short Form (CES-D-10) in the survey in 2008 and 2010. Three risk factors including job security, employment type and monthly income were measured in the survey in 2006. The association between risk factors and depressive symptom was analyzed by Cox proportional-hazard model.

Results

We analyzed data from 1,105 workers and hazard ratios (HRs) for 3 risk factors were significant entirely. In addition, regular worker with high income group is the most vulnerable group of poor job insecurity on depression among male workers (HR: 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–2.81). Finally, HRs for 7 groups who had at least 1 risk factor had higher HRs compared to groups who had no risk factors after stratifying 3 risk factors. In the analysis, significantly vulnerable groups were total 5 groups and the group who had highest HR was temporary/daily workers with poor job security (HR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.36–4.64). The results concerning women, regardless of job type, were non-significant.

Conclusions

This study presented one or more risk factors among poor job security, low income, temporary/daily employment type increase hazard for depressive symptom in 2 or 4 years after the exposure. These results inform policy to screen for and protect against the risk of depression in vulnerable groups.

직업 안정성, 고용 형태, 월 소득이 우울 증상에 미치는 영향 : 고령화연구 패널조사 분석을 중심으로
목적
우울증은 전세계적으로 사회경제적 부담을 유발하는 심각한 문제로 받아들여지고 있으며 우울증의 위험요인으로는 유전적, 기질적, 환경적, 사회경제적 요인들이 알려져 있으나, 최근 코로나바이러스 감염증-19로 인한 월 소득의 감소, 직업 불안정성을 포함한 사회경제적 요인이 중요하게 다루어지고 있다. 우울증을 스크리닝하기 위한 고위험군을 선정하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 전향적 코호트 내에서 직업 안정성, 고용 형태, 월 소득을 기준으로 8가지 그룹을 나누어 각 그룹의 우울 증상 발생 위험도를 분석하고자 한다.
방법
본 연구는 전향적 코호트 연구인 제 1, 2, 3차 고령화연구패널조사 결과를 분석하였다. 2, 3차 조사에서 적어도 한 번 이상 CES-D-10 점수가 4점 이상인 경우, 우울 증상이 발생하였다고 판단하였으며, 1차 조사에서 응답한 직업 안정성 여부, 고용 형태, 월 소득의 영향을 분석하였다. 분석에는 Cox proportional-hazard regression model이 사용되었으며, 나이, 학력, 월 근무시간, 흡연 및 음주 과거력, 직무 스트레스가 보정 변수로 사용되었다.
결과
먼저, 남성 근로자에서 직업 불안정성, 임시직/일용직 근로자, 낮은 월 소득을 위험요인으로 갖는 경우, 그렇지 않은 경우보다 우울 증상의 위험도가 유의하게 증가하였다. 두 번째로, 남성 근로자에서 월 소득, 고용 형태에 따라 4개의 그룹을 나누어 각 그룹에서 직업 불안정성의 영향을 분석하였으며, 월 소득이 높은 상용직 근로자 그룹에서만 유의한 결과를 보였다. 세 번째로, 직업 안정성, 월 소득, 고용 형태를 기준으로 8개의 그룹을 나누어 각각의 우울 증상의 위험도를 분석하였다. 남성과 여성 근로자에 대하여 각각 분석하였으며, 상용직, 높은 월 소득, 높은 직업 안정성을 가진 근로자를 기준 그룹으로 선정한 후, 위험도 분석을 진행하였다. 세 가지 위험 요소 중, 낮은 직업 안정성만을 위험 요소로 갖는 그룹 (HR [95% CI]: 1.66 [1.05-2.61]), 낮은 직업 안정성과 낮은 월 소득을 갖는 그룹 (HR [95% CI]: 1.76 [1.19-2.61]), 낮은 직업 안정성과 임시직/일용직 근로자를 갖는 그룹 (HR [95% CI]: 2.51 [1.36-4.64]), 낮은 월 소득과 임시직/일용직 근로자를 갖는 그룹(HR [95% CI]: 1.81 [1.02-3.22]) 세 가지 위험 요소를 모두 갖는 그룹 (HR [95% CI]: 2.27 [1.57-3.27])에서 우울 증상의 위험도 증가가 유의하게 나타났다. 세 가지 분석 모두에서 여성 근로자의 경우, 유의미한 결과를 보이지 않았다.
결론
본 연구에서는 직업 불안정성, 임시직/일용직 고용 형태, 낮은 임금에 노출된 경우, 노출 후 2년과 4년 중 1회 이상 우울 증상 발생 위험도가 유의하게 증가한다는 결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 우울 증상에 대한 위험요인이 많은 근로자일수록 우울 증상에 대한 위험도가 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 예외적으로, 임시직/일용직 근로자의 경우, 높은 월 소득의 근로자가 낮은 근로자보다 위험도가 높았다. 마지막으로 월 소득과 고용 형태를 기준으로 그룹을 나누었을 때, 직업 안정성에 의한 위험도 증가가 가장 큰 그룹은 상용직 근로자 중 월 소득이 높은 경우였다. 위 결과를 바탕으로 1개 이상의 위험요인을 갖는 고위험군을 대상으로 우울증에 대한 스크리닝 검사를 2년 간격으로 실시하는 것과 모든 근로자를 대상으로 직업 안정성에 대한 자가 조사가 필요하다는 것을 제안하였다.

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Research Article
Relationship between job rotation and work-related low back pain: a cross-sectional study using data from the fifth Korean working conditions survey
Ji-Su Shin, Kwanghyun Seo, Hyun-Jeong Oh, MyeongSeob Lim, Hee-Tae Kang, Kyeong-Sook Jeong, Sang-Baek Koh, Sung-Kyung Kim, Sung-Soo Oh
Ann Occup Environ Med 2021;33:e3.   Published online January 28, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2021.33.e3
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Job rotation was introduced in various industries as a strategic form of work for improving workers' job skills and health management. This study aims to examine the relationship between job rotation and work-related low back pain (LBP), one of the typical work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean workers.

Methods

We conducted this study using the data of the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). As the subject of this study, 27,163 wage workers were selected, and classified into three groups according to occupational type (white-collar, service and sales, and blue-collar). In this study, job rotation means to change the work-related activities with other colleagues periodically and work-related LBP was defined as whether there was work-related LBP in the last 12 months. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between job rotation and work-related LBP.

Results

Out of 27,163 workers, 2,421 (8.9%) answered that they had job rotation and 2,281 (8.4%) answered that they experienced work-related LBP. According to the results from logistic regression, job rotation was significantly associated with low prevalence of work-related LBP among blue-collar workers (odds ratio [OR]: 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58–0.88), whereas no significant relationship was observed among white-collar, service and sales groups. In addition, the negative association between job rotation and work-related LBP among blue-collar workers was more pronounced when exposed to ergonomic risk factors (uncomfortable posture OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64–0.98; heavy work OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57–0.96; repetitive work OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60–0.92).

Conclusions

Job rotation was associated with low prevalence of work-related LBP among workers in the blue-collar occupational group in Korea. It is necessary to evaluate the effect of job rotation by occupational type and introduce an appropriate method of job rotation to reduce workers' work-related musculoskeletal symptoms.


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Research Article
Combined effect of emotional labor and job insecurity on sleep disturbance among customer service workers
Sunguk Choi, Kwon Ko, Jae Bum Park, Kyung-Jong Lee, Seungho Lee, Inchul Jeong
Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e33.   Published online September 10, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e33
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Job insecurity and emotional labor are poor job-related factors that are known to cause sleep disturbances in customer service workers. This study investigates the combined effect of emotional labor and job insecurity on sleep disturbance.

Methods

This study used data from the Fifth Korean Working Condition Survey and included 15,147 paid workers who serve customers below 65 years. We re-classified into 6 groups based on whether the degree of emotional labor increased (Rarely/Sometimes/Always) or whether job insecurity (No/Yes) was present. We performed propensity score matching for several covariates and calculated odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sleep disturbance by logistic regression models using only matched subjects.

Results

Workers exposed to emotional labor and job insecurity had significantly higher risk for 3 dimensions of sleep disturbance (difficulty falling asleep, waking up repeatedly during the sleep, and waking up with feeling of fatigue) (OR [95% CI]: 1.44 [1.22–1.69], 1.18 [0.99–1.40], 1.52 [1.30–1.79] for emotional labor; and 2.00 [1.75–2.29], 2.20 [1.91–2.53], 1.67 [1.45–1.92] for job insecurity). Compared to those who were exposed to both emotional labor rarely and without job insecurity, when workers had both poor job factors, the OR (95% CI) for sleep disturbance for difficulty falling asleep, waking up repeatedly during the sleep, and waking up with feeling of fatigue were 3.05 (2.42–3.86), 2.89 (2.26–3.69), and 2.60 (2.06–3.29), respectively. The relative excess risk due to Interaction of job insecurity and emotional labor was significant only for difficulty falling asleep, but not the other 2 sleep disturbance dimensions.

Conclusions

Customer service workers suffered from severe sleep disturbances according to the existing degree of emotional labor and job insecurity. The combined effect of both could have an additive influence on serious sleep disturbance among customer service workers.


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Research Article
Effects of job stress on symptoms of bipolar spectrum disorder in an electronic parts manufacturing company
Hyeonchoel Oh, Kihun Kim, Taewoong Ha, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e25.   Published online July 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e25
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Mental illness is known to be caused by genetic, biological, and environmental risk factors. Although previous studies have established the link between mental illness and job stress, most of them are limited to major depression disorder. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between job stress and bipolar spectrum disorder (BSD).

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study based on a survey conducted in April 2017 at an electronic parts manufacturing company in Busan. In a total of 441 workers, the degree of BSD was identified using the Korean version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire, and the degree of job stress was identified using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale Short Form. This study also identified general characteristics of workers and job-related factors. The χ2 test and Fisher's exact test was conducted to determine the differences among the variables, based on BSD. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the influence of independent variables on BSD.

Results

Cross-analysis showed significant differences between the BSD high-risk and low-risk groups regarding age, sex, occupation, smoking, problem drinking, job stress total score, occupational climate, and major depression disorder symptom. In addition, the significant differences between the BSD high-risk and low-risk groups about job stress were observed in terms of job demand, job insecurity, and occupational climate. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the high-risk group in the job stress group had a higher effect on BSD than the low-risk group (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–4.88). Among the categories of job stress, high-risk groups in 3 areas—job demand (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.27–5.17), job insecurity (OR: 4.42, 95% CI: 1.19–16.42), and occupational climate (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.29–5.05)—were more likely to have an impact on BSD than the low-risk groups.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that the high-risk groups of job stress total score, job demand, job insecurity, and occupational climate had a more significant effect on BSD than the low-risk groups. As workers with BSD may have difficulties in their work and personal lives, there is a need to manage job stress to prevention of BSD.


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    World Psychiatry.2022; 21(3): 364.     CrossRef
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Research Article
A study of job stress, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in display manufacturing workers: a cross-sectional study
Seung-hwan Ahn, Yong-Jin Lee, Eun-Chul Jang, Soon-Chan Kwon, Young-Sun Min, Seung-Hoon Ryu
Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e16.   Published online June 2, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e16
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

This study aimed to investigate the association between job stress and suicide ideation/attempts among display manufacturing workers.

Methods

Data were collected from 836 workers in a display manufacturing company who participated in health screenings from May 22 to June 16, 2017. The data included general characteristics, night work, job tenure, previous physician-diagnosed chronic diseases, suicidal ideation/suicide attempts, and job stress. We investigated suicidal ideation/suicide attempts that covered the past year by using a self-reported questionnaire. Job stress was measured using the 43-item Korean Occupational Stress Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between job stress and suicidal ideation/suicide attempts. The mediator effect of depression on suicidal ideation/suicide attempts was tested using a series of logistic regression by applying Baron and Kenny's mediation method.

Results

In the model adjusting for variables (e.g., age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, shift work, job tenure, chronic disease and depression), physical environment (OR: 3.60, 95% CI: 1.08–12.02), lack of reward (OR: 5.31, 95% CI: 1.54–18.34), and occupation climate (OR: 7.36, 95% CI: 2.28–23.72) were correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts in women. However, all subscales of job stress were not significantly correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts in men. In mediation analysis, job instability and occupational climate were correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts and were mediated by depression in men workers.

Conclusions

In women workers, the experiences of suicidal ideation/suicide attempts were significantly correlated with the physical environment, lack of reward, and occupational climate that were subscales of job stress. In men workers, depression rather than job stress was correlated with experiences of suicidal ideation/suicide attempts.


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    Ethics, Medicine and Public Health.2022; 21: 100756.     CrossRef
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Research Article
A study on the characteristics of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) of workers in one electronics company
Young Gon Choi, Byung Jin Choi, Tae Hwi Park, Jun Young Uhm, Dong Bae Lee, Seong Sil Chang, Soo Young Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e29.   Published online October 15, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e29
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

This study investigated characteristics according to demographic, occupational factors of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and related scales to MBI-GS.

Methods

The subjects of the study were 3,331 workers in 3 different workplaces of one electronics company. They filled in demographic factors surveys, occupational factors surveys, MBI-GS, Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and World Health Organization Quality Of Life-Abbreviated version (WHOQOL-BREF). The correlations between sub-scales of MBI-GS and KOSS-SF, PHQ-9, WHOQOL-BREF were analyzed respectively. And KOSS-SF, PHQ-9, and WHOQOL-BREF were categorized; mean scores of sub-scales of MBI-GS were compared; and the quartiles of sub-scales of MBI-GS were presented.

Results

A comparison of mean scores of MBI-GS according to demographic and occupational factors showed a significant difference according to age, problem drinking behavior, working time, and working duration in exhaustion regardless of sex. In professional efficacy, a significant difference was observed in age, marital status, working type, and working duration. And as a result of correlation analysis, the correlation coefficient between exhaustion and PHQ-9 was the highest regardless of sex. In addition, regardless of sex, exhaustion and cynicism scores tended to increase and professional efficacy score tended to decrease as the work stress level rose. Same tendency is shown in case of the more severe the symptom of depression and the lower quality of life. When the quartile for sub-scales' score of MBI-GS were investigated, the burnout was more pronounced in female than in male.

Conclusions

Many demographic and occupational factors affect burnout were identified in one electronics company, and we investigated which sub-scales of MBI-GS were affected. Through this study, burnout characteristics were identified in a few population group of Korea, and the results are expected to be useful for burnout risk group identification, counseling, etc.


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    Anna Larysz, Anna Prokopowicz, Michał Zakliczyński, Izabella Uchmanowicz
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    BioMed Research International.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Research Article
Association between job-related stress and experience of presenteeism among Korean workers stratified on the presence of depression
Jihyun Kim, Yeong-Kwang Kim, Sung-Ho Leem, Jong-Uk Won
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e26.   Published online September 30, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e26
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Background

Presenteeism refers to the phenomenon of working while sick. Its development can be attributed to not only somatic symptoms but also underlying social agreements and workplace atmosphere. In this study, we analyzed presenteeism among workers from various industries, focusing on job-related stress with stratification on the presence of depression.

Methods

We conducted the study with data from questionnaires filled in by different enterprises enrolled in the Federation of Korean Trade Unions. Workers' depressive symptoms were investigated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, while questions on job-related stress and presenteeism were derived from the short form of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale and the official Korean version of the Work-Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire-General Health, respectively. Multilevel logistic analysis was conducted to determine the statistical differences derived from the differences between companies.

Results

In total, 930 participants (753 men and 177 women) from 59 enterprises participated in the research. We conducted multilevel logistic regression to determine the association between the variables and presenteeism, with stratification by the presence of depression. Higher job demands and higher interpersonal conflict showed significantly elevated odds ratios (ORs) in univariate models and in the multivariate multilevel model. In the final model of total population, fully adjusted by general and work-related characteristics, higher job demands (OR: 3.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.08–5.21) and interpersonal conflict (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.29–2.71) had significantly higher ORs—a tendency that remained in participants without depression.

Conclusions

This study reflected the factors associated with presenteeism among workers from various enterprises. The findings revealed that job-related stress was closely related to presenteeism in both the total population and in the population without depression. Thus, it emphasized interventions for managing job stress among workers to reduce presenteeism in general workers' population.


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  • Occupational stress(KOSS®19): scale development and validation in the Korean context
    Hansoo Song, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Inah Kim, Jin-Ha Yoon, Sang-Baek Koh, Sung-Soo Oh, Hee-Tae Kang, Da-Yee Jeung, Dae-Sung Hyun, Chunhui Suh, Sei-Jin Chang
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2025; 37: e12.     CrossRef
  • Racial diversity at work: a psychodynamic perspective
    Victor Penda, Sonya Dineva
    Psychodynamic Practice.2024; 30(4): 355.     CrossRef
  • Presenteeism and mental health of workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
    Juan Jesús García-Iglesias, Juan Gómez-Salgado, Joao Apostolo, Rogério Rodrigues, Emília Isabel Costa, Carlos Ruiz-Frutos, Santiago Martínez-Isasi, Daniel Fernández-García, Ángel Vilches-Arenas
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Job Demand-control-support Profiles on Presenteeism: Evidence from the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey
    Ari Min, Hye Chong Hong
    Safety and Health at Work.2023; 14(1): 85.     CrossRef
  • Association of work environment with stress and depression among Japanese workers
    Kiko Shiga, Keisuke Izumi, Kazumichi Minato, Michitaka Yoshimura, Momoko Kitazawa, Sayaka Hanashiro, Kelley Cortright, Shunya Kurokawa, Yuki Momota, Mitsuhiro Sado, Takashi Maeno, Toru Takebayashi, Masaru Mimura, Taishiro Kishimoto
    Work.2022; 72(4): 1321.     CrossRef
  • Sickness Presenteeism among Employees Having Workplace Conflicts—Results from Pooled Analyses in Latvia
    Svetlana Lakiša, Linda Matisāne, Inese Gobiņa, Hans Orru, Ivars Vanadziņš
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(17): 10525.     CrossRef
  • Examination of Salivary Cortisol as a Biomonitoring of Work-Related Stress
    Muhammad Reza Aditya, Muhammad Ilyas
    The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health.2022; 11(1): 152.     CrossRef
  • Work-Related Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Presenteeism － Recent Research Trends and Future Directions
    Koji MORI, Masako NAGATA, Tomohisa NAGATA
    Journal of UOEH.2021; 43(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • Factors Associated With the Work Productivity of Japanese Working Pregnant Women
    Aya Wada, Yasuka Nakamura, Yoko Sumikawa Tsuno, Keiko Nagasaka, Maiko Kawajiri, Yoko Takeishi, Mikako Yoshida, Toyoko Yoshizawa
    Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2021; 63(11): e759.     CrossRef
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Research Article
Depressive symptoms among dance artists in South Korea: balance between self- and social identity on job value
Sung-Shil Lim, Jihyun Kim, Seahee Yune, Jin-Ha Yoon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e14.   Published online July 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e14
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Background

The balance between self- and social identity on job value of Korean dance artists, considered as performing artists, was measured to investigate the relationship between balance and depressive symptoms.

Methods

Data of 139 dance artists were analyzed for depressive symptoms assessed by their responses to questionnaires from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD) translated into Korean. The balance score of each aspect of social identity compared to that of self-identity on job value was measured and classified as lower, equal, or higher. Following a graphical approach, we performed locally weighted scatterplot smoothing algorithm, simple linear regression, and quadric equation regression.

Results

The mean of CESD was highest in the higher balance group and lowest in the lower balance group. There was a linear relationship between balance score and CESD regarding specific audience, unspecified audience, and unspecified public. Balance score showed no association with other aspects of social identity. In the balance score range of 1 or higher, it was associated with CESD with respect to artist colleague, unspecified audience, and unspecified public.

Conclusions

Dance artists should maintain a balance between self- and social identity in job value to prevent depressive symptoms.


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Case Report
A case of extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture in an automotive assembly line worker: an ergonomic evaluation through job strain index (JSI) and musculoskeletal risk factor survey
Sunwook Park, Jungwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e2.   Published online May 1, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e2
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

We report a case of extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture caused by repetitive motions and awkward posture on hand and wrist joints.

Case presentation

A 47-year-old right-handed man who worked for 15 years in an assembly line at an automotive manufacturing company has been diagnosed with a complete tear of right EPL tendon. We investigated the patient's occupational history in detail and evaluated the tasks ergonomically through musculoskeletal risk factors survey and job strain index (JSI) using the 22 task-related videos recorded by the patient. Three out of the 12 tasks (25%) were identified as high-risk work on the hand and wrist in the musculoskeletal risk factors survey in 2016. Among the 22 tasks analyzed by JSI, 11 tasks (50%) were evaluated as probably hazardous. In addition, he used localized vibration tools in 19 (86.4%) out of 22 tasks.

Conclusion

We concluded the patient's disease was probably caused by repetitive motion and improper posture of the hand and wrist, and the hand-arm vibration is a possible cause as well.


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  • Erhebung der arbeitsplatzbezogenen subjektiven Belastungs- und Beanspruchungssituation von Akkord- und Fließbandarbeitern im Versandhandel
    Julia Rother, Sabine Darius, Irina Böckelmann
    Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie.2025; 75(2): 49.     CrossRef
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    Yangwoo Kim, Inah Kim, Jung-Min Sung, Jaechul Song
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Tzu-I Chien, Huey-Wen Liang, Ya-Fen Lee, Fei-Yun Liu, Chi-Kwang Hsu, Shao-Tseng Liu, Mo Siu-Mei Lee, Pin-Fei Wei, Silvia Todros
    BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Research Article
Second hand smoke exposure in workplace by job status and occupations
Hyunhee Park, Sung-il Cho, Changhun Lee
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:3.   Published online January 28, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-019-0282-z
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

The objective of this study is to evaluate the risk of exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) during working hours by job status and occupation.

Methods

Using the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), 49,674 respondents who answered the question about SHS were studied. A chi-square test was carried out to determine whether there is a significant different in SHS exposure frequency by general and occupational characteristics and experience of discrimination at work and logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the risk level of SHS exposure by variables.

Results

In this study, we found that male workers in their 40s and 50s, workers employed in workplaces with fewer than 50 employees, daily workers, and people working outdoors had a higher rate of exposure to SHS than the others. The top five occupations with the highest SHS exposure were construction and mining-related occupations, metal core-makers-related trade occupations, wood and furniture, musical instrument, and signboard-related trade occupations, transport and machine-related trade occupations, transport and leisure services occupations. The least five exposed occupations were public and enterprise senior officers, legal and administrative professions, education professionals, and health, social welfare, and religion-related occupations.

Conclusion

Tobacco smoke is a significant occupational hazard. Smoking ban policy in the workplace can be a very effective way to reduce the SHS exposure rate in the workplace and can be more effective if specifically designed by the job status and various occupations.


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  • Second-Hand Smoke Exposure and Risk of Lung Cancer Among Nonsmokers in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Safa Elkefi, Gabriel Zeinoun, Achraf Tounsi, Jean-Marie Bruzzese, Corina Lelutiu-Weinberger, Alicia K. Matthews
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2025; 22(4): 595.     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of Measured Airborne and Self-Reported Secondhand Smoke Exposure in the MADRES Pregnancy Cohort Study
    Karl O’Sharkey, Yan Xu, Jane Cabison, Marisela Rosales, Thomas Chavez, Mark Johnson, Tingyu Yang, Seung-Hyun Cho, Ryan Chartier, Deborah Lerner, Nathana Lurvey, Claudia M Toledo Corral, Myles Cockburn, Meredith Franklin, Shohreh F Farzan, Theresa M Bastai
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    Seong-Uk Baek, Min-Seok Kim, Myeong-Hun Lim, Taeyeon Kim, Jin-Ha Yoon, Yu-Min Lee, Jong-Uk Won
    Journal of Epidemiology.2024; 34(10): 459.     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of Measured Airborne and Self-Reported Secondhand Smoke Exposure in the Madres Pregnancy Cohort Study
    Karl O'Sharkey, Yan Xu, Jane Cabison, Marisela Rosales, Thomas Chavez, Mark Johnson, Tingyu Yang, Seung-Hyun Cho, Ryan Chartier, Claudia M. Toledo Corral, Myles Cockburn, Meredith Franklin, Shohreh F. Farzan, Theresa Bastain, Carrie V. Breton, Rima H
    SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Exposure to Secondhand Smoke: Inconsistency between Self-Response and Urine Cotinine Biomarker Based on Korean National Data during 2009–2018
    Boram Sim, Myung-Bae Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(17): 9284.     CrossRef
  • Self-reported secondhand smoke exposure following the adoption of a national smoke-free policy in Poland: analysis of serial, cross-sectional, representative surveys, 2009–2019
    Mateusz Jankowski, Vaughan Rees, Wojciech Stefan Zgliczyński, Dorota Kaleta, Mariusz Gujski, Jarosław Pinkas
    BMJ Open.2020; 10(9): e039918.     CrossRef
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Research Article
Relationship between job stress and functional dyspepsia in display manufacturing sector workers: a cross-sectional study
Younghyeon Nam, Soon-Chan Kwon, Yong-Jin Lee, Eun-Chul Jang, Seung-hwan Ahn
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:62.   Published online October 19, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0274-4
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Job stress has been reported as a risk factor of psychological changes, which have been shown to be related to gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms such as functional dyspepsia. However, few studies have assessed the relationship between job stress and functional dyspepsia. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between job stress and functional dyspepsia in South Korea.

Methods

This study was conducted between May 23 and July 6, 2016 and included 901 workers in the display manufacturing sector. Subjects completed self-reported questionnaires, regarding Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS), functional dyspepsia, Insomnia Severity Index-K, and health-related behaviors and job characteristics. Subjects were divided into functional dyspepsia-positive and -negative groups based on the Rome III criteria. The KOSS high-risk group was defined as subjects with KOSS score above the 75 percentile of KOSS reference value. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between job stress and functional dyspepsia.

Results

In women, the risk of functional dyspepsia was significantly higher in the high-risk groups of the following KOSS subcategories in unadjusted model: job demand (OR 3.282, 95% CI 1.181–9.126), and occupational climate (OR 2.665, 95% CI 1.041–6.823). Even in adjusted model, the risk was significantly higher in the high-risk groups of the following KOSS subcategories: job demand (OR 3.123, 95% CI 1.036–9.416) and occupational climate (OR 3.304, 95% CI 1.198–9.115). In men, the risk of functional dyspepsia was not significant in all KOSS subcategories.

Conclusions

This study showed that job demand and occupational climates were associated with functional dyspepsia in female display manufacturing sector workers. Therefore, both clinical and mental health approaches should be used in the management of functional dyspepsia in women.


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    Mina AkbariRad, Abdollah Firoozi, AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf, Hassan Mehrad-Majd, Bahram Kangi, Ali Beheshti Namdar
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    Mohammed Mohammed Sani, Yahaya Jafaru, Daniel Opotamutale Ashipala, Abubakar Kalgo Sahabi
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    Hyun-Kyo Lee, Inho Lee, Jisuk Yun, Yong-Jin Lee, Eun-Chul Jang, Young-Sun Min, Soon-Chan Kwon
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Sabrina Xin Zi Quek, Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo, Alla Demutska, Chun En Chua, Guan Sen Kew, Scott Wong, Hui Xing Lau, En Xian Sarah Low, Tze Liang Loh, Ooi Shien Lung, Emily C W Hung, M. Masudur Rahman, Uday C Ghoshal, Sunny H Wong, Cynthia K Y Cheung, Ari F Sya
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Research Article
Changes of depression and job stress in workers after merger without downsizing
Jun Ick Jung, Jun Seok Son, Young Ouk Kim, Chang Ho Chae, Chan Woo Kim, Hyoung Ouk Park, Jun Ho Lee, Young Hoo Shin, Jea Chul Ha
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:54.   Published online August 29, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0266-4
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Since the 1980s, restructuring, which includes downsizing, closures, mergers, and privatization, has expanded worldwide, and various studies have investigated its effect on health. However, previous studies have mainly focused on restructuring accompanied by massive lay-offs, and the effect of a merger on workers’ health is still controversial. This study aims to investigate changes in worker depression and job stress after a merger without downsizing, which is unusual in Korea.

Methods

Repeated surveys were done in April 2014, April 2015, and April 2016 involving the participation of 209 subjects. Participants were divided into two groups, which were comprised of blue-collar workers (104) and white-collar workers (105). Sociodemographic characteristics, including age, education level, job tenure, gender, marital status, smoking status, and alcohol consumption, were measured via a survey. To determine the level of depression, the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was employed, and to investigate job stress, the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF) was used. For statistical analyses, Pearson’s chi-square test, the Student’s t-test, and repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed.

Results

The results showed that depression (CES-D, F[2, 400] = 0.466, p = 0.628) was changed but without significance and job stress (KOSS-SF, F[1.899, 379.831] = 3.192, p = 0.045) were significantly different. The between-group difference in the CES-D score between the blue- and white-collar workers by survey administration time was not statistically significant (F = 0.316, p = 0.574). The interaction between the survey time and occupational group was also not statistically significant (F = 0.967, p = 0.381). The between-group difference in the KOSS-SF total score was not statistically significant (F = 1.132, p = 0.289), and the interaction between the survey administration time and occupational group was also not significant (F = 0.817, p = 0.437). In the job stress subgroup analyses Job insecurity and Lack of reward showed a significant difference by survey administration time.

Conclusion

This study showed that a merger without massive downsizing can cause negative health effects such as an changes in depression and increase in job stress. To improve the health of workers, both the immediate negative effects on health, and the long-term effects or their resolution over time should be considered prior to the merger.


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  • A Review of Psychological Stress among Students and Its Assessment Using Salivary Biomarkers
    Bruno Špiljak, Maja Vilibić, Ana Glavina, Marija Crnković, Ana Šešerko, Liborija Lugović-Mihić
    Behavioral Sciences.2022; 12(10): 400.     CrossRef
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Research Article
Working hours and depressive symptoms: the role of job stress factors
Yeogyeong Yoon, Jia Ryu, Hyunjoo Kim, Chung won Kang, Kyunghee Jung-Choi
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:46.   Published online July 13, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0257-5
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

South Korea is one of the countries with the longest working hours in the OECD countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of working hours on depressive symptoms and the role of job stress factors between the two variables among employees in South Korea.

Methods

This study used data from the Korea Working Conditions Survey in 2014. Study subjects included 23,197 employees aged 19 years or older who work more than 35 h per week. Working hours were categorized into 35–39, 40, 41–52, 53–68, and more than 68 h per week. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the WHO’s Well-Being Index with a cut-off score of 13. We calculated prevalence ratios of depressive symptoms according to working hours using log-binomial regression. Through the percentage change in prevalence ratios, we identified the extent of the role of job stress factors that explain depressive symptoms.

Results

The risks of depressive symptoms were significantly higher in people who worked 35–39 h per week (PR: 1.09, CI: 1.01–1.18), 53–68 h/week (PR: 1.21, CI: 1.16–1.25), and more than 68 h/week (PR: 1.14, CI: 1.07–1.21) than 40 h/week, after adjusting for confounding variables. Job stress explained the effects of long working hours on depressive symptoms in about 20–40% of the groups working more than 40 h/week. Among the factors of job stress, social support was 10–30%, which showed the highest explanatory power in all working hours. Reward explained 15–30% in the more than 52 h working group, and reward was the most important factor in the working group that exceeded 68 h.

Conclusions

We showed the working hours could be an independent risk factor for depressive symptoms in employees. To improve workers’ mental health, it is important to strengthen social support in the workplace, to provide adequate rewards as they work, and ultimately to regulate the appropriate amount of working hours.


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Research Article
Association between organizational justice and depressive symptoms among securities company workers
HyunSuk Lee, KangHyun Um, YoungSu Ju, Sukkoun Lee, Min Choi, Domyung Paek, Seong-Sik Cho
Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e7.   Published online June 5, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e7
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

The organizational justice model can evaluate job stressor from decision-making process, attitude of managerial or senior staff toward their junior workers, and unfair resource distribution. Stress from organizational injustice could be harmful to workers' mental health. The purpose of this study is to explore the association between organizational justice and depressive symptoms in a securities company.

Methods

To estimate organizational justice, a translated Moorman's organizational justice evaluation questionnaire (Korean) was employed. Cronbach's α coefficient was estimated to assess the internal consistency of the translated questionnaire. To assess depressive symptoms, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale was used. The link between the sub-concepts of the organizational justice model and depressive symptoms was assessed utilizing multiple logistic regression models.

Results

The risk of depressive symptoms was significantly higher among workers with higher levels of all subcategory of organizational injustice. In the full adjusted model odds ratio (OR) of higher level of procedural injustice 2.79 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58–4.90), OR of the higher level of relational injustice 4.25 (95% CI, 2.66–6.78), OR of higher level of distributional injustice 4.53 (95% CI, 2.63–7.83) respectively. Cronbach's α coefficient of the Korean version was 0.93 for procedural justice, 0.93 for relational justice, and 0.95 for distributive justice.

Conclusions

A higher level of organizational injustice was linked to higher prevalence of depressive symptoms among workers in a company of financial industry.


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  • Perceived gender discrimination in the workplace and onset of depressive symptoms in women: A population-based longitudinal analysis in South Korea
    Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
    Journal of Psychiatric Research.2025; 181: 689.     CrossRef
  • The mediating role of job fairness and job burnout between subjective social status and depressive symptoms in Chinese migrant workers: a generational difference analysis
    Yuanping Deng, Jiahui Huang, Juan Fang, Shaochang Wu, Yawen Zheng, Li Chen
    BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Organizational Justice and Health: Reviewing Two Decades of Studies
    Laura Cachón-Alonso, Marko Elovainio, Richard Crisp
    Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • Effects of procedural justice on prospective antidepressant medication prescription: a longitudinal study on Swedish workers
    Viktor Persson, Constanze Eib, Claudia Bernhard-Oettel, Constanze Leineweber
    BMC Public Health.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 4 Crossref
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Research Article
The association between Korean employed workers’ on-call work and health problems, injuries
Chulin Baek, Jae Bum Park, Kyungjong Lee, Jaehyuk Jung
Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:19.   Published online March 20, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0225-0
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

On-call work is a form of work that requires the person to work at any time during the on-call period. Thus, on-call work is often regarded as one of the most severe stress factors. This study investigates the associations between on-call work and health problems, injuries.

Methods

This study was based on the 3rd Korean Working Conditions Survey. Total of 29,246 employed workers who had been working for at least 1 year were included. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between on-call work and health problems, injuries.

Results

The odds ratios for on-call workers in terms of physical health problems, psychological health problems, and injuries were 1.33 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22-1.44), 1.31 (95% CI 1.08-1.60), and 2.76 (95% CI 2.26-3.37), respectively. Analysis of the detailed symptoms revealed odds ratios in on-call workers of 2.06 for hearing problems (95% CI 1.63-2.62); 1.71 for skin problems (95% CI 1.38-2.12); 1.22 for back pain (95% CI 1.08-1.38); 1.23 for muscular pains in upper limbs (95% CI 1.12-1.34); 1.27 for muscular pains in lower limbs (95% CI 1.15-1.40); 1.46 for headache, eye fatigue (95% CI 1.32-1.60); 1.37 for abdominal pain (95% CI 1.02-1.85); 1.43 for depression or anxiety disorders (95% CI 1.07-1.93); 1.36 for fatigue (95% CI 1.24-1.49); and 1.41 for insomnia and general sleep difficulties (95% CI 1.13-1.76).

Conclusions

The present study found that on-call work results in an increased risk of health problems and injuries. This study is the result of analyses of broad range of the job spectrum in Korean employed workers; thus, future studies are necessary to determine the effects of on-call work in various job groups.


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  • Socioeconomic inequalities in depression and the role of job conditions in China
    Jie Ma, Jinjing Wu, Guillaume Marois
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • On-call work and depressive mood: A cross-sectional survey among rural migrant workers in China
    Qingqing Xu, Liyun Wang, Yiwen Zhang, Xia Jiang
    Frontiers in Psychology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Changes in the Health Indicators of Hospital Medical Residents During the Four-Year Training Period in Korea
    Ji-Sung Ahn, Seunghyeon Cho, Won-Ju Park
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and risk factors associated with poor sleep among firefighters in Taiwan: An observational study
    Cheng-Yao Lin, Shih-Bin Su, Ya-Ting Hu, Cheau-Jane Peng, Kou-Huang Chen, Kow-Tong Chen
    Medicine.2022; 101(44): e31570.     CrossRef
  • 1,336 View
  • 8 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
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Research Article
Association between supervisors’ behavior and wage workers’ job stress in Korea: analysis of the fourth Korean working conditions survey
Shin Uk Kang, Byeong Jin Ye, ByoungGwon Kim, Jung Il Kim, Jung Woo Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:43.   Published online October 11, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0199-3
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

In modern society, many workers are stressed. Supervisors’ support or behavior can affect the emotional or psychological part of the worker. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of supervisor’s behavior on worker’s stress.

Methods

The study included 19,272 subjects following the assignment of weighted values to workers other than soldiers using data from the Fourth Korean Working Condition Survey. Supervisors’ behavior was measured using 5 items: “supervisor feedback regarding work,” “respectful attitude,” “good conflict-resolution ability,” “good work-related planning and organizational ability,” and the encouragement of participation in important decision making. Job stress was measured using 1 item: “I experience stress at work.” Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the effects of supervisors’ behavioral, general, occupational, and psychosocial characteristics on job stress in workers. Organizational characteristics associated with supervisors’ behavior were also analyzed.

Results

The results showed that supervisors’ provision of feedback regarding work increased workers’ job stress (OR = 1.329, 95% CI = 1.203 ~ 1.468). When a supervisor respect workers (OR = 0.812, 95% CI = 0.722 ~ 0.913) or good at planning and organizing works (OR = 0.816, 95% CI: 0.732 ~ 0.910), workers’ job stress decreased. In particular, the two types of supervisor behaviors, other than feedback regarding work, were high in private-sector organizations employing less than 300 employees.

Conclusion

Supervisors’ behavior influenced job stress levels in workers. Therefore, it is necessary to increase education regarding the effects of supervisors’ behavior on job stress, which should initially be provided in private-sector organizations with up to 300 employees.


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  • Need for Recovery and Work–Family Conflict in the Armed Forces: A Latent Profile Analysis of Job Demands and Resources
    Francesco Pace, Cristina Moavero, Giuditta Cusimano, Giulia Sciotto
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2025; 22(5): 795.     CrossRef
  • Sleep Disturbance Among Workers: Interaction and Mediation of Job Satisfaction and Social Support
    Jian Lee, Jongmin Lee, Juyeon Oh, Hyejin Kim, Subin Kim, Heejoo Park, Juho Sim, Byungyoon Yun, Jin-Ha Yoon
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Job security in the apparel industry in Sri Lanka
    Wasantha Rajapakshe, T.G.S.D. Chandrasiri
    Work Organisation, Labour & Globalisation.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between night work and dyslipidemia in South Korean men and women: a cross-sectional study
    Jae Hong Joo, Doo Woong Lee, Dong-Woo Choi, Eun-Cheol Park
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 1 Web of Science
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Research Article
Comparison of facet joint degeneration in firefighters and hospital office workers
Dong Hyun Kim, Yon Soo An, Hyung Doo Kim, Kyoung Sook Jeong, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Kun-Hyung Kim, Youngki Kim, Han-Soo Song, Chul-Gab Lee, Young-Jun Kwon, Jin-Ha Yoon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:24.   Published online June 24, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0180-1
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

There are few published studies on the relationship between occupational lumbar load and facet joint degeneration (FJD). This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the effect of physical lumbar load on FJD by comparing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of firefighters (FFs) and hospital office workers (HOWs).

Methods

We randomly sampled 341 male FFs and 80 male HOWs by age stratification. A questionnaire and clinical examination, including MRI of the lumbar spine (T12-S1), were conducted. FJD was diagnosed and graded by using the classification of Pathria et al., and reclassified into two groups as follows: no FJD (grade 0) and FJD (grades 1, 2, and 3). The prevalence of FJD was analyzed according to occupational group.

Results

The prevalence of FJD ranged from 31% (L1–L2) to 75% (L4–L5) in the FFs, and from 18% (L1–L2) to 69% (L4–L5) in the HOWs. After adjustment for age, body mass index, and frequency of physical exercise, the adjusted odds ratios (OR) for FJD in the FFs were significantly higher than those in the HOWs at all lumbar spinal levels, except for L3–L4 (L1–L2: OR, 2.644; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.317–5.310; L2–L3: OR, 2.285; 95% CI, 1.304–4.006; L4–L5: OR, 1.918; 95% CI, 1.037–3.544; L5–S1: OR, 1.811; 95% CI, 1.031–3.181).

Conclusion

This study shows that FFs exhibit a greater likelihood of having FJD than HOWs after controlling for other risk factors of FJD. This suggests that the physical occupational demands of FFs affect their risk of developing FJD.


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  • Animal Models of Intervertebral Disc Diseases: Advantages, Limitations, and Future Directions
    Jin Young Hong, Hyunseong Kim, Wan-Jin Jeon, Changhwan Yeo, Hyun Kim, Junseon Lee, Yoon Jae Lee, In-Hyuk Ha
    Neurology International.2024; 16(6): 1788.     CrossRef
  • Non-cancer health risks in firefighters: a systematic review
    Jeong Ah Kim, Soo Yeon Song, Wonjeong Jeong, Jae Kwan Jun
    Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022109.     CrossRef
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    Hamish Osborne, Peter Burt
    Emergency Medicine Australasia.2022; 34(5): 833.     CrossRef
  • An overview of compensated work-related injuries among Korean firefighters from 2010 to 2015
    Hyung Doo Kim, Yon Soo An, Dong Hyun Kim, Kyung Sook Jeong, Yeon Soon Ahn
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Research Article
Validation of general job satisfaction in the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study
Shin Goo Park, Sang Hee Hwang
Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:10.   Published online April 5, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0167-y
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

The purpose of this study is to assess the validity and reliability of general job satisfaction (JS) in the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS).

Methods

We used the data from the 17th wave (2014) of the nationwide KLIPS, which selected a representative panel sample of Korean households and individuals aged 15 or older residing in urban areas. We included in this study 7679 employed subjects (4529 males and 3150 females). The general JS instrument consisted of five items rated on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The general JS reliability was assessed using the corrected item-total correlation and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The validity of general JS was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Pearson’s correlation.

Results

The corrected item-total correlations ranged from 0.736 to 0.837. Therefore, no items were removed. Cronbach’s alpha for general JS was 0.925, indicating excellent internal consistency. The CFA of the general JS model showed a good fit. Pearson’s correlation coefficients for convergent validity showed moderate or strong correlations.

Conclusion

The results obtained in our study confirm the validity and reliability of general JS.


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  • Association between job satisfaction and current smoking and change in smoking behavior: a 16‐year longitudinal study in South Korea
    Seong‐Uk Baek, Won‐Tae Lee, Min‐Seok Kim, Myeong‐Hun Lim, Jin‐Ha Yoon, Jong‐Uk Won
    Addiction.2023; 118(11): 2118.     CrossRef
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  • 17 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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Research Article
Self-resilience as a protective factor against development of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in police officers
Jong-Ku Lee, Hyeon-Gyeong Choi, Jae-Yeop Kim, Juhyun Nam, Hee-Tae Kang, Sang-Baek Koh, Sung-Soo Oh
Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:58.   Published online October 17, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0145-9
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

This study was conducted to check whether self-resilience, one of the characteristics known to affect the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms after experiencing traumatic events, could serve as a protective factor for police officers whose occupational factors are corrected.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in which 112 male police officers in Gangwon Province participated. They visited the Wonju Severance Christian Hospital Occupational Environment Center for medical check-ups from June to December 2015. Their general characteristics were identified using structured questionnaires, and they were asked to fill in the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF). Further, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-Korean (CD-RI-K), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised-Korean version (IES-R-K) were used to evaluate their job stress, depression, self-resilience, and PTSD symptoms. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to correct their personal, occupational, and psychological factors to analyze the relationship between self-resilience and PTSD symptoms.

Results

Among 112 respondents who experienced a traumatic event, those with low self-resilience had significantly higher rate of PTSD symptoms than those with high self-resilience even after correcting for the covariate of general, occupational, and psychological characteristics (odds ratio [OR] 3.51; 95 % CI: 1.06–19.23).

Conclusions

Despite several limitations, these results suggest that a high degree of self-resilience may protect police officers from critical incident-related PTSD symptoms.


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    Andrés Camargo, Leandro P. Casiraghi, Rafael Vargas, Martha Trujillo
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    Mehmet Ali Padır, Caner Doğrusever, Bülent Tansel, Mehmet Sıddık Vangölü
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Research Article
Comparison of anxiety and depression status between office and manufacturing job employees in a large manufacturing company: a cross sectional study
WonYang Kang, Won-Ju Park, Keun-Ho Jang, Hyeong-Min Lim, Ji-Sung Ann, Seung-hyeon Cho, Jai-Dong Moon
Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:47.   Published online September 15, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0134-z
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

The aim of this study was to investigate whether type of work is associated with anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Additionally, we investigated the impact of number of working hours on anxiety and depression.

Methods

A total of 1774 workers participated and completed the HADS to determine their levels of anxiety and depression. All subjects were employed at one of two manufacturing plants for the same company. Of all participants, 222 were employed in office jobs and 1552 in manufacturing jobs.

Results

Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis including age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, factory region, and working hours, indicated that employment in an office job was associated with a 2.17-fold increase in the odds of anxiety compared to a manufacturing job (odds ratio [OR] = 2.17; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.24–3.80). Office jobs were also associated with a 1.94-fold increase in the odds of depression (OR = 1.94; 95 % CI, 1.34–2.82). In addition, number of hours worked was significantly associated with depression, and working hours significantly modified the effect of office job employment on the risk of depression.

Conclusions

Office job workers had higher levels of anxiety and depression than those working in manufacturing jobs. Our findings suggest that occupational physicians should consider the organizational risks faced by office job employees, and consider the differences in psychological health between office and manufacturing job workers when implementing interventions.


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Research Article
The association of relational and organizational job stress factors with sleep disorder: analysis of the 3rd Korean working conditions survey (2011)
Gyuree Kim, Bokki Min, Jaeyoup Jung, Domyung Paek, Sung-il Cho
Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:46.   Published online September 13, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0131-2
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Sleep disorder is a disease that causes reduction in quality of life and work efficiency of workers. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between job-related stress factor and sleep disorder among wageworkers in Korea.

Methods

This study was based on analysis of the 3rd Korean working conditions survey. We analyzed 35,902 workers whose employment status is wageworker. We classified the job-related stress factor into 12 sections. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the relationship between job-related stress factor and sleep disorder and Odds ratio and 95 % CI were calculated using the SPSS version 23.0 program.

Results

Many categories of Job-related stress factor were correlated with sleep disorder (8 of 12 for women, 10 of 12 for men). The results of the regression analysis, corrected for general and occupational characteristics, indicated that sleep disorder was significantly correlated with the following categories of job-related stress: discrimination experience (OR 3.37, 95 % CI = 2.49 ~ 4.56 in women, OR 1.96, 95 % CI = 1.53 ~ 2.51 in men), direct customer confrontation (OR 2.72, 95 % CI = 1.91 ~ 3.86 in women, OR 1.99, 95 % CI = 1.45 ~ 2.72 in men), emotional stress (OR 2.01, 95 % CI = 1.30 ~ 3.09 in men), work dissatisfaction (detailed) (OR 1.99, 95 % CI = 1.36 ~ 2.93 in men), work dissatisfaction (overall) (OR 2.30, 95 % CI = 1.66 ~ 3.20 in women, OR 2.40, 95 % CI = 1.88 ~ 3.08 in men), expression of opinion difficulty (OR 0.66, 95 % CI = 0.48 ~ 0.92 in women, OR 0.57, 95 % CI = 0.45 ~ 0.73 in men).

Conclusion

A number of studies have reported that stress affects sleep disorder. In this study, many factors suspected to increase the risk of sleep disorder were added to previously known job stress factors. In particular, this study found a strong correlation between work-associated sleep disorder and relational and organizational job stress factors. Sleep disorder may lead to large decreases in workers’ quality of life and work efficiency. Awareness and interventions are therefore required to reduce workplace stress; additional research of this topic is also required.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40557-016-0131-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.


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Research Article
The association between Korean workers’ presenteeism and psychosocial factors within workplaces
Yun-Sik Cho, Jae Bum Park, Kyung-Jong Lee, Kyoung-Bok Min, Chul-In Baek
Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:41.   Published online September 7, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0124-1
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Presenteeism, a concept that has recently undergone active study, is the act of attending work while sick. This study investigates the association between presenteeism and various psychosocial factors within workplaces.

Methods

This study analyzed 29246 wage earners from the third Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS, 2011) data using the logistic regression analysis to investigate the association between presenteeism and various psychosocial factors within workplaces.

Results

Among the 29246 wage earners, 6347 (21.7 %) showed presenteeism. Those who experienced age discrimination at work (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.77: 95 % CI 1.56–2.00), educational background discrimination (aOR 1.35: 95 % CI 1.22–1.51), regional discrimination (aOR 1.55: 95 % CI 1.31–1.83), sexual discrimination (aOR 1.65: 95 % CI 1.41–1.94), employment type discrimination (aOR 2.13: 95 % CI 1.89–2.40), physical violence (aOR 1.92: 95 % CI 1.45–2.55), sexual harassment (aOR 2.90: 95 % CI 2.01–4.19), job insecurity (aOR 1.36: 95 % CI 1.18–1.56), work–life imbalance (aOR 1.38: 95 % CI 1.29–1.47), low job satisfaction (aOR 2.04: 95 % CI 1.91–2.17), no colleague support (aOR 1.11: 95 % CI 1.02–1.21), job stress (aOR 1.89: 95 % CI 1.76–2.02), emotional labor (aOR 1.50: 95 % CI 1.41–1.60), high work intensity (aOR 1.31: 95 % CI 1.23–1.38), and 3 groups of job strain that are passive group (aOR 1.09: 95 % CI 1.00–1.18), active group (aOR 1.39: 95 % CI 1.28–1.51), and high strain group (aOR 1.35: 95 % CI 1.24–1.46) showed an increased risk of presenteeism compared to their respective counterparts (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The study results confirmed the association between presenteeism and various psychosocial factors within workplaces. Considering that presenteeism negatively affects productivity and the mental and physical health of individuals, managing various psychosocial factors within workplaces is proposed to reduce presenteeism.


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Research Article
A study on the relationship between job stress and nicotine dependence in Korean workers
Seung Rak Son, Byeong Moo Choe, Seong Hwan Kim, Young Seoub Hong, Byoung Gwon Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:27.   Published online June 10, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0113-4
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Nicotine dependence and its severity are often determined by individuals’ psychosocial factors.This study purposed to analyze how Korean workers’ job stress is related with their nicotine dependence according to demographic and occupational characteristics in order to reduce smoking related to job stress and to establish objective indicators to be used in developing adequate smoking cessation strategies.

Methods

The subjects of this study were 4,639 workers who replied to the questionnaire survey. In addition, 1,948 current smokers were separated from non-smokers and ex-smokers, and the relationship between job stress and nicotine dependence was analyzed with the current smoker group. Nicotine dependence was tested using Fagerström’s Test of Nicotine Dependence, and stress was measured using a questionnaire on subjective stress felt by workers in their daily life and the short form of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale.

Results

The smoking rate was 54.1 % among men and 2.5 % among women. Nicotine dependence was significantly different according to interpersonal conflict, organization system and lack of reward (p < 0.05). As multivariate logistic analysis, job control, occupational climate and total stress score were statistical significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Job stress was found to be related with smoking status and nicotine dependence. Based on this result, it is suggested to enhance workers’ welfare for health promotion in workplace by improving their working environment in order to reduce job stress and consequently to decrease the smoking rate.


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    Hao Lin, Changping Liu, Yuying Sun, Yihua Liu, Lanchao Zhang, Chengqian Zhang, Ying Ji, Wangnan Cao, Chun Chang
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    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(22): 15220.     CrossRef
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Review
Review of carcinogenicity of asbestos and proposal of approval standards of an occupational cancer caused by asbestos in Korea
Sanghyuk Im, Kan-woo Youn, Donghee Shin, Myeoung-jun Lee, Sang-Jun Choi
Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:34.   Published online December 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0080-1
AbstractAbstract PDF

Carcinogenicity of asbestos has been well established for decades and it has similar approval standards in most advanced countries based on a number of studies and international meetings. However, Korea has been lagging behind such international standards. In this study, we proposed the approval standards of an occupational cancer due to asbestos through intensive review on the Helsinki Criteria, post-Helsinki studies, job exposure matrix (JEM) based on the analysis of domestic reports and recognized occupational lung cancer cases in Korea. The main contents of proposed approval standards are as follows; ① In recognizing an asbestos-induced lung cancer, diagnosis of asbestosis should be based on CT. In addition, initial findings of asbestosis on CT should be considered. ② High Exposure industries and occupations to asbestos should be also taken into account in Korea ③ An expert’s determination is warranted in case of a worker who has been concurrently exposed to other carcinogens, even if the asbestos exposure duration is less than 10 years. ④ Determination of a larynx cancer due to asbestos exposure has the same approval standards with an asbestos-induced lung cancer. However, for an ovarian cancer, an expert’s judgment is necessary even if asbestosis, pleural plaque or pleural thickening and high concentration asbestos exposure are confirmed. ⑤ Cigarette smoking status or the extent should not affect determination of an occupational cancer caused by asbestos as smoking and asbestos have a synergistic effect in causing a lung cancer and they are involved in carcinogenesis in a complicated manner.


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  • Assessing trends and burden of occupational exposure to asbestos in the United States: a comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2019
    Xujun Li, Xin Su, Li Wei, Junhang Zhang, Donglei Shi, Zhaojun Wang
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Sooyong Roh, Soyong Park, Gyeong Tae, Jaechul Song
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 7 Download
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Research Article
Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory as related factor for post traumatic stress disorder symptoms according to job stress level in experienced firefighters: 5–year study
In-Sung Chung, Mi-Young Lee, Sung-Won Jung, Chang-Wook Nam
Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:16.   Published online June 5, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0067-y
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

As first responders to an increasing number of natural and manmade disasters, active-duty firefighters are at increased risk for physical and psychiatric impairment as reflected by high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Because little is known about related factor with PTSD according to job stress level among firefighters, we assessed utility of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) using 5-year medical surveillance.

Methods

Data were analyzed from 185 male firefighters without psychiatric disease history and who at assessments in 2006 and 2011 completed all questionnaires on personal behaviors (including exercise, drinking and smoking habits) and job history (including job duration and department). MMPI, Events Scale-Revised-Korean version (IES-R-K) and Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF) were used to screen for personality trait, PTSD symptom presence and job stress level, respectively. IES-R-K subgroups were compared using two-sample t- and χ2 tests, and factors influencing IES-R-K according to KOSS-SF were determined using uni- and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

Mean age and job duration were higher in PTSD-positive than negative groups. In multivariate analysis, increased PTSD risk was associated with: job duration (Odds ratio (OR) = 1.064, 95 % CI 1.012–1.118) for firefighters overall; masculinity-femininity (OR = 5.304, 95 % CI 1.191–23.624) and job duration (OR = 1.126, 95 % CI 1.003–1.265) for lower job stress level; and social introversion (OR = 3.727, 95 % CI 1.096–12.673) for higher job stress level.

Conclusions

MMPI relates with PTSD according to job stress level among experienced firefighters. Masculinity-femininity and social introversion were the strongest related factor for PTSD symptom development in low and high job stress levels, respectively.


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    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(3): 1565.     CrossRef
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    Yoshikazu Noda, Kenichi Asano, Eiji Shimizu, Yoshiyuki Hirano
    Comprehensive Psychiatry.2022; 116: 152327.     CrossRef
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    Elpidoforos S. Soteriades, Paris Vogazianos, Federica Tozzi, Athos Antoniades, Eleftheria C. Economidou, Lilia Psalta, George Spanoudis
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Research Article
Effect of maternal job strain during pregnancy on infant neurodevelopment by gender at 6 and 12 months: Mothers and Children’s Environmental Health (MOCEH) study
Eunjeong Kim, HyeSook Park, Yun-Chul Hong, Mina Ha, Yangho Kim, Bo-Eun Lee, Eun-Hee Ha
Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:8.   Published online March 20, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0059-y
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

Limited evidence is available regarding the association between prenatal job strain and infant neurodevelopment. Most studies used stress indicators other than job strain to explain the relationship between prenatal maternal stress and child development. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between maternal job strain during pregnancy and neurodevelopment in infancy.

Methods

Mothers and Children’s Environmental Health (MOCEH) study, an on-going prospective birth cohort study, has been conducted in South Korea since 2006. Job strain during pregnancy was measured using Korean version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Infant neurodevelopment was assessed using Korean Bayley Scale of Infant Development II (K-BSID-II) at 6 and 12 months of age. A total of 343 mother-child pairs that completed JCQ and K-BSID-II more than once were included. Mental Developmental Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) defined in the K-BSID-II were used as outcome variables.

Results

Compared to infants from mothers with low job strain, significant (p < 0.05) decreases in PDI were found in infants from mothers with active and passive job at 6 months of age. After stratification by infant sex, boys in the high strain group had a lower MDI score than boys in the low job strain group at 12 months. On the other hand, girls in the high strain and active groups had higher MDI scores than girls in the low job strain group at 12 months. PDI at 12 months also showed different results by sex. Boys in the high strain and passive job groups had lower PDI scores than boys in the low job strain group. However, such difference was not observed in girls.

Conclusions

The findings of this study suggest that prenatal job strain affects infant neurodevelopment in a gender-dependent manner.


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    Surabhi Shah, Kyoung Sook Jeong, Hyesook Park, Yun-Chul Hong, Yangho Kim, Byungmi Kim, Namsoo Chang, Suejin Kim, Yeni Kim, Bung-Nyun Kim, Hojang Kwon, Sanghyuk Bae, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Jong-Han Leem, Eun-Kyo Park, Hyunjoo Joo, Bohyun Park, Mina Ha, Eunhee Ha
    Environment International.2020; 137: 105547.     CrossRef
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Research Article
The association between shift work and hyperuricemia in steelmaking male workers
Jae-Seok Oh, Won-Jun Choi, Min-Kee Lee, Sung-Woo Han, Seung-Ho Song, Jong-Wan Yun, Sang-Hwan Han
Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:42.   Published online November 4, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0042-z
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the association between shift work and hyperuricemia among steel company workers.

Methods

We examined 1,029 male workers at a Korean steel company between June 6 and June 28, 2013. We conducted anthropometric measurements, questionnaire surveys, and blood tests. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric acid concentration of ≥7.0 mg/dL. Logistic regression analyses were performed. In the full model, analysis was adjusted for covariates including age, body mass index, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for all models.

Results

The participants included 276 daytime workers and 753 shift workers. Among daytime workers, 72 (26.1%) individuals had hyperuricemia, as did 282 (37.5%) individuals among shift workers (p <0.001). There was a statistically significant association between shift work and hyperuricemia. In the unadjusted model, the OR of shift work was 1.70 (95% CI 1.25-2.31) for hyperuricemia. In the full model, the OR of shift work was also statistically significant after adjustment for covariates (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.02-1.96).

Conclusions

Among male steel workers, a significant association between shift work and hyperuricemia was observed.


Citations

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Original Article
Relationship between an amount of Key Tasks and Job Satisfaction among Caregivers and Nurses in Elderly Care Facilities
Hiruta, Shuichi , Shimaoka, Midori , Tatsumi, Asami , Ono, Yuichiro , Iida, Tadayuki , Hori, Fumiko
Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:24.   Published online August 22, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0024-1
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study is to examine relationship between an amount of key tasks and job satisfaction among caregivers and nurses in elderly care facilities.
METHODS
Questionnaires were mailed to the caring staff of elderly care facilities. After data collection (return rate 70%), information about work situations and health conditions were analyzed among 325 female workers, who were classified to 4 groups as follows; (1) caregivers under 40 years of age (2) caregivers of 40 years or over (3) nurses under 40 years of age (4) nurses of 40 years or over.
RESULTS
Mean ages and length of career in caring sector were 37.2 +/- 12.2 yr and 4.5 +/- 3.0 yr for caregivers and 41.6 +/- 9.2 yr and 16.8 +/- 8.9 yr for nurses, respectively. A larger amount of care services were done on average by workers being dissatisfied with their job than by the satisfied workers in each of the 4 groups. The dissatisfied caregivers under 40 years showed significantly higher frequencies (as ratios of 1.4 - 2 to 1) in several care services such as "helping with showers or baths", "helping with eating", "changing diapers", "moving caretakers from bed or chair to wheelchair or vice versa", as compared with the satisfied caregivers under 40 years. Similarly, the 40 plus dissatisfied caregivers helped caretakers sit up in bed significantly more frequently. For nurses, on the other hand, "changing diapers" was found as the only service with a significant difference in frequency between the dissatisfied and the satisfied, but that was limited in the 40 plus age group. A frequency of "changing diapers" was associated with an increase in the risk of job dissatisfaction.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggested that an appropriate amount of each key task in elderly care facilities should be set to prevent staff's dissatisfaction with their job from growing excessively.

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Research Article
Relationship between Psychosocial Risk Factors and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Public Hospital Nurses in Malaysia
Nur Azma Amin, Rusli Nordin, Quek Kia Fatt, Rahim M Noah, Jennifer Oxley
Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:23.   Published online August 9, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0023-2
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objective

This study examined the relationships between psychosocial work factors and risk of WRMSDs among public hospital nurses in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 660 public hospital nurses. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on the occurrence of WRMSDs according to body regions, socio-demographic profiles, occupational information and psychosocial risk factors. 468 questionnaires were returned (response rate of 71%), and 376 questionnaires qualified for subsequent analysis. Univariate analyses were applied to test for mean and categorical differences across the WRMSDs; multiple logistic regression was applied to predict WRMSDs based on the Job Strain Model’s psychosocial risk factors.

Results

Over two thirds of the sample of nurses experienced discomfort or pain in at least one site of the musculoskeletal system within the last year. The neck was the most prevalent site (48.94%), followed by the feet (47.20%), the upper back (40.69%) and the lower back (35.28%). More than 50% of the nurses complained of having discomfort in region one (neck, shoulders and upperback) and region four (hips, knees, ankles, and feet). The results also revealed that psychological job demands, job strain and iso-strain ratio demonstrated statistically significant mean differences (p < 0.05) between nurses with and without WRMSDs. According to univariate logistic regression, all psychosocial risk factors illustrated significant association with the occurrence of WRMSDs in various regions of the body (OR: 1.52–2.14). Multiple logistic regression showed all psychosocial risk factors were significantly associated with WRMSDs across body regions (OR: 1.03–1.19) except for region 1 (neck, shoulders and upper back) and region 4 (hips, knees, ankles, and feet). All demographic variables except for years of employment were statistically and significantly associated with WRMSDs (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The findings indicated the high prevalence of WRMSDs in many body regions, and the risks of developing WRMSDs according to the various body regions were associated with important psychosocial risk factors based on the job strain model. These findings have implications for the management of WRMSDs among public hospital nurses in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.


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Research Article
Relationship between Work Hours and Smoking Behaviors in Korean Male Wage Workers
Sung-Mi Jang, Eun-hee Ha, Hyesook Park, Eunjeong Kim, Kyunghee Jung-Choi
Ann Occup Environ Med 2013;25:35.   Published online November 19, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-25-35
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

The purposes of this study are 1) to measure the prevalence of smoking according to weekly work hours by using data from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS), and 2) to explain the cause of high smoking prevalence among those with short or long work hours by relative explanatory fraction.

Methods

Data from a total of 2,044 male subjects who responded to the questionnaire in the 10th year (2007) and 11th year (2008) of the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study were used for analysis. Current smoking, smoking cessation, continuous smoking, start of smoking, weekly work hours, occupational characteristics, sociodemographic and work-related factors, and health behavior-related variables were analyzed. Log-binomial regression analysis was used to study the relationship between weekly work hours and smoking behaviors in terms of the prevalence ratio.

Results

The 2008 age-adjusted smoking prevalence was 64.9% in the short work hours group, 54.7% in the reference work hours group, and 60.6% in the long work hours group. The smoking prevalence of the short work hours group was 1.39 times higher than that of the reference work hours group (95% confidence interval of 1.17-1.65), and this was explained by demographic variables and occupational characteristics. The smoking prevalence of the long work hours group was 1.11 times higher than that of the reference work hours group when the age was standardized (95% confidence interval of 1.03-1.19). This was explained by demographic variables. No independent effects of short or long work hours were found when the variables were adjusted.

Conclusion

Any intervention program to decrease the smoking prevalence in the short work hours group must take into account employment type, job satisfaction, and work-related factors.


Citations

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    Mohamad moafak Hariri, Mohammed Moutaz Alshaghel, Mohamad Aref Dabbas, Muawia Alhasan, Mohamad Yazan Hamwi, Asaad Nazmi Alrefai, Alaa Kourdy, Mohamed Naji Sajee, Ahmad Kadan, Abdullah Khoury
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    Yushi Lu, Zhi Li, Qingsong Chen, Yuting Fan, Jin Wang, Yonghao Ye, Yongqi Chen, Tian Zhong, Ling Wang, Ying Xiao, Dongmei Zhang, Xi Yu
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    Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
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Research Article
Association between work-related health problems and job insecurity in permanent and temporary employees
Won-Wook Lee, Jae-Bum Park, Kyoung-Bok Min, Kyung-Jong Lee, Min-Su Kim
Ann Occup Environ Med 2013;25:15.   Published online September 11, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-25-15
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

This research was conducted with an aim of determining the correlation between job insecurity and an employee’s work-related health problems among permanent and temporary workers.

Methods

Using the data from the First Korean Working Conditions Survey conducted in 2006, a total of 7,071 workers, excluding employers and the self-employed, were analyzed. Work-related health problems were categorized as backache, headache, abdominal pain, muscular pain, stress, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety or depression. Each problem was then analyzed for its relationship to job insecurity through logistic regression analysis.

Results

Among the 7,071 workers, 5,294 (74.9%) were permanent workers and 1,777 (25.1%) were temporary workers. For the permanent workers, presence of high or moderate job insecurity appeared more closely linked to backache, headache, abdominal pain, muscular pain, stress, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, and depression compared to absence of job insecurity. However, for the temporary workers, only depression appeared to be associated with the presence of high job insecurity.

Conclusion

The study showed that the presence of job insecurity is correlated with work-related health problems. The deleterious effects of job insecurity appeared to be stronger in permanent than temporary workers. Additional research should investigate ways to effectively reduce job insecurity.


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Research Article
Relationship between Occupational Stress and Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Korean Male Firefighters
Min Gi Kim, Kyoo-Sang Kim, Jae-Hong Ryoo, Seung-Won Yoo
Ann Occup Environ Med 2013;25:9.   Published online July 4, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-25-9
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

A growing body of literature has documented that job stress is associated with the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). However, the association of WMSDs with job stress has not yet been fully studied in Korean male firefighters. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of WMSDs in almost all Korean male firefighters and to clarify the effect of job stress on the occurrence of WMSDs.

Methods

The study design was cross-sectional, and 21,466 firefighters were recruited. The study design included a structured questionnaire to assess general characteristics, the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (optional KOSS-26), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), and WMSDs. The chi-square test, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to look for a correlation between general characteristics and job stress, and the occurrence of WMSD.

Results

Back pain is the most common WMSD. Among the job stress subgroup, physical environment, job demands, organizational system, occupational climate, lack of reward and job insecurity were related to the occurrence of WMSDs. However, insufficient job control and interpersonal conflict were not related to the occurrence of WMSDs.

Conclusion

Job stress was related to the occurrence of WMSDs in Korean male firefighters. To reduce the occurrence of WMSDs, a job stress management program may be required.


Citations

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Original Article
The Relationship between the Korean Occupational Stress Scale and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness among Male Firefighters
Sang Jun Park, Dong Kyun Lim, Mi Young Lee, In Sung Chung
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(4):420-430.   Published online December 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.4.420
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study examined the relationship between job stress and the common carotid intima-media thickness as an indicator of atherosclerosis (cardiovascular disease) among male firefighters in a metropolitan city.
METHODS
Between November and December 2011, a total of 838 participants were analyzed using a questionnaire, which included the participants' general characteristics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, and job stress. Job stress was measured using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF). The job stress data was merged with the clinical laboratory data and common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) by a medical examination. The relationship between job stress and the CIMT was examined by multiple logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
Multiple logistic regression analyses adjusted for the general and cardiovascular risk factors revealed, the organizational system (adjusted OR 1.381 95% CI=1.005~1.898) to be associated with the right CIMT. Multiple logistic regression analyses adjusted for general and cardiovascular risk factors and job types, the occupational climate (adjusted OR 1.392, 95% CI=1.009~1.922) was also associated with the right CIMT.
CONCLUSIONS
The level of job stress, particularly in regard to the organizaional system, shows a correlation with the right CIMT. Therefore, further preventive efforts and studies of firefighters will be needed to reduce job stress and help prevent cardiovascular disease.

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Original Article
Association between Job-related Factors and Musculoskeletal Symptoms in University Hospital Healthcare Workers
Yoonbum Choi, Soo Jin Lee, Jae Chul Song, Kyu Jung Bae, Hwanjin Park
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(3):217-228.   Published online September 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.3.217
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in university hospital healthcare workers and to evaluate the job-related factors that affect musculoskeletal symptoms.
METHODS
A questionnaire was administered to health care workers who work at the university hospital. The self-reported questionnaire included the following information: general characteristics, health behaviors, job-related factors, depression symptom, ergonomic factor, job stress, and musculoskeletal symptoms. Ergonomic factor was measured by ANSI Z-365, depression symptom by CES-D, job stress by KOSS-26 and musculoskeletal symptoms by NIOSH questionnaire.
RESULTS
A total of 1,198(64.2%) of 1,842 respondents answered and 1,183 were included in the final study population. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was 53.3%. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms of males and females was 25.6% and 63.9%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, total job stress score(OR=3.05, 95% CI=1.62~5.74), depression symptom(OR=2.18, 95% CI=1.07~4.43), ANSI Z-365 high risk group(OR=5.33, 95% CI=2.08~13.66) in males and total job stress score(OR=2.14, 95% CI=1.53~3.00), three-shift work(OR=1.81, 95% CI=1.26~2.60), nurses(OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.22~2.73), and ANSI Z-365 high risk group(OR=3.33, 95% CI=1.58~7.03) in females were significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
Shift work, nurses, ANSI Z-365 high risk group, depression symptom and job stress were related with musculoskeletal symptoms. In order to prevent musculoskeletal disorders, ergonomic improvements and stress reduction are required.

Citations

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    Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh, Saleh Al Sulaie, Saeid Yazdanirad, Robin Marc Orr, Fereydoon Laal
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Eunkwang Ryu, Byeongjin Ye, Youngil Yi, Jungwon Kim
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Original Article
Influence of Job Stress Change on Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference among Male White-Collar Workers: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study
Jiwon Kim, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Se Eun Kim, Sung Mi Jang, Jung Wan Koo
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(2):180-188.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.2.180
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To reveal the influence of job stress change on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in white-collar male workers.
METHODS
A total of 277 male workers in a Korean R&D company were enrolled between 2008 and 2010. Baseline and follow-up data were collected with structured self-administered questionnaires and anthropometric measurements by nurses. The questionnaire survey included general and work-related characteristics and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF). The job stress scores in each examination were dichotomized at the median values for the Korean workers and categorized into four groups as follows: Group I: Both low job stress (2008, 2010), Group II: High job stress (2008) & low job stress (2010), Group III: Low job stress (2008) & high job stress (2010), Group IV: Both high job stress (2008, 2010). Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to determine the influence of job stress change on BMI and waist circumference.
RESULTS
The adjusted odds ratio for the change in waist circumference above the 75th percentile for Group IV in 'job demand' increased more than in Group I (OR = 2.54 95% CI=1.06~5.55). Also, Group IV in 'job demand' has higher odds ratio for change in BMI above the 75th percentile than Group I (OR=2.25 95% CI=1.01~5.00). Adjusted odds ratios comparing Group II to Group I for the change in waist circumference above the 75th percentile were 0.36 (95% CI=0.15~0.87) in 'inadequate social support', 0.12 (95% CI=0.02~0.98) in 'lack of reward', 0.25 (95% CI=0.08~0.80) in 'total score', respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that sustained high job control is a risk factor for abdominal obesity and weight gain. Also, diminished job stress has a negative influence on change in abdominal obesity. Further studies are required to establish job stress intervention plans.

Citations

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  • The association between occupational stress level and health-related productivity loss among Korean employees
    Jonghee Chung, Jin-Hyo Kim, Jae Yoon Lee, Hee Seok Kang, Dong-wook Lee, Yun-Chul Hong, Mo-Yeol Kang
    Epidemiology and Health.2022; 45: e2023009.     CrossRef
  • Factors affecting on stages of change in exercise behavior of local government officials based on Transtheoretical Model
    Min-ju Je, Bohyun Park
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2021; 38(5): 21.     CrossRef
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    Eun Kyung Lee, Jin-Hwa Park
    Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2016; 7(3): 15.     CrossRef
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    Bo-Ram Kim, Sun-Wook Park, Han-Suk Lee
    The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy.2015; 27(6): 419.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The Relationship between Temperament, Character and Job Stress of Researchers in Science and Engineering Colleges
Hwanjin Park, Koun Seok Lee, Yoonbum Choi, Kyungeun Park, Soo Jin Lee, Jaechul Song
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(2):145-157.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.2.145
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to investigate the job stress level of post-graduate students in schools of natural sciences and engineering in order to evaluate the relationship between temperament, character and job stress.
METHODS
All the 254 subjects were interviewed by means of a structured questionnaire, KOSS-SF and TCI-RS. Among them, only 220 were eligible for analysis. Statistical methods used included chi-square test, independent t-test, Mann Whitney test, ANOVA test, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis with PASW ver.18.
RESULTS
Age, degree course, working hours per week, work tenure, smoking habits, exercise, and disease history were associated with job stress and hours worked per week, smoking being associated with TCI-RS subscales. For job demand, interpersonal conflict scores were higher than Korean standard. In multiple linear regression analyses, R2 scores of temperament subscales on job stress were 0.099~0.312 and those of character subscales on job stress were 0.056~0.249.
CONCLUSIONS
Job stress was associated with the unique traits of individuals, temperament and character. In order to manage job stress, the personality, as well as work environment, was found to be important considerations.

Citations

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  • Dietary Life, Vitamin D Status and Blood Clinical Indices of University Laboratory Workers
    Jung Hyun Hwang, Hong Mie Lee, Jung Hee Kim
    Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2019; 24(3): 245.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The Problem Drinking and Related Factors in Female Firefighters
Seung Won Yoo, Kyoo Sang Kim, Chung Yill Park, Min Gi Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(2):124-132.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.2.124
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate problem drinking and analyze factors associated with alcohol use among female firefighters, as well as to provide useful data for management of alcohol use by female firefighters.
METHODS
The study includeed 1,587 female firefighters from throught Koea. Data were collected from June to July in 2008 using self-administered questionnaires including a general questionnaire, work related questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Korean Occupational Stress Scale Short Form (KOSS-26), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD). Among 1,263 female firefighters (75.6%) surveyed, the results of 1,084 qualified questionnaires (70.5%) were analyzed using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression.
RESULTS
The prevalence of problem drinking (AUDIT score > or =8) in female firefighters was 12.5%. Multiple logistic analysis showed that being single, smoking and depression were correlated with problem drinking. Single female firefighter, present smokers and individuals positive for symptoms of depression had OR values of 2.11, 17.58 and 1.76, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Three factors were found to influnce the occurrence of problem drinking. Accordingly, smoking related education, counseling to cope effectively with depression and health promotion programs that consider psychological effects of job stress are needed to reduce work related factors that lead to problem drinking by female firefighters.

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Original Article
The Relationship of Physical and Psychosocial Risk Factors to Work-related Musculoskeletal Upper Extremity Symptoms amongst Male Automobile Manufacturing Workers
Ki Hyun Lee, Jin Ha Yoon, Sung Kyung Kim, In Jung Cho, Sung Soo Oh, Sung Hoon Kim, Sei Jin Chang, Bong Suk Cha, Sang Baek Koh
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(1):72-85.   Published online March 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.1.72
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of physical and psychosocial risk factors to work-related musculoskeletal upper extremity symptoms amongst automobile manufacturing workers.
METHODS
The cross-sectional study was conducted using male automobile manufacturing workers in order to examine the relationship of physical and psychosocial risk factors to work-related musculoskeletal upper extremity symptoms. A total of 1,793 male workers were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding general characteristics, health related behaviors, work-related characteristics, job stress, ergonomic risk factors, and the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms (neck, shoulder, arm, and hand). Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms were evaluated using the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) surveillance criteria. In order to measure the physical risk factors, the American National Standard Institute (ANSI) Z-365 Quick checklist was incorporated into the questionnaire. Job stressors were measured using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS). A binary logistic regression analysis was performed that examined the relationship of physical and psychosocial risk factors to musculoskeletal symptoms.
RESULTS
The result showed that the physical and psychosocial risk factors were associated with musculoskeletal upper extremity symptoms. The workers with high physical risk factors reported more musculoskeletal symptoms than those having low physical risk factors (OR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.56~3.62). The workers with high job stress were more likely to have an increased risk of musculoskeletal upper extremity symptom compared to those with normal job stress (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 2.03~3.47). A significant relationship between the combined effects of physical and psychosocial risk factors on musculoskeletal upper extremity symptoms was also found. The workers exposed to high physical risk factors, high job stress, and long working hours were more likely to report musculoskeletal symptoms than those having low physical risk factors, normal job stress and moderate working hours(OR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.56~3.62).
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that some physical and psychosocial risk factors increase the risk of work-related musculoskeletal upper extremity symptoms amongst automobile manufacturing workers. In order to prevent or reduce musculoskeletal disorders amongst automobile manufacturing workers, it is strongly recommended to manage the physical psychosocial risks occurring in the workplace.

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    BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye, Tesfaye Hambisa Mekonnen, Mekuriaw Alemayehu, Giziew Abere, Redha Taiar
    Pain Research and Management.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • Effect of an Active Tailored Exercise Program on Pain and Oswestry Disability Index in Automobile Manufacturing Workers with Musculoskeletal Symptoms of the Low Back
    Won-Ho Kim
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    Il-Ho Kwon, Won-Seob Shin
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    Jeong Min Yi, Gwang Suk Kim
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  • Associations between Job Stress and Work-related Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Street Sanitation Workers
    Hye-Jin Kim, Kyung-Ja June, Gyeyoung Shin, Jina Choo
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2013; 24(3): 314.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The Relationship between Job Stress and the Will to Cease Tobacco Smoking for Small and Medium Scale Industry Male workers
Seung Jun Lee, Shin Goo Park, Hwan Cheol Kim, Dong Hoon Lee, Gi Woong Kim, Jong Han Leem, Seong Hwan Jeon, Yong Seok Heo
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(1):33-39.   Published online March 31, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.1.33
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress and the willingness of male workers in small and medium scale industry to cease smoking.
METHODS
A structured self-reported questionnaire was used to assess each respondent's socio-demographics, job stress, and the will to cease smoking. A KOSS (Korean Occupational Stress Scale)- based questionnaire survey was conducted which targeted 4,435 male workers at 69 small and medium scale industries. 2,840 men returned these questionnaires with 1,663 of them being smokers. We analyzed 1,345 of the smoker returns. We estimated the relationship between the will to cease smoking and the employee job stress factors using logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS
After adjusting for education, exercise, and tobacco use per day, the logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly positive association with the will to cease smoking and job stress. The odds ratios regarding insufficient job control were at 1.69 (95% CI, 1.26~2.27), organizational system at 1.37 (95% CI, 1.03~1.82), and lack of reward at 1.37 (95% CI, 1.03~1.82).
CONCLUSIONS
These results indicated that job stress may play a significant role in the will to cease smoking. Further preventive efforts and studies are needed in order to reduce job stress.

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  • Effects of a Worksite-Based Self-Management Program in Traditional Retail Market Workers: Longitudinal Associations with Metabolic Parameters
    Yeon-Ha Kim, Seong-Yong Yoon
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(5): 2854.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Job Stress on Smoking and Cessation of Hospital Male Employee
    JunHyung Lee, Eon Sook Lee, Dong Jun Kim, Seon Young Kweon
    Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.2016; 7(1): 19.     CrossRef
  • Factors related to Suicide Ideation among Middle School Students
    Hyun-Suk Yoon, Kwon-Suk Ahn, Young-Chae Cho
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(3): 2047.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Job Stress and Smoking Behaviors among Small Scale Manufacturing Male Workers
    Eun-Sook Shin, Young-Chae Cho
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(12): 8509.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The Relationship between the Korean Occupational Stress Scale and Pulse Wave Velocity among Male Firefighters
Hyun Jun Jeon, Sang Jun Park, Dong Hoon Shin, In Sung Chung, Mi Young Lee
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(4):450-462.   Published online December 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.4.450
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress and the pulse wave velocity as an indicator of vessel stiffness among male firefighters in a metropolitan city.
METHODS
In November and December 2008, a total of 404 participants were analyzed. The questionnaire survey included the participants' general characteristics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, and job stress. Job stress was measured using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS). We merged the job stress data with clinical laboratory data and brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) by conducting medical surveillance. We measured the relationship of job stress to baPWV by using a logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, the baPWV was significantly higher in the groups possessing high levels of job insecurity (OR=2.17, 95% CI=1.06~4.42).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that the level of job stress, especially in regards to job insecurity, was directly related to the baPWV. Therefore, further preventive efforts and studies in regards to firefighters are needed in order to reduce job stress and thereby help to prevent cardiovascular disease.

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  • Firefighters’ occupational stress and its correlations with cardiorespiratory fitness, arterial stiffness, heart rate variability, and sleep quality
    Young-Sook Yook, Kiyoshi Sanada
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(12): e0226739.     CrossRef
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Original Article
The Relationship between Job Stress and hsCRP
Jong Heon Lee, Tae Won Chang, Young Jun Kwon, Yong Kyu Kim, Sang Chul Ryu, In Suk Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(3):261-269.   Published online September 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.3.261
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
We wanted to investigate the relationship between job stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins (hsCRP) with a view to using them as a predictor of future cardiovascular events.
METHODS
The study subjects were 155 male bank workers. A structured, self-assesment questionnaire was used to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics and job stress of the participants. Seven levels of job stress, as described in the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF), were used to categorized the participants. We included tests for blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, blood lipid level (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides), and hsCRP in our analysis. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to determine an association between job stress and cardiovascular risk factors including hsCRP.
RESULTS
In the multiple logistic regression analyses adjusted for general and job characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors, interpersonal conflict (adjusted OR 1.69, 95% CI=1.11~2.57), job insecurity (adjusted OR 1.94, 95% CI=1.24~3.03) and, occupational climate (adjusted OR 1.89, 95% CI=1.19~3.01) were associated with hsCRP.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that job stress is associated with hsCRP which is a predictor of future cardiovascular events.

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  • Association between shift work and inflammatory markers in workers at an electronics manufacturing company
    Sung-Joon Woo, Chang-Ho Chae, Jae-Won Lim
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of arginase I or nitric oxide-related factors with job strain in healthy workers
    Keiki Ogino, Tatsuo Ito, Eri Eguchi, Kenjiro Nagaoka, Markus M. Bachschmid
    PLOS ONE.2017; 12(4): e0175696.     CrossRef
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Original Article
Job Stress and Self-perceived Fatigue in Korean Farmers
Ki Hyun Lee, Sang Baek Koh, Dongmug Kang, Jin Joo Chung, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, In Ah Kim, Kyung Suk Lee, Sook Jung Hyun, Kang Myoung Lee, Jin Ha Yoon, Sung Kyung Kim, In Jung Cho, Jung Kyu Choi, Sung Soo Oh, Bong Suk Cha, Sei Jin Chang
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(2):213-224.   Published online June 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.2.213
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
A growing body of research has documented that job stress has a pivotal role in developing adverse health outcomes. However, little is known about the relationship between farmers' job stress and health outcomes. This study was undertaken to identify the relationship between job stress and self-perceived fatigue in Korean farmers.
METHODS
A total of 526 Korean farmers were asked to participate in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the participants' general characteristics, job stress and self-perceived fatigue. Job stress was measured using a forty-eight item Farm Stressor Inventory (FSI), and the self-perceived fatigue was estimated by Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS). Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between job stress and self-perceived fatigue.
RESULTS
The result showed that job stress was associated with self-perceived fatigue. For the farmers with high job stress, the risk of self-perceived fatigue was more likely to increase compared to those with low job stress. For males, labor intensity (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.91~7.89), job environment (OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.22~4.93), social support (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.07~4.13), social isolation (OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.15~5.60), financial problems (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.53~6.91), uncertainty (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.30~4.75) and health problems (OR, 5.77; 95% CI, 2.46~13.53) were associated with self-perceived fatigue. For females, job environment (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.22~4.08), social isolation (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.05-4.15), physical environment & weather condition (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.33~5.12), financial problems (OR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.55~5.32), uncertainty (OR, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.95~6.83) and health problems (OR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.57~7.27) were associated with self-perceived fatigue.
CONCLUSIONS
This result suggests that farmers' job stress plays a role in the development of fatigue, and job stressors related to fatigue are slightly different according to gender.

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    Seok-Joon Hwang, Ju-Seok Nam
    AgriEngineering.2024; 6(4): 4248.     CrossRef
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    Jung Shin Choi, Yoon Ji Choi, Yong Kyu Park
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2024; 35(4): 683.     CrossRef
  • Association Between Ergonomic Burden Assessed Using 20-Item Agricultural Work-Related Ergonomic Risk Questionnaire and Shoulder, Low Back, and Leg Pain in Korean Farmers
    Sora Baek, Jintae Park, Eun Kyoung Kang, Gowun Kim, Hyocher Kim, Hee-Won Park
    Journal of Agromedicine.2023; 28(3): 532.     CrossRef
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    Seok-Joon Hwang, Ju-Seok Nam
    Agriculture.2023; 13(9): 1801.     CrossRef
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    Jung Shin Choi, Choi Yoon Ji, Chae Hye Sung, Kim Ga Hee
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2022; 33(4): 717.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of stress, musculoskeletal disorders, and fatigue among broadcasting actors
    Moon-Hee Park, Ham-Gyum Kim, Hae-Kag Lee
    Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2016; 28(11): 3047.     CrossRef
  • Farmers’ Cohort for Agricultural Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (FARM) Study: Study Design, Methods, and Baseline Characteristics of Enrolled Subjects
    Hannae Jo, Sora Baek, Hee-won Park, Sang-Ah Lee, Jiyoung Moon, Jae E. Yang, Ki Sung Kim, Jee Yong Kim, Eun Kyoung Kang
    Journal of Epidemiology.2016; 26(1): 50.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Job Stress and Fatigue Symptoms among Manufacturing Male Workers
    Hu-Yeon Lee, Jong-Tae Baek, Young-Chae Cho
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(7): 543.     CrossRef
  • Examining the Relationship between Exercise and Psychological Stress among the Rural Population
    Jung-Woo Oh, Hyun-Jin Kwon, Sang-Hwa Lee, Jung-Jun Lim, Bo-Youl Choi, Mi-Kyung Kim, Yeon-Soo Kim
    The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine.2015; 33(2): 126.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Job Characteristics on Smoking and Mediating Effects of Job Stress among Older Workers
    Sungeun Lee
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2014; 31(3): 51.     CrossRef
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    Soon Chan Kwon, Soo-Jin Lee, Mihye Jeong
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2012; 55(11): 1046.     CrossRef
  • The Relation Between the Occupational Stress and Fatigue Level of Neonatal Nurses
    Eun-A Park, Jeong-Eon Park
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 261.     CrossRef
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  • 12 Crossref
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Original Article
Relationship between Job Stress and Depressive Symptoms among Field Firefighters
Tae Woo Kim, Kyoo Sang Kim, Yeon Soon Ahn
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(4):378-387.   Published online December 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.4.378
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the relationship between job stress and depressive symptoms among field firefighters.
METHODS
We carried out a survey of 17,457 field firefighters using the KOSS-24 (Korean Occupational Stress Scales-24) and CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale).
RESULTS
The mean CES-D score was 12.2+/-9.6 and 19.2% of subjects had depressive symptoms. Job insecurity (OR=2.70, 95% CI=2.45~2.98) and lack of reward (OR=2.41, 95% CI=2.18~2.65), occupational climate (OR=2.38, 95% CI=2.15~2.63) were strongly associated with depressive symptoms. Job demand (OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.69~2.10), insufficient job control (OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.03~1.25), interpersonal conflict (OR=2.05, 95% CI=1.87~2.26) and organizational system (OR=1.83, 95% CI=1.66~2.02) were also significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Alcohol dependence had a stronger association than with normal subjects (OR=2.39, 95% CI=2.07~2.77).
CONCLUSIONS
In field firefighters, job stress factors and alcohol dependence were associated with depressive symptoms. An intervention to reduce job stress and alcohol among field firefighters is needed to reduce depression in this population.

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    Hee-Chul Choi
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    Charmaine Mullins-Jaime, Aurora B. Le, Shuhan Yuan, Angela Chow, Todd D. Smith
    Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
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    Hye Ryun Yang, Kyung Eun Lim, Jinmi Seol, Sung Joon Cho, Kang-Seob Oh
    Precision and Future Medicine.2024; 8(3): 105.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the risks of occupational diseases, avoidable hospitalization, and all-cause deaths between firefighters and non-firefighters: A cohort study using national health insurance claims data
    Woo-Ri Lee, Haejong Lee, Eun Woo Nam, Jin-Won Noh, Jin-Ha Yoon, Ki-Bong Yoo
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of a mental health promotion program on Korean firefighters
    Geun Hui Won, Jin Hyeok Lee, Tae Young Choi, Seoyoung Yoon, So Yeun Kim, Ju Hyun Park
    International Journal of Social Psychiatry.2020; 66(7): 675.     CrossRef
  • Stress Relief and Related Factors in Camp Program for Firefighters
    Jungha Shin, Minyoung Sim, Junghyun H. Lee, Da Young Lee, Kyungsun Jeon, Seunga Oh, Jiae Kim, Okju Kim, Jungil Yang, Heebong Lee
    Stress.2018; 26(2): 88.     CrossRef
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    Junsu Byun, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim, Hye-Eun Lee, Se-Eun Kim, Jongin Lee
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of organisational system on self-rated depression in a panel of male municipal firefighters
    Se-Jin An, Yun Kyung Chung, Bong Hyun Kim, Kyeong Min Kwak, Jun-Seok Son, Jung-wan Koo, Young-Su Ju, Young-Jun Kwon
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correlation between Fatigue and Quality of Life Caused by Stress of Researchers' Work
    Hye Joo Park, Yun Young Kim, Ki Hyun Park, Si Woo Lee, Jong-Hyang Yoo
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2014; 23(3): 171.     CrossRef
  • Impact of symptoms of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders on health related Quality of Life in firefighter under the IT environment
    Gyung-Jae Oh, Jeong-Mi Lee, Chung-Yong Yang, Hyung-Ju Park, Yun-Hee Park, Chan-Uk Yoo, Eun-Yeong Kang, Bok-Hee Chong
    The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2014; 9(3): 311.     CrossRef
  • Relationships of Job Stress, Fatigue & Depression among one Ship-building Supply Workers
    Sang-Dol Kim
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(5): 2789.     CrossRef
  • The Associated Domains of Job Stress for the Depression among Local Public Officials
    Hyun-Hee Park, So-Yeon Ryu, Bo-Eun Kim, In-Ae Chun, Myung-Guon Kim
    The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2013; 8(9): 1373.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Occupational Stress and Depression of Construction Workers
    Mi-Ra Lee
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 279.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Perception of Job Stress and Stress Coping Style on Mental Health of Firefighters
    Ho Jin Lee, Hee Sook Kim, Sang Yeon Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 315.     CrossRef
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