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Original Article
- Association between relative handgrip strength and glycemic control among male automobile manufacturing workers using vibration tools in South Korea
- Dong-Jae Seo, Hyun Joong Kim, Yongjin Kim, Jaewon Mun, Jong-Han Leem, Shin-Goo Park, Dong-Wook Lee, Hwan-Cheol Kim
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2026;38:e14. Published online April 8, 2026
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2026.38.e14
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Abstract
Abstract in Korean
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Supplementary Material - Background
Although the association between handgrip strength and glycemic control has been reported, studies conducted exclusively within specific occupational groups remain limited. To explore the association between handgrip strength and metabolic health in industrial settings, this study examined the relationship between relative handgrip strength and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among male automobile manufacturing workers using vibration tools in South Korea.
Methods
Using 66,212 occupational health examination records collected at Inha University Hospital between January 2024 and April 2025, a total of 3,365 workers with HbA1c and handgrip strength measurements were identified. After excluding duplicates (n = 1,536), female workers (n = 2), and records without Hb and estimated glomerular filtration rate, 1,823 male participants were included in the final analysis. Relative handgrip strength was calculated as the maximum value of bilateral grip strength divided by body mass index. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between relative handgrip strength and HbA1c, adjusting for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, current hypertension, current dyslipidemia, current hypoglycemic-agents use, family diabetes history, leisure-time physical activity, and resistance exercise.
Results
Relative handgrip strength was inversely associated with HbA1c levels (B: –0.060; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.081 to −0.039; p < 0.001). The association was strongest among normoglycemic participants (B: −0.185; 95% CI: −0.305 to −0.065; p = 0.003). Effect size was reduced but significantly associated among individuals with prediabetes (B: −0.115; 95% CI: −0.180 to −0.050; p < 0.001) and further attenuated to a borderline significance in individuals with diabetes (B: −0.023; 95% CI: −0.050 to 0.003; p = 0.082). These findings indicate that greater muscle strength relative to body size is related to better glycemic control.
Conclusions
Handgrip strength was associated with HbA1c levels in industrial workers. This study suggests that handgrip strength may provide complementary information on metabolic health in occupational settings. - 상대악력과 당화혈색소 간의 관계: 진동 공구를 사용하는 한국 자동차제조업 남성 근로자를 대상으로한 연구
목적
악력과 혈당조절 간의 관계는 선행연구에서 보고된 바 있으나, 특정직업군 내에서 수행된 연구는 제한적이다. 본 연구는 진동 공구를 사용하는 한국 자동차제조업 남성 근로자를 대상으로 상대악력과 당화혈색소간의 관계를 조사하였으며, 산업환경에서의 악력이 대사건강에 대한 보조적 정보를 제공할 수 있는 지 살펴보고자 하였다.
방법
2024년 1월부터 2025년 4월까지 인하대병원에서 수집된 66,212건의 건강검진기록을 바탕으로, 당화혈색소와 악력측정, 혈색소와 추정사구체여과율(eGFR) 결과가 모두 포함된 1,823명의 남성근로자를 대상으로 하였다. 상대악력은 양손악력 중 최대값을 체질량지수로 나누어 계산하였다. 연령, 혈색소, eGFR, 흡연여부, 음주여부, 고혈압, 고지혈증, 당뇨가족력, 여가시간 유산소운동, 근력운동을 보정한 후 다중선형회귀분석을 수행하여 상대악력과 당화혈색소간의 관계를 평가했다.
결과
상대악력은 당화혈색소 수치와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 (B= -0.060, 95% CI -0.081 to -0.039 p < 0.001), 이 관계는 정상군에서 가장 강하게 나타났다 (B = -0.185, 95% CI -0.305 to -0.065, p=0.003). 전당뇨군에서는 효과크기는 줄어들었으나, 통계적으로 유의미한 악력 감소(B = -0.115, 95% CI -0.180 to -0.050 p<0.001)를 보였고, 당뇨군에서는 관계성이 낮아졌고, 경계적 유의성을 보였다 (-0.023, 95% CI -0.050 to 0.003, p=0.082). 이 결과는 높은 악력이 좋은 혈당조절과 관련이 있음을 시사한다.
결론
악력은 간단하고 저비용이며 비침습적인 생체지표로, 산업근로자에서 상대악력이 낮을수록 당화혈색소가 높은 경향을 보였다.
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