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- Research Article Factors Related to Sleep Disorders among Male Firefighters
- Dong-Kyun Lim1, Ki-Ook Baek1, In-Sung Chung1,2, Mi-Young Lee1,2
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Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2014;26:11.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-26-11
Published online: May 22, 2014
1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center of Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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• Received: December 31, 2013 • Accepted: April 23, 2014
Copyright © 2014 Lim et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Cite
XML DownloadFactors Related to Sleep Disorders among Male Firefighters
Factors Related to Sleep Disorders among Male Firefighters
| Variables | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | | |
| ≤29 | 79 | 12.0 |
| 30 ~ 39 | 221 | 33.6 |
| 40 ~ 49 | 261 | 39.7 |
| ≥50 | 96 | 14.6 |
| Tenure (years) | | |
| <10 | 280 | 42.6 |
| 10 ~ 19 | 226 | 34.4 |
| ≥20 | 151 | 23.0 |
| Marital status | | |
| Unmarried | 135 | 20.5 |
| Married | 522 | 79.5 |
| Exercise | | |
| No | 332 | 50.5 |
| Yes | 325 | 49.5 |
| Alcohol intake | | |
| No | 264 | 40.2 |
| Yes | 393 | 59.8 |
| Smoking | | |
| No | 517 | 78.7 |
| Yes | 140 | 21.3 |
| BMI* (kg/m2) | | |
| <25 | 420 | 63.9 |
| ≥25 | 237 | 36.1 |
| Department | | |
| Administrative job | 158 | 24.0 |
| Non-Administrative job | 499 | 76.0 |
| Musculoskeletal symptoms | | |
| No | 416 | 63.3 |
| Yes | 241s | 36.7 |
| Shift work | | |
| No | 143 | 21.8 |
| Yes | 514 | 78.2 |
| Sleep quality | | |
| Good | 337 | 51.3 |
| Poor | 320 | 48.7 |
| BDI-2† | | |
| Normal range | 536 | 81.6 |
| Abnormal range | 121 | 18.4 |
| PWI-SF‡ | | |
| Healthy group | 68 | 10.4 |
| Latent stress group | 482 | 73.4 |
| Stress group | 107 | 16.2 |
| Categories in the KOSS | Firefighter | Reference* |
|---|---|---|
| (Q25-Q75)† | ||
| Job demand | 43.5 (15.1) | 50.1 (41.7-58.4) |
| Insufficient job control | 48.6 (12.0) | 50.1 (41.7-66.7) |
| Interpersonal conflict | 35.8 (10.9) | 33.4 (33.3-44.5) |
| Job insecurity | 30.1 (16.7) | 50.1 (33.4-66.7) |
| Organizational system | 43.2 (12.8) | 50.1 (41.7-66.7) |
| Lack of rewards | 41.0 (12.5) | 55.6 (33.4-66.7) |
| Occupational climate | 36.7 (14.6) | 41.7 (33.4-50.1) |
| Total | 39.9 (8.8) | 48.5 (42.5-54.8) |
| | Sleep quality | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Good | Poor | p-value* |
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age (years) | | | |
| ≤29 | 38 (48.1) | 41 (51.9) | 0.003 |
| 30 ~ 39 | 96 (43.4) | 125 (56.6) | |
| 40 ~ 49 | 143 (54.8) | 118 (45.2) | |
| ≥50 | 60 (62.5) | 36 (37.5) | |
| Tenure (years) | | | |
| <10 | 133 (47.5) | 147 (52.5) | 0.007 |
| 10 ~ 19 | 110 (48.7) | 116 (51.3) | |
| ≥20 | 94 (62.3) | 57 (37.7) | |
| Marital status | | | |
| Unmarried | 66 (48.9) | 69 (51.1) | 0.531 |
| Married | 271 (51.9) | 251 (48.1) | |
| Exercise | | | |
| No | 168 (50.6) | 164 (51.3) | 0.720 |
| Yes | 169 (52.0) | 156 (48.0) | |
| Alcohol intake | | | |
| No | 148 (56.1) | 116 (43.9) | 0.045 |
| Yes | 189 (48.1) | 204 (51.9) | |
| Smoking | | | |
| No | 275 (53.2) | 242 (46.8) | 0.061 |
| Yes | 62 (44.3) | 78 (55.7) | |
| BMI (kg/m2)† | | | |
| <25 | 217 (51.7) | 203 (48.3) | 0.799 |
| ≥25 | 120 (50.6) | 117 (49.4) | |
| Department | | | |
| Administrative job | 97 (61.4) | 61 (38.6) | 0.004 |
| Non-Administrative job | 240 (48.1) | 259 (51.9) | |
| Musculoskeletal symptoms | | | |
| No | 259 (62.3) | 157 (37.7) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 78 (32.4) | 163 (67.6) | |
| Shift work | | | |
| No | 88 (61.5) | 55 (38.5) | 0.006 |
| Yes | 249 (48.4) | 265 (51.6) | |
| BDI-2‡ | | | |
| Normal range | 319 (59.5) | 217 (40.5) | <0.001 |
| Abnormal range | 18 (14.9) | 103 (85.1) | |
| PWI-SF§ | | | |
| Healthy group | 58 (85.3) | 10 (14.7) | <0.001 |
| Latent stress group | 262 (15.9) | 220 (45.6) | |
| Stress group | 17 (15.9) | 90 (84.1) | |
| | Sleep quality | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Categories in the KOSS | Good | Poor | p-value* |
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Job demand | | | |
| Low | 280 (54.9) | 230 (45.1) | 0.001 |
| High | 57 (38.8) | 90 (61.2) | |
| Insufficient job control | | | |
| Low | 240 (56.2) | 187 (43.8) | 0.001 |
| High | 97 (42.2) | 133 (57.8) | |
| Interpersonal conflict | | | |
| Low | 274 (52.4) | 249 (47.6) | 0.267 |
| High | 63 (47.0) | 71 (53.0) | |
| Job insecurity | | | |
| Low | 327 (52.2) | 299 (47.8) | 0.030 |
| High | 10 (32.3) | 21 (67.7) | |
| Organizational system | | | |
| Low | 288 (55.3) | 233 (44.7) | <0.001 |
| High | 49 (36.0) | 87 (66.2) | |
| Lack of reward | | | |
| Low | 224 (59.3) | 154 (40.7) | <0.001 |
| High | 113 (40.5) | 166 (59.5) | |
| Occupational climates | | | |
| Low | 231(60.8) | 149(39.2) | <0.001 |
| High | 106 (38.3) | 171(61.7) | |
| Total | | | |
| Low | 307 (54.6) | 255 (45.4) | <0.001 |
| High | 30 (31.6) | 65 (68.4) | |
| | | OR§ (95% CIǁ) | | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Model I* | Model II† | Model III‡ | |||
| Age (years) | | | | | | |
| ≤29 | 1.00 | | 1.00 | | 1.00 | |
| 30 ~ 39 | 1.38 | (0.82-2.34) | 1.32 | (0.77-2.29) | 1.15 | (0.63-2.01) |
| 40 ~ 49 | 0.86 | (0.52-1.44) | 0.91 | (0.53-1.55) | 0.71 | (0.41-1.24) |
| ≥50 | 0.74 | (0.39-1.40) | 0.76 | (0.40-1.47) | 0.57 | (0.28-1.14) |
| Alcohol intake | | | | | | |
| No | 1.00 | | 1.00 | | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 1.37 | (0.99-1.87) | 1.41 | (1.01-1.97) | 1.34 | (0.94-1.92) |
| Shift work | | | | | | |
| No | 1.00 | | 1.00 | | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 1.66 | (1.12-2.47) | 1.63 | (1.08-2.46) | 1.58 | (1.02-2.45) |
| Musculoskeletal symptoms | | | | | | |
| No | | | 1.00 | | 1.00 | |
| Yes | | | 3.37 | (2.40-4.74) | 2.89 | (2.02-4.14) |
| BDI-2¶ | | | | | | |
| Normal range | | | | | 1.00 | |
| Abnormal range | | | | | 7.04 | (4.03-12.30) |
| Total job stress** | | | | | | |
| Low | | | | | 1.00 | |
| High | 0.93 | (0.93-2.72) | ||||
Table 1 General and psychosocial characteristics of the study population (n = 657)
*Body mass index.
†Beck Depression Inventory-II.
‡Psychosocial Well-Being Index-Short Form.
Table 2 Mean (standard deviation) scores from the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS)
*National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress
†Quartiles.
Table 3 Correlation of sleep quality with general and psychosocial factors
*Calculated using theχ2-test and linear-by-linear association.
‡Beck Depression Inventory-II.
†Body mass index.
§Psychosocial Well-Being Index-Short Form.
Table 4 Correlation between Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) score and sleep quality
*Calculated using theχ2-test.
Table 5 Logistic regression analysis of factors related to sleep quality
*Model I was adjusted for age, alcohol intake, and shift work. †Model II was adjusted for model I and musculoskeletal symptoms.
‡Model III was adjusted for model II, depression, and total job stress. §Odds ratio ǁconfidential interval ¶Beck Depression Inventory-II.
**Sum of categories score/7.
