Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Original Article

Rotating shift and BMI increase among healthcare workers in a military hospital: pre- and post-pandemic analysis in Taiwan: Zong-Ming Chen, Ro-Ting Lin; Ann Occup Environ Med 2024;36:e15. Published online June 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e15

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
The increasing prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) emphasizes the need for action. Understanding of BMI factors among military hospital healthcare workers remains limited. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing BMI risk factors and changes pre- and post-coronavirus 2019 pandemic among military hospital healthcare workers in central Taiwan from 2019 to 2021.
Methods
Conducted at a military hospital in central Taiwan, this study analyzed anonymized health examination data from 2019 to 2021 for 483 healthcare workers. We performed generalized estimating equations to investigate trends in BMI and its association with various factors, including age, sex, job titles, military status, job tenure, work shifts, and lifestyle habits.
Results
The risk of increased BMI was higher in 2021 compared to 2019 (risk ratio [RR]: 1.008, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.001–1.014). Individuals on rotating shifts had a higher risk of increased BMI compared to day shift workers (RR: 1.021; 95% CI: 1.008–1.035) and higher odds of obesity (odds ratio: 1.546; 95% CI: 1.099–2.175). Among obese individuals, BMI in soldiers was approximately 4.9% lower than in non-soldiers (RR: 0.951; 95% CI: 0.915–0.988).
Conclusions
This study identified a significant post-pandemic increase in BMI among healthcare workers in a Taiwanese military hospital, with rotating shifts being a key risk factor for both increased BMI and obesity. Work-related factors influenced BMI changes among obese individuals, while non-work-related factors were significant for non-obese individuals. These findings highlight the broader effects of the pandemic and the specific impact of work-related factors on obese healthcare workers.

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Research Article

Occupational exposure to sharps injury among healthcare providers in Ethiopia regional hospitals: Nigussie Tadesse Sharew, Getaneh Baye Mulu, Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold, Kefyalew Dagne Gizachew; Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:7. Published online March 23, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0163-2

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Background

Sharps injury is a penetrating stab wound from a needle, scalpel, or another sharp object that may result in exposure to blood or other body fluids. According to World Health Organization pooled estimate, the annual incidence of sharps injury in Africa was ranged from 2.10 to 4.68 per person per year, but research data in Ethiopia is limited. The aim of the study was to investigate sharps injury prevalence and associated risk factors.

Methods

Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 healthcare providers (HCP) in Northeast Ethiopia. Proportionate stratified sampling was used to select HCP. Sharps injury during the last 12 months was an outcome variable whereas demographic characteristics, behavioral attributes, and job environment characteristics were independent variables. Data was collected from April to May 2016 using self-administered questionnaire; which was adapted from World Health Organization best practices for injections and related procedures toolkit. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify sharps injury associated risk factors. Epi Info version 3.5.1 software package was used for data coding and entry whereas Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software package was used for analysis.

Results

In total, 195 HCP participated with a response rate of 97.5%. The prevalence of sharps injury was 32.8%. Following adjustment for covariates, lack of in-service job training and previous exposure to sharps injury were statistically significant risk factors for sharps injury. HCP who had no in-service job training were 4.7 times more likely sustained sharps injury compared with those who had in-service job training (p < 0.001, OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 2.05–10.56). HCP who had previous exposure to sharps injury were 3.7 times more likely sustained sharps injury compared with those who were not exposed (p-value = 0.002, OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 1.62–8.27).

Conclusions

This study revealed 32.8% or at least three out of ten HCP exposed to sharps injury. This was found statistically significant among HCP who had no in-service job training and who had previous exposure to sharps injury. Thus, training HCP perhaps increase their skill and curiosity to reduce exposure to sharps injury.

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Desi Debelu, Dechasa Adare Mengistu, Sina Temesgen Tolera, Alemayehu Aschalew, Wegene Deriba
Health Services Research and Managerial Epidemiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Magnitude of occupational exposure to sharp injuries among nurses working in South Gondar zone public hospitals, Northcentral Ethiopia: institution-based cross-sectional study
Tigabu Munye Aytenew, Yohannes Tesfahun Kassie, Solomon Demis Kebede
BMJ Open.2023; 13(11): e073595. CrossRef
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices towards Needle-stick Injuries among Nurses in a Public Hospital, Malaysia
Jheffany Yazid, Raja Mek Raja Yaakub, Suzana binti Yusof, Angga Wilandika
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Investigation and Analysis of Sharp Injuries among Health Care Workers from 36 Hospitals in Shandong Province, China
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Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids among Health Care Workers in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Result from Cross-Sectional Study
Giziew Abere, Dawit Getachew Yenealem, Sintayehu Daba Wami
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Bikis Liyew, Menbeu Sultan, Mebrat Michael, Ambaye Dejen Tilahun, Tilahun Kassew, Andrea Maugeri
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The Prevalence of Needlesticks and Sharp Injuries, and the Associated Factors Among Midwives and Nurses in North Wollo Zone Public Hospitals, North East Ethiopia: An Institution-based Cross-sectional Study

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Research Article

Relationship between Psychosocial Risk Factors and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Public Hospital Nurses in Malaysia: Nur Azma Amin, Rusli Nordin, Quek Kia Fatt, Rahim M Noah, Jennifer Oxley; Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:23-23. Published online August 9, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0023-2

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objective

This study examined the relationships between psychosocial work factors and risk of WRMSDs among public hospital nurses in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 660 public hospital nurses. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on the occurrence of WRMSDs according to body regions, socio-demographic profiles, occupational information and psychosocial risk factors. 468 questionnaires were returned (response rate of 71%), and 376 questionnaires qualified for subsequent analysis. Univariate analyses were applied to test for mean and categorical differences across the WRMSDs; multiple logistic regression was applied to predict WRMSDs based on the Job Strain Model’s psychosocial risk factors.

Results

Over two thirds of the sample of nurses experienced discomfort or pain in at least one site of the musculoskeletal system within the last year. The neck was the most prevalent site (48.94%), followed by the feet (47.20%), the upper back (40.69%) and the lower back (35.28%). More than 50% of the nurses complained of having discomfort in region one (neck, shoulders and upperback) and region four (hips, knees, ankles, and feet). The results also revealed that psychological job demands, job strain and iso-strain ratio demonstrated statistically significant mean differences (p < 0.05) between nurses with and without WRMSDs. According to univariate logistic regression, all psychosocial risk factors illustrated significant association with the occurrence of WRMSDs in various regions of the body (OR: 1.52–2.14). Multiple logistic regression showed all psychosocial risk factors were significantly associated with WRMSDs across body regions (OR: 1.03–1.19) except for region 1 (neck, shoulders and upper back) and region 4 (hips, knees, ankles, and feet). All demographic variables except for years of employment were statistically and significantly associated with WRMSDs (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The findings indicated the high prevalence of WRMSDs in many body regions, and the risks of developing WRMSDs according to the various body regions were associated with important psychosocial risk factors based on the job strain model. These findings have implications for the management of WRMSDs among public hospital nurses in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.

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Original Article

The Relationship Between Job Stress and Quality of Life for Hospital Workers by Type of Employment: Eun Sook Jeon, Kang Sook Lee, Seon Young Lee, Jae Hee Yu, A Rum Hong; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(1):28-37. Published online March 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.1.28

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between job stress and quality of life for hospital workers by type of employment.
METHODS
Data were obtained for 361 workers in a large hospital 172 of whom were categorized as typical workers defined by permanent employee and 189 of whom were categorized as atypical workers defined by fixed-term contraction. Job stress was assessed using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Questionnaire RESULTS: Atypical workers had significantly higher scores for job-related stress in the domains of insufficient control, over work, job insecurity, and lack of reward in the workplace compared with typical workers, who had higher scores for stress in the domains of job demands and occupational climate. Test scores also indicated that typical workers had a significantly better quality of life than atypical workers, especially in terms of mental health, social relationships and environment.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggested that factors contributing to job-related stress were different between typical and atypical hospital and typical workers are likely to have a better quality of life.

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Original Article

Status of the Occupational Health and Safety Programs of Several Hospitals in Korea: Kwan Lee, Hyun Sul Lim, Soo keun Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2003;15(4):351-363. Published online December 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2003.15.4.351

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
As health care workers suffer from various hazards in hospital, an occupational safety and health program is very important to them. This study was conducted to investigate the status of the occupational safety and health programs of several hospitals in Korea.
METHODS
We conducted a questionnaire survey on 941 hospitals in Korea. All questionnaires were posted to the department of general affairs at each hospital and responses were received from 108 hospitals (11.5%). Eight responses were excluded because of insufficient data and the remaining 100 questionnaires were analyzed. The collected data were evaluated using the SPSS 10.0 statistical package and the demands for occupational safety and health programs between two groups were analyzed by RIDIT analysis.
RESULTS
The study subjects were 53 general hospitals and 47 hospitals. An occupational safety and health committee, infection control committee, safety manager, health manager, activities for vaccination, reports for needle stick injury and records related to occupational injury were more likely to be present in general hospitals than hospitals (p<0.05). Demands for occupational safety and health were higher in general hospitals than hospitals. Especially, demands for measurement of working environment, improvement of ventilatory system, management of chemical materials and supply of protective equipment were significantly higher in general hospitals than hospitals (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
We concluded from the findings of our study that occupational safety and health programs are not yet sufficient in Korean hospitals. So, we expect that special management, policies and laws for health care workers will be promulgated.

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Hyun-Sul Lim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2010; 53(6): 483. CrossRef

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Original Article

Effect of Job Stress and Coping Strategy on Job Satisfaction in a Hospital Works: Mi Hee Nam, Se Hoon Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2003;15(1):1-11. Published online March 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2003.15.1.1

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of job stress, and the coping strategy of hospital workers on job satisfaction.
METHODS
468 self-administered questionnaires, were obtained from 120 doctors, 194 nurses, 45pharmacists and 109 administrators at a university hospital located in Seoul. The sociodemographic characteristics, personality types, degree of social support, job stresses, coping strategies, and job satisfaction were all assessed from the questionnaires.
RESULTS
The analysis of job stress, according to occupation, showed that the most important job-related stress-inducing factors were: for doctors, role overload, and poor advancement opportunity; for nurses, role overload, and career development and wages; for pharmacists, role overload and lack of recognition from other health professionals; and for administrators, career development and wages, and organizational inefficiency. Job satisfaction had a significant positive correlation with control strategy, and a negative correlation with role ambiguity, career development and wages, personal relationship, role overload, and symptom management strategy. Job satisfaction was significantly influenced by control strategy, occupation, role ambiguity, person with an 'A' type personality and gender, from a multiple regression analysis.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggested that to increase the job satisfaction for hospital workers, they need to be encouraged to use control strategies; create a supportive hospital atmospheres for social supports; re-evaluation, structuring and a new job design are all required to reduce role ambiguity.

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Original Article

Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Ethylene Oxide: Soung Hoon Chang, Won Jin Lee, Cheong Sik Kim, Cheong Hyun Hwang, Jong Tae Park, Dae Seong Kim, Young Whan Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(4):428-437. Published online December 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.4.428

Abstract PDF

Operators of hospital sterilizers who use ethylene oxide (EtO) were studied to determine the exposure of EtO level and the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) from June 12 to July 20, 1997. To evaluate SCEs in the peripheral blood cells, we selected 22 workers at the central supply room of 4 university hospitals and 22 unexposed workers at the same hospitals according to match sex, age, and smoking habit and also did questionnaires. The mean air concentrations (8-hr TWA) of EtO at 4 university hospitals were less than 1 ppm. The SCE frequencies in exposed workers to EtO and controls were normally distributed. The SCE frequencies in exposed workers to EtO and controls were 6.42+/-.63, 5.86+/-.69, respectively and their differences were statistically significant (p=0.0093). But there were no statistically significant differences in smoking, alcohol intake, coffee drinking. Especially smokers who exposed to EtO were increased SCE statistically significant than the exposed group who did not smoke.

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Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2011; 37(6): 429. CrossRef

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Original Article

Factors Affecting on Hospital Workers' Stress Symptom: Myung Ken Lee, Myung Sun Lee, Kyoung Ok Park; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(1):61-74. Published online February 28, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.1.61

Abstract PDF

Nowadays, stress is one of the most important factors that affect workers' chronic diseases. In the case of China, medical demands increased under the national health service system after the market economy was introduced. These socioeconomic changes have affected the hospital workers' stress in China. We surveyed 428 hospital workers in Jilin Province in China from March 18 to March 29, 1996. The results were as follows ; 1. There were more women(67.8%) than men(31.1%) and those who graduated from technical school were 54.2%. The workers whose monthly income ranged from 400 to 499 Yuen were 37.9% by Chinese currency. For occupational characteristics, there were 36.4% doctors and 30.1% were nurses among the hospital workers. 29.9% had worked for 10~20 years in the hospital and 80.1% said their workload was moderate. 25.9% were satisfied with their jobs and 33.2% had good relationships with superiors and 37.4% had good relationships with co-workers. 2. For health habits, 22.7% were current smokers and 51.2% were scarcely drank. among this subjects. Those who ate breakfast almost everyday were 87.1% and the workers who ate between meals almost everyday were 50.2%. 83.8% slept for 7~8 hours at night. Only 14.0% of the workers exercised regularly were only 14.0% and 18.5% were obese. 3. Hospital workers' stress symptom was significantly related to age and monthly income. The workers who were 19 years old or less or 40 years old or more and had higher monthly income showed higher stress symptoms than those who were between 20-39 and had lower monthly income. Higher stress symptom was also significantly related to the heavy workload, the dissatisfaction with their job an4 the bad relationship with their superiors and co-workers. 4. Higher stress symptoms were significantly related to drinking and hours of sleep among the seven health habits. The more frequently the workers' drank, the higher the stress symptoms were and the workers who slept for 7~8 hours at night had lower stress symptoms than those who slept for 6 hours or less or 9 hours or more. 5. According to the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis, the factors affecting hospital workers' stress symptoms were monthly income in personal characteristics (R2=0.0227), job satisfaction and workload (R2=0.0742) in occupational characteristics, and drinking and hours of sleep (R2=0.0446) among the seven health habits. Consequently, the most significant factors that had affected hospital workers' stress symptom in China, were job satisfaction and drinking according to the premises of the questionnaire.

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Original Article

A Study on Possibility of Special Health Examination to the Hospital Employees: Su Ill Lee, Byung Mann Cho, Bong Soo Cho, Young Wook Kirn, Kwang Wook Koh, Nam Chool Moon, Joo Won Kirn; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(2):191-200. Published online September 30, 1996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.2.191

Abstract PDF: This study was performed to decide the possibility of special health examination to the hospital employees. We carried out questionnaire survey for 830 subjects at 2 general hospitals located in Pusan city. The summary of this study are as follows. 1. Above 10% of total hospital employees were replied that they exposed to 16 hazard items, such as dust, noise, stress and etc. Among them, over 50% of hospital employees exposed to dust(69.8%), noise(52.3%), stress(60.1%). And hospital employees exposed to alcoholic disinfectant(41.3%), radiation(34.6%), drug(33.3%), VDT(25.2%), and aldehyde(18.7%) also. 2. 63% of the hospital employees replied that there were hazardous factors in hospital environments, and 80% insisted the necessity for hospital environment measuring. 35.7% of respondents replied that they had never taken the education about hazardous factors. 35.7% of the total respondents answered that they didn't use protective equipment when exposed to hazardous factors. And 48.6% answered they took periodic health examination. Only 7.2% replied that ventilation condition of office room was proper. As shown in above results, hospital employees are exposed to various hazards, and turn out neglecting to health problems caused these hazardous factors. So at first, it is necessary to measuring hospital working environment, and then will be decided the possibility of special health examination to the hospital employees.

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Original Article

A Comparative Study of Ihe Hospital Charge of Long-term and Short-term inpatient in the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance System: Kyung Jong Lee, Young Hahn Moon, Bong Suk Cha; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1990;2(1):1-12. Published online February 28, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1990.2.1.1

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study was to compare the hospital charges of long-term and those of short-term inpatients Insured by the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance System. This study analysed 1,597 medical bills of injured workers emitted to and discharged from all hospitals in Korea in the period between March 1, 1988 and May 30, 1989. The 308 workers hospitalized for more than 50 hospital days were classified as long-term inpatients, and the others as short-term inpatients. The sampling method employed was 25% systematic sampling. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The average length of stay for long-term inpatients was 95.1 days, and 20.7 days for short-term inpatients, 2. Long-term inpaiients' main diseases were multiple injury and fracture. Fracture of the lower extremities and feet prevailed, 3. Daily hospital charges were higher in the long-term inpatients than in the short-term inpatients. 4. Total charges decreased depending upon hospital grade in the order of general hospital, hospital, and clinic. Daily average hospital charges were the same regardless of hospital grade. 5. The proportions of long-term Inpatients admitted to general hospitals, hospitals, and clinics were 46.1%, 23.4%. and 30.5% respectively, and those of short-term patients were 33.2%, 24.1%, and 42.7% respectively. 6. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the length of hospital stay, hospital grade, treatment results and patient's age were the major determinants of hospital charges.

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Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2011; 4(2): 132. CrossRef

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