Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Hyunjoo Kim

16 Articles

The impacts of working time flexibilization on occupational safety and health: an expert survey: Daseul Moon, Hyunjoo Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2023;35:e20. Published online July 20, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e20

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

The policy proposal by the current Korean government that proposes flexible overtime rules is causing social controversy. This study has explored the 612 experts’ opinions on the occupational safety and health impacts of the policy using an online self-report survey. They expected short-term overwork (87.25%), overwork inequality (86.44%), irregular working hours (84.31%), chronic overwork (84.15%), long working hours (83.66%), and unpredictability of working hours (81.86%) as a result of the policy change. They also responded that the policy change would increase industrial accident deaths (87.25%), mental illnesses (87.09%), deaths due to overwork or cardiovascular diseases (83.84%), and accidents (83.33%). They disagreed that the government’s flexibilization policy, while agreeing that the necessity of policies on regulating night work (94.77%), guaranteeing wages to eliminate overtime (90.36%), establishing working time regulations for the bogus self-employed (82.84%), and applying the 52-hour workweek system to all workplaces (76.47%). These expert opinions are consistent with previous research on the health effects of working hours.

Citations

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Association between long working hours and engagement in preventive healthcare services in Korean workers: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Seong-Uk Baek, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon
Preventive Medicine.2024; 180: 107849. CrossRef
Effect of long working hours on psychological distress among young workers in different types of occupation
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
Preventive Medicine.2024; 179: 107829. CrossRef
Association between long working hours and diet quality and patterns: A latent profile analysis of a nationally representative sample of Korean workers
Seong-Uk Baek, Jong-Uk Won, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon
Preventive Medicine.2024; 180: 107890. CrossRef
Association of precarious employment with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among female workers: Findings from a nationwide longitudinal study in Korea
Seong-Uk Baek, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon
Journal of Affective Disorders.2024; 351: 931. CrossRef
Association between long working hours and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease: a nationwide population-based study in Korea
S.-U. Baek, J.-U. Won, Y.-M. Lee, J.-H. Yoon
Public Health.2024; 232: 188. CrossRef
Association between long working hours and the development of suicidal ideation among female workers: An 8-year population-based study using the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Family (2012–2020)
Seong-Uk Baek, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon
Psychiatry Research.2024; 333: 115731. CrossRef
Association of low-quality employment with the development of suicidal thought and suicide planning in workers: A longitudinal study in Korea
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon, Yu-Min Lee, Jong-Uk Won
Social Science & Medicine.2024; 358: 117219. CrossRef
Special Series I: Working hours as a social determinant of workers’ health
Kyunghee Jung-Choi, Tae-Won Jang, Mo-Yeol Kang, Jungwon Kim, Eun-A Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Associations of chronotype and insomnia with menstrual problems in newly employed nurses at university hospitals in the Republic of Korea: Han-Na Jung, Dongwhan Suh, Woo Chul Jeong, Jia Ryu, Yu-Mi Kim, Seohyun Yoon, Hyunjoo Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2023;35:e30. Published online August 4, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e30

Abstract Abstract in Korean PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Dysmenorrhea and menstrual cycle changes occur in women working shifts. Circadian rhythm disruption and sleep disturbances associated with shift work leads to health problems. We identified chronotypes and the occurrence of insomnia among newly employed university hospital nurses and investigated the association of these factors with menstrual problems.
Methods
We conducted pre-placement health examinations for shift workers using self-reported questionnaires between 2018 and 2020. A total of 463 nurses were included in the study. Sociodemographic data, shift work experience, and information on insomnia were collected from health examination data. In addition, details regarding chronotype, dysmenorrhea, irregular and abnormal menstrual cycles, amenorrhea, and contraceptive use were obtained from the questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to study the association between chronotype, insomnia, and menstrual problems after controlling for age, body mass index, contraceptive use, amenorrhea, and prior shift work.
Results
The prevalence rates of dysmenorrhea, irregular menstrual cycles, and longer menstrual cycles were 23.8%, 14.9%, and 4.1%, respectively. The risk of dysmenorrhea increased in the evening-type (odds ratio [OR]: 3.209; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.685–6.113) and those with insomnia (OR: 1.871; 95% CI: 1.074–3.261). Additionally, the risk of an irregular menstrual cycle (OR: 2.698; 95% CI: 1.167–6.237) increased in the evening-type, and the risk of a longer menstrual cycle (OR: 4.008; 95% CI: 1.354–11.864) increased in individuals with insomnia.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that dysmenorrhea is promoted in the evening-type and insomnia individuals. There may be an increased risk of irregular menstrual cycles among evening-type nurses and an increased risk of longer menstrual cycles among those with insomnia. Therefore, factors such as evening-type and insomnia should be considered for the prevention of menstrual problems in women performing shift work.; 대학병원 신입 간호사에서 수면 관련 요인과 월경 건강과의 연관성
목적
이 연구는 간호사의 건강증진을 위한 효과적인 전략을 개발하는 데 있어 근거자료를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하며, 구체적으로 일주기리듬 유형(크로노 타입) 및 불면 증상과 월경 건강 관련 문제들과의 연관성을 파악하였다.
방법
연구 대상자는 야간작업에 대한 배치 전 건강진단을 받은 두 개 대학병원에서 근무 중인 463명의 신규 간호사이다. 배치 전 건강진단 자료에서 연령, 체질량지수, 흡연, 음주, 운동 정도, 이전 교대 근무 경험 여부, 불면 증상에 대한 정보를 확보하였다. 일주기 리듬 유형, 피임방법 사용 여부, 무월경 경험, 월경통 및 월경주기의 규칙성과 간격에 대한 정보는 설문조사로 확인하였다. 연령, 체질량지수, 피임방법 사용 여부, 무월경 경험, 교대 근무 경험을 통제하여 일주기리듬 유형 및 불면 증상의 월경 건강 관련 문제들에 대한 위험비를 산출하기 위해 다중 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 수행하였다.
결과
월경곤란증, 불규칙한 월경주기, 긴 월경주기의 유병률은 각각 23.8%, 14.9%, 4.1%였다. 월경통에서 저녁형 일주기리듬 유형의 오즈비가 저녁형 외 일주기리듬 유형 그룹에 비해 3.209배(95% C.I. 1.685-6.113) 높았고, 불면 증상이 있다면 1.871배 (95% C.I. 1.074-3.261) 높았다. 또한 저녁형 일주기 리듬은 월경주기 간격이 불규칙한 경우에(오즈비 2.698 95% C.I. 1.167-6.237), 불면 증상이 있다면 40일 이상의 긴 월경 주기에(오즈비 4.008 95% C.I. 1.354-11.864) 각각 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다.
결론
우리 연구 결과로 저녁형 일주기리듬 유형 간호사에서 월경통과 불규칙 월경 이상이 관찰될 확률이 더 높고, 불면 증상이 있는 집단에서 월경통과 긴 월경주기가 증가할 가능성을 유추할 수 있다. 저녁형 일주기리듬과 불면 증상 같은 요인들은 여성 근로자의 월경 건강에 악영향을 미치는 경로를 연구하는 데 있어 고려해야 할 것들 중 하나가 될 수 있다.

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Particulate matter concentration effects on attention to environmental issues: a cross-sectional study among residents in Korea’s Pohang Industrial Complex: Hye-seung Ryu, Jea Chul Ha, Insung Chung, Seonhee Yang, Hyunjoo Kim, Sung-Deuk Choi; Ann Occup Environ Med 2023;35:e31. Published online August 10, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e31

Abstract Abstract in Korean PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Background
With modernization, air pollution has become increasingly serious, and its effects on health have been revealed. As a result, public interest in environmental pollution has become critical for regulating air pollution. In our study, we aim to evaluate the impact of air pollution levels on public attention to environmental issues and examine whether awareness of the residential environment’s impact on health acts as a mediator in this relationship.
Methods
We conducted an analysis on 400 individuals surveyed in the preliminary feasibility study on adverse health effects in the Pohang Industrial Complex, to examine the relationship between particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and attention to environmental issues. Logistic regression analysis was performed, and mediation analysis was used to determine whether awareness of the residential environment’s impact on health mediated the relationship.
Results
The logistic regression analysis results showed that PM2.5 levels were associated with attention to environmental issues (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–3.5; p = 0.003) and awareness of health impacts (AOR: 3.4; 95% CI: 1.6–7.1; p = 0.001). The PM2.5 levels showed 9.9% (95% CI: 5.4–14.0) increase in the prevalence of high attention to environmental issues, of which, only 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2–2.3) were mediated by health impact awareness. In the overall analysis, 10% of the total effect of PM2.5 on attention to environmental issues was mediated by health impact awareness.
Conclusions
According to this study’s results, there was a correlation between air pollution levels and attention to environmental issues. Awareness of the health impacts of air pollution partially mediated the effect of air pollution levels on attention to environmental issues. In future studies, it is recommended to identify other mediators to further understand this structure.; 미세먼지(Particular matter)농도가 환경문제에 대한 관심에 미치는 영향 : 포항시 거주민을 대상으로 한 단면연구
목적
근현대화가 진행되어오면서 대기오염은 심각해지고 대기오염에 의한 건강영향이 밝혀지면서 대기오염을 규제하기위해 환경오염에 대한 대중의 관심도가 중요해졌다. 이번 연구에서는 대기오염 수치가 환경오염에 대한 관심도에 미치는 영향을 평가하고 그 구조로써 건강영향에 대한 인식이 매개체로써 작용하는지 탐구하고자 하였다.
방법
포항 산업단지 건강피해 예비타당성 위해소통 설문조사에서 파악된 400명에 대하여 분석을 시행하였다. PM2.5와 환경오염에 대한 관심의 관계에 대해서 보기위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였고, 그 구조를 파악하기 위해 매개분석을 사용하여 건강영향에 대한 인식이 매개체로써 작용하는지 확인하였다.
결과
로지스틱 분석 결과 PM2.5 수치는 환경에 대한 관심과 관련이 있었고([AOR]: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3, 3.5, P = 0.003), 건강영향에 대한 인식도와도 관련이 있었다(AOR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.6, 7.1, P = 0.001). PM2.5수치는 전체 환경에 대한 관심도에 비교위험(%)이 9.9 (95 % CI: 5.4, 14.0)인데 전체에서 1.0 (95 % CI: 0.2, 2.3) 만이 건강영향 인식도에 의해 매개되는 비교위험이다. 전체 분석 결과에서 PM2.5가 환경에 대한 관심에 미치는 전체 영향의 10%가 건강영향 인식에 매개되었다.
결론
연구결과에 따르면 대기오염 수준은 환경오염에 대한 관심도와 관련이 있었다. 건강영향에 대한 인식은 대기오염수준이 환경오염에 대한 관심도에 미치는 영향의 일부를 매개하였다.

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Relationship between chronotype and depressive symptoms among newly hired hospital nurses in the Republic of Korea: Semi Lee, Han-Na Jung, Jia Ryu, Woo-Chul Jung, Yu-Mi Kim, Hyunjoo Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2022;34:e32. Published online October 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e32

Abstract Abstract in Korean PDF PubReader ePub

Background

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between chronotype and depressive symptoms to provide grounded knowledge in establishing nurses’ health promotion strategies.

Methods

The subjects of this study were 493 newly hired nurses working in 2 general hospitals within the university from September 2018 to September 2020. Sociodemographic and work-related characteristics were collected from a medical examination database and a self-reported questionnaire. These included sex, age, marital status, living situation, education level, alcohol consumption, physical activity, prior work experience before 3 months, workplace, and departments. To analyze the associations between the chronotype and depressive symptoms, multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs).

Results

Among participants, 9.1% had depressive symptoms and 16.4% had insomnia. The subjects are divided into morningness (30.2%), intermediate (48.7%), and eveningness (21.1%). The multiple logistic regression analysis controlling for age, living status, education level, alcohol consumption, physical activity, workplace, prior work experience before 3 months, and insomnia, revealed that the OR of depressive symptoms in the eveningness group was 3.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50–9.18) compared to the morningness group, and the R² value was 0.151. It also can be confirmed that insomnia symptoms have a statistically significant effect on depressive symptoms (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.03–4.52).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that evening-type nurses are more likely to have depression than morning-type nurses. We should consider interventions in a high-risk group such as the evening type nurses to reduce depressive symptoms in nurses.

신입 간호사에서 일주기리듬 유형과 우울 증상의 관련성
목적
이 연구는 간호사의 건강증진 전략 수립에 기초 지식을 제공하기 위해 일주기리듬 유형(크로노타입)과 우울 증상의 관련성을 살펴보기 위해 수행되었다.
방법
연구대상은 2018년 9월부터 2020년 9월까지 2개 대학병원에 근무하는 신입간호사 493명이었다. 사회인구학적 특성과 업무관련 특성은 건강검진 데이터베이스와 자기보고식 설문지를 통해 성별, 연령, 결혼 여부, 생활 상황, 교육 수준, 음주, 신체 활동, 3개월 내 업무 경험, 직장 및 부서 등에 대한 정보를 수집하였다. 일주기리듬 유형과 우울 증상 간의 연관성을 분석하기 위해 연령, 생활수준, 학력, 음주, 신체활동, 직장, 직장경력, 불면증 등을 통제한 다중 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 수행하였다.
결과
참가자의 9.1%가 우울 증상이 있었고, 16.4%가 불면 증상이 있었다. 일주기리듬 유형은 아침형(30.2%), 중간형(48.7%), 저녁형(21.1%)으로 구분하였다. 앞서 언급한 혼란 변수를 모두 통제한 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 저녁시간 집단의 우울 증상의 오즈비는 3.71(95% C.I. 1.50- 9.18) 아침형 그룹과 비교하여 R 제곱값은 0.151이었다. 또한 불면증 증상도 우울 증상에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다 (OR = 2.16(95% C.I. 1.03-4.52)).
결론
우리 연구는 저녁형 간호사가 아침형 간호사보다 우울증에 걸릴 확률이 더 높다는 점을 시사한다. 간호사의 우울 증상을 줄이기 위해 저녁형 일주기리듬유형을 가진 간호사와 같은 고위험군에 대한 개입을 고려해야 한다.

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Relationship between mid-sleep time and depression, health-related quality of life, and sleep deprivation in the 2018 Korea Community Health Survey
Mee-Ri Lee, Sung Min Jung, Seung Hee Choi, Hyeonji Hwang, Youngs Chang, Young Hwangbo
Chronobiology International.2024; 41(1): 1. CrossRef
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Lijun Li, Xingxing Wang, Jian Zhou, Min Liu, Sha Wang, Yi Zhou, Yuxuan Li, Yue Kang, Jianfei Xie, Andy S. K. Cheng
Chronobiology International.2024; 41(7): 1058. CrossRef
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Chronobiology International.2023; 40(11): 1467. CrossRef
Mediation analysis of chronotype, sleep-related factors, and depressive symptoms among workers: a cross-sectional study
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Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Working hours and depressive symptoms: the role of job stress factors: Yeogyeong Yoon, Jia Ryu, Hyunjoo Kim, Chung won Kang, Kyunghee Jung-Choi; Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:46. Published online July 13, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0257-5

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

South Korea is one of the countries with the longest working hours in the OECD countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of working hours on depressive symptoms and the role of job stress factors between the two variables among employees in South Korea.

Methods

This study used data from the Korea Working Conditions Survey in 2014. Study subjects included 23,197 employees aged 19 years or older who work more than 35 h per week. Working hours were categorized into 35–39, 40, 41–52, 53–68, and more than 68 h per week. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the WHO’s Well-Being Index with a cut-off score of 13. We calculated prevalence ratios of depressive symptoms according to working hours using log-binomial regression. Through the percentage change in prevalence ratios, we identified the extent of the role of job stress factors that explain depressive symptoms.

Results

The risks of depressive symptoms were significantly higher in people who worked 35–39 h per week (PR: 1.09, CI: 1.01–1.18), 53–68 h/week (PR: 1.21, CI: 1.16–1.25), and more than 68 h/week (PR: 1.14, CI: 1.07–1.21) than 40 h/week, after adjusting for confounding variables. Job stress explained the effects of long working hours on depressive symptoms in about 20–40% of the groups working more than 40 h/week. Among the factors of job stress, social support was 10–30%, which showed the highest explanatory power in all working hours. Reward explained 15–30% in the more than 52 h working group, and reward was the most important factor in the working group that exceeded 68 h.

Conclusions

We showed the working hours could be an independent risk factor for depressive symptoms in employees. To improve workers’ mental health, it is important to strengthen social support in the workplace, to provide adequate rewards as they work, and ultimately to regulate the appropriate amount of working hours.

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Blood cadmium and volume of uterine fibroids in premenopausal women: Shinhee Ye, Hye Won Chung, Kyungah Jeong, Yeon-Ah Sung, Hyejin Lee, So Yun Park, Hyunjoo Kim, Eun-Hee Ha; Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:22. Published online June 22, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0178-8

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

A number of studies have found associations between heavy metals and uterine fibroids, but the results are inconsistent. Here, we conducted this research to demonstrate the relationships between blood heavy metal concentrations and uterine fibroid volume as well as the rate of uterine fibroid presence.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, we collected data from 308 premenopausal women aged 30–49 years in Seoul; uterine fibroids are ascertained by past history of myomectomy and pelvic ultrasonography. In the analytic phase, we first analyzed the presence of the fibroids and the concentrations of heavy metals via logistic regression. In subgroup analysis, we used simple and multiple linear regression analyses to examine the associations between heavy metals and uterine fibroid volume.

Results

There was no connection between the heavy metal concentrations and the presence of uterine fibroids, but the odds of women having fibroids were higher with three particular metals. In subgroup analysis, the association between blood cadmium concentrations and uterine fibroid volume was statistically significant (adjusted beta coefficient = 2.22, 95% confidential interval: 0.06–4.37). In contrast, blood mercury and lead concentrations were not significantly associated with uterine fibroid volume.

Conclusions

Our findings are the first that we know to report the association of blood cadmium concentrations with the volume of uterine fibroids. We expect that our findings will be used as evidence for supporting policies to improve premenopausal Korean women’s health.

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Fatimoh Bukola Kareem, Mathias Abiodun Emokpae
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Prolonged Cadmium Exposure Alters Migration Dynamics and Increases Heterogeneity of Human Uterine Fibroid Cells—Insights from Time Lapse Analysis
Yitang Yan, Min Shi, Rick Fannin, Linda Yu, Jingli Liu, Lysandra Castro, Darlene Dixon
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Andrea Tinelli, Marina Vinciguerra, Antonio Malvasi, Mladen Andjić, Ivana Babović, Radmila Sparić
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Yuqing Zhang, Yingying Lu, Huiyuan Ma, Qing Xu, Xiaoli Wu
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Prolonged cadmium exposure alters benign uterine fibroid cell behavior, extracellular matrix components, and TGFB signaling
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“Metalloestrogenic” effects of cadmium downstream of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in human uterine fibroid cells
Linda Yu, Jingli Liu, Yitang Yan, Alanna Burwell, Lysandra Castro, Min Shi, Darlene Dixon
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The effect of aircraft noise on sleep disturbance among the residents near a civilian airport: a cross-sectional study: Kyeong Min Kwak, Young-Su Ju, Young-Jun Kwon, Yun Kyung Chung, Bong Kyu Kim, Hyunjoo Kim, Kanwoo Youn; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:38. Published online September 2, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0123-2

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

Aircraft noise is a major environmental noise problem. This study was conducted in order to investigate the relationship between sleep disturbance and exposure to aircraft noise on the residents who are living near an airport.

Methods

There were 3308 residents (1403 in the high exposure group, 1428 in the low exposure group, and 477 in the non-exposure group) selected as the subjects for this study. The Insomnia severity Index (ISI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaires were used to evaluate sleep disturbance.

Results

The mean ISI and ESS scores were 6.9 ± 6.4 and 5.5 ± 3.7, respectively, and the average scores were significantly greater in the aircraft noise exposure group, as compared to the non-exposure group. The percentage of the abnormal subjects, which were classified according to the results of the ISI and ESS, was also significantly greater in the noise exposure group, as compared to the control group. The odd ratios for insomnia and daytime hypersomnia were approximately 3 times higher in the noise exposure group, as compared to the control group.

Conclusions

The prevalence of insomnia and daytime hypersomnia was higher in the aircraft noise exposure group, as compared to the control group. Further study is deemed necessary in order to clarify the causal relationship.

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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(6): 4903. CrossRef
Characterizing temporal trends in populations exposed to aircraft noise around U.S. airports: 1995–2015
Daniel D. Nguyen, Jonathan I. Levy, Chanmin Kim, Kevin J. Lane, Matthew C. Simon, Jaime E. Hart, Eric A. Whitsel, Trang VoPham, Andrew Malwitz, Junenette L. Peters
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Michael G. Smith, Makayla Cordoza, Mathias Basner
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Sam E. Wing, Timothy V. Larson, Neelakshi Hudda, Sarunporn Boonyarattaphan, Irish Del Rosario, Scott Fruin, Beate Ritz
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Irene van Kamp, Sendrick Simon, Hilary Notley, Christos Baliatsas, Elise van Kempen
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Qi Meng, Jingwen Zhang, Jian Kang, Yue Wu
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Association between Shift Work and Neurocognitive Function among Firefighters in South Korea: A Prospective before–after Study
Kyeongmin Kwak, Bong-Kyu Kim, Tae-Won Jang, Chang Sun Sim, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Kyeong-Sook Choi, Kyoung Sook Jeong
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Laís Fajersztajn, Mariana Tavares Guimarães, Etienne Duim, Tarsila Guimarães Vieira da Silva, Mirna Namie Okamura, Suzan Lúcia Brancher Brandão, Ana Elisa Ribeiro, Ludmila Macêdo Naud, Shane O'Sullivan, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Maria Regina Alves
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Raimi Morufu Olalekan, Ihuoma Blossom ADINDU
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Paolo Gagliardi, Luca Teti, Gaetano Licitra
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Two cases of methyl alcohol intoxication by sub-chronic inhalation and dermal exposure during aluminum CNC cutting in a small-sized subcontracted factory: Jia Ryu, Key Hwan Lim, Dong-Ryeol Ryu, Hyang Woon Lee, Ji Young Yun, Seoung-Wook Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Kyunghee Jung-choi, Hyunjoo Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:65. Published online November 15, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0153-9

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

Methyl alcohol poisoning has been mainly reported in community. Two cases of methyl alcohol poisoning occurred in a small-sized subcontracted factory which manufactured smartphone parts in Korea.

Case presentation

One young female patient presented with dyspnea and visual disturbance. Another young male patient presented with visual disturbance and myalgia. They treated with sodium bicarbonate infusion and hemodialysis for metabolic acidosis. In addition, he received ethyl alcohol per oral treatment. Her and his urinary methyl alcohol concentration was detected as 7.632 mg/L, 46.8 mg/L, respectively, although they were treated hemodialysis. Results of the working environment measurement showed that the concentration of methyl alcohol (1030.1–2220.5 ppm) in the air exceeded the time weighted average (200 ppm). They were diagnosed with optic neuropathy due to methyl alcohol poisoning and still have visual impairment.

Conclusions

Workers who hired as dispatched employees in a small-sized subcontracted factory were exposed to high concentrations of methyl alcohol. The workplace had poor ventilation system. In addition, workers did not wear proper personal protect equipment. Working environment measurement and annual chekups for workers were not performed. They were in a blind spot to occupational safety and health. More attention is needed to protect vulnerable workers’ health.

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David Sýkora, Jindřich Jindřich, Vladimír Král, Milan Jakubek, Ameneh Tatar, Zdeněk Kejík, Pavel Martásek, Sergey Zakharov
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Huisu Eom, Jihye Lee, Eun-A Kim
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Emotional labor and dysmenorrhea in women working in sales and call centers: In-Jung Cho, Hyunjoo Kim, Sinye Lim, Sung-Soo Oh, Sungjin Park, Hee-Tae Kang; Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:45. Published online November 7, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0045-9

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study was conducted to investigate the association between emotional labor and dysmenorrhea among women working in sales and call centers in Seoul, South Korea.

Methods

Working women in sales jobs and call centers in Seoul were interviewed face-to-face by well-trained interviewers. In total, 975 participants were analyzed in the final model. Emotional labor was measured using a constructed questionnaire with two components: an emotive effort component with three questions and an emotive dissonance component with five questions. To examine the association between emotional labor and dysmenorrhea, chi-squared tests and logistic regression were applied.

Results

The prevalence of dysmenorrhea among sales workers and call center workers were 43.0% and 61.1%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) of emotive effort and emotive dissonance for dysmenorrhea in call center workers were 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–3.28) and 1.72 (95% CI, 1.13–2.63), respectively. The adjusted OR of emotive effort and emotive dissonance for dysmenorrhea in sales workers were 1.71 (95% CI, 0.92–3.16) and 1.15 (95% CI, 0.67–1.98), respectively.

Conclusions

Emotional labor was found to be associated with dysmenorrhea in call center workers. Further studies to investigate other factors, such as management strategies and the relationship between emotional labor and dysmenorrhea, are needed to support interventions to prevent dysmenorrhea that will further promote the quality of health and life of working women.

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Chen X. Chen, Sarah K. Rogers, Rui Li, Rachel J. Hinrichs, J. Dennis Fortenberry, Janet S. Carpenter
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Effects of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Hearing Loss: Jong Do Jeong, Hyunjoo Kim, Jae Yun Jung, Sangchul Roh, Ho Jang Kwon, Eun Jung Kim, Moo Yong Rhee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(3):225-234. Published online September 30, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.3.225

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of cardiovascular risk factors on hearing loss by vascular damage, such as in atherosclerosis.
METHOD
This study was conducted as a part of a study for the health effects of air-craft noise from 13 July 2005 to 13 January 2006. In this study 810 residents were selected from 13 villages in Pyeongteck City. Participants in this study were stratified by gender. Individuals, who had conductive hearing loss, were excluded form this investigation. Cardiovascular risk factors were divided into medical risk factors (mean arterial pressure (MAP), blood glucose, triglyceride) and behavioral risk factors (smoking, alcohol). The degree of atherosclerosis was determined by aPWV. Pure tone air conduction hearing thresholds were obtained at frequencies of 1000 and 4000 Hz. As for statistic data analysis, multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between factors on hearing loss and aortic pulse wave velocity. Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze the relationship between factors.
RESULTS
According to multiple linear regression models among males, age, aircraft noise, aPWV were associated with hearing loss. In females, age and aircraft noise were associated with hearing loss. Thus cardiovascular risk factors were not directly involved in hearing loss. However, cardiovascular risk factors such as alcohol, MAP in males and MAP, blood glucose in females were statistically significant (p<0.05) on aPWV according to multiple linear regression modeling. According to analysis of structural equation modeling, an indirect relationship was observed between cardiovascular risk factors and hearing loss by atherosclerosis, which was measured by aPWV. In males, medical risk factors were significantly associated with atherosclerosis (beta+/-SE: 0.07+/-0.03, p=0.03). Atherosclerosis was also associated with hearing loss (beta+/-SE: 2.01+/-0.89, p=0.03). In females, medial risk factors was significantly associated with atherosclerosis (beta+/-SE: 0.08+/-0.02, p=0.00), but atherosclerosis was not significantly associated with hearing loss.
CONCLUSION
Although noise exposure is a known major threat to hearing loss, understanding of cardiovascular risk factors associated with hearing loss also take a significant role in preventing hearing loss. Therefore, scrutinization of the etiologic factors for hearing disability may introduce a detailed strategy to abate the prevalence of hearing loss.

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Relationship of Aircraft-noise and the Result of Audiological Evaluation Among Residents Near U.S. Military Airbases in Pyeongtaek City: Jong Do Jeong, Hyunjoo Kim, Jae Yun Jung, Sangchul Roh, Ho Jang Kwon; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(2):154-164. Published online June 30, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.2.154

Abstract PDF

Objective: To investigate the relationship between aircraft noise and the results of audiological evaluation on tinnitus and hearing loss among residents near United States military air-bases in Pyeongtaek city.
METHODS
Residents (n=492) exposed to aircraft noise were selected from eight villages near U.S. military air-bases (K-55 and K-6) in Pyeongtaek city. Residents (n=200) from five villages located at least 10 km away from the air-base were selected for the control group. All participants completed a questionnaire on tinnitus and audiological evaluations included pure tone audiometry (PTA) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Statistical analyses involved a general linear model and multiple logistic regression stratified by gender and data was adjusted by age, educational level, stress response index and noise type (i.e. military, agricultural and occupational).
RESULTS
The equivalent noise levels (Leq) in the vicinity of the air-field were 73.4~81.5 dB (A). Tinnitus prevalence was 47.3% and odds ratio (OR) was 2.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09~3.88) among noise-exposed males. Tinnitus prevalence was 50.8% and OR was 1.97(95% CI: 1.17~3.30) among noise-exposed females. Tinnitus handicap scores among exposed group were significantly higher in functional, emotional, and catastrophic subclasses (p<0.001). PTA revealed hearing thresholds among the exposed group of 0.5 and 1 kHz (male right ear), 0.5 and 1 kHz (female left ear) and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 kHz on female right ear that were significantly higher than those of the unexposed group. No significant difference in DPOAE was observed among noise-exposed males. However, significant differences were evident for noise-exposed females at 3175 and 4007 Hz. ORs of right female ears 3175 and 4007 Hz were 1.73(95% CI: 1.01~2.99) and 1.78(95% CI: 1.01~3.15). ORs of left female ears at 3175 Hz and 4007 Hz were 1.92(95% CI: 1.10~3.36) and 2.71(95% CI: 1.49~4.91) CONCLUSIONS: Aircraft noise may adversely affect hearing function and tinnitus.

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Kyoo Sang Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S62. CrossRef

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An Outbreak of Acute Beryllium Disease in a Compound Metal Alloy Factory: Hyunjoo Kim, Woo Chul Jeong, Young Koo Jee, Dae Seong Kim, Seong Kyu Kang, Sangchul Roh, Kyutag Cho, Donghyun Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(1):1-8. Published online March 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.1.1

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
We conducted an epidemiological survey to inquire into an outbreak of acute pneumonitis after two reported cases of interstitial lung disease.
METHODS
The study subjects were 45 workers from a compound metal alloy factory. We reviewed the factory's industrial hygiene data along with the results of a special health examination, including pulmonary function tests, simple chest X-rays, and high resolution computed tomography.
RESULTS
The air concentrations of beryllium ranged from 0.42 microgram/m3 to 112.3 microgram/m3, and the mean concentration of urinary beryllium were 1.53+/-0.79 microgram/g of creatinine in the molding workers, 1.41+/- 0.50 microgram/g of creatinine in the casting workers, and 1.16+/-0.53 microgram/g of creatinine in the sorting workers. The rates for cough (p=0.054), dyspnea (p=0.030), and the use of medical services (p=0.018) were higher in the molding workers than in the non-molding workers. The incidence rate of acute interstitial lung disease was higher for the molding process (32.0%) than for the non-molding process (5.0%) (p=0.012). The time of employment for all patients was prior to December 1st, 2002.
CONCLUSIONS
Since most of the patients were molding workers, and all of the patients had worked without a ventilation system, this outbreak of acute interstitial lung disease was regarded as acute beryllium disease. Although the direct cause of the epidemic was the beryllium fumes, the fundamental cause was improper control of the work environment. Therefore, the means for preventing avoidable epidemics of occupational diseases are discussed.

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Effects of Beryllium on Human Serum Immunoglobulin and Lymphocyte Subpopulation
Ki-Woong Kim, DaeSeong Kim, Yong Lim Won, Seong-Kyu Kang
Toxicological Research.2013; 29(2): 115. CrossRef

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Pulmonary Function Changes of Ozone Exposed Workers in a Film Manufacturing Company: Yoomi Chae, Hyunjoo Kim, Sangchul Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(3):215-222. Published online September 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.3.215

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
To investigate the pulmonary function changes of ozone exposure in Corona and Slitter workers exposed to an ozone level ranging from 0.022~0.061 ppm.
METHODS
Forty-two subjects were exposed for 8hrs to ozone every day. We perfomed pulmonary function testing immediately before and after work and self-administered, portable peak flow meter measurements were self-conducted by the workers over a 5-day (Monday to Friday) period.
RESULTS
Ozone concentrations in the workplace ranging from 0.050~0.061 ppm at Corona and 0.022~0.023 ppm at Slitter in 2006. A small decrement in forced-vital capacity were observed among Corona workers from 93.9% to 91.3% (p=0.012) and also in employment duration below ten years. We found no significant differences in before and after FVC and FEV1 among Slitter workers. All daily (Monday to Friday) peak expiratory flow rates declined in magnitude after two days of ozone exposure, compared with first day exposure.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that daily ozone exposure in the workplace slightly decreased pulmonary function and that PEFR variability is greatest on the 2nd day of ozone exposure.

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A Study of Ozone Variations in a Semiconductor Fabrication Facility and Office Related to the Ozone Concentration in the Outdoor Air
Ji-Eun Lee, Myung-Koo Jung, Kwang-Min Choi
Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2016; 26(2): 188. CrossRef

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Sleep Patterns and Morning Heart Rate Variability Among Daytime Workers in Korea: Chang Ho sohn, Min Sook Kim, Hyunjoo Kim, Soo Young Kim, Ji Ho Lee, Hyung Joon Jhun, Jong Min Woo; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(3):208-215. Published online September 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.3.208

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OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to evaluate the sleep patterns in a population of Korean labor workers and to assess the activity of the autonomic nervous system in relation to sleep habits.
METHODS
A sampler of 1238 daytime workers (male 911, female 327) completed questionnaires on sleep habits and their short term heart rate variability(HRV) was also examined. We used the SA-2000 (medi-core) instrument for 5 minutes for each participant in the morning and performed basic physical examinations including height, weight, and blood pressure.
RESULTS
Bed time and wake up time were negatively correlated with age, while the frequencies of waking up through the night and in the early morning showed positive correlation with age. We found that bed time and wake up time during weekdays, sleep latency during weekdays, frequency of waking up through the night, and the degree of sleepiness all varied significantly according to the average nightly amount of sleep within the last week. There was a positive correlation between wake up time at weekdays with mean heart rate. However, the other variables of sleep habits and pattern did not show significant correlation with HRV.
CONCLUSION
Among Korean daytime workers, sleep phases become advanced with aging. In spite of the aging processes, general sleep health seems to be maintained among the healthy worker group. However, short-term HRV was not useful parameter to measure the alternation of autonomic nervous system resulting from the difference of sleep habits and pattern.

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Eun-Jeong Hong
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Factors related with quality on sleep of daytime workers
Bu-il Kim, Seong-yong Yoon, Jin-seok Kim, Kuck-Hyeun Woo, Seong-yong Cho, Ho Lee, Jong-min An
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
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Min Soo Ko, Yong Lee Jang, Jin Sook Choi, Hyun Bo Shim, Hee Jung Nam, Mee Suk Wang, In Deok Lee, Hae Woo Lee
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2016; 55(3): 271. CrossRef

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Symptom prevalence and Primary intervention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and their related factors among manufacturing workers: Hyunjoo Kim, Woo Cheol Jeong; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(2):116-128. Published online June 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.2.116

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OBJECTIVES
To investigate the symptom prevalence and the primary intervention of work-related musculoskeletal diseases(WMSDs) and their related factors among manufacturing workers.
METHOD
A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on 2,457 workers, at 22 enterprises in Chungnam province, Korea, from September 1 to December 1, 2003. The contents of the questionnaire included general and work-related characteristics, musculoskeletal symptoms and workers' past one-year experience of primary interventions.
RESULTS
1. The overall symptom prevalence of the musculoskeletal diseases was 23.9%. The WMSD symptom prevalences at the neck/shoulder, arm/elbow, hand/wrist and back/leg were 14.8%. 2.7%. 7.3% and 12.0%, respectively. 2. In multivariate analysis, all WMSD symptom prevalences were high in the high workload, high force & high repetitiveness, and 'high job strain' groups. The WMSD symptom prevalence at neck/shoulder was also high in females and the group experiencing low social support from the supervisor. 3. The rates of the primary interventions were as follows : 13.7% for health education, 5.8% for health counselling, 18.8% for preventive exercise, 24.7% for ergonomic intervention, and 9.8% for administrative intervention. 4. In multivariate analysis, the size of the enterprises and the type of occupational health management system(OHMS) were significantly associated with all primary interventions except health counselling(p<0.05). The other individual-level predictive factors were as follows. Those for the health education were male and union presence. Those for the health counselling were older age(> or =40 years), irregular employment, and the active group of Karasek's job strain model. Those for the preventive exercise were male, older age, longer tenure and regular employment. Those for the ergonomic intervention were longer tenure, job of physical force and/or repetitiveness, high job stain and the group experiencing high social support from the supervisor. The predictive factor for the administrative intervention was male (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
To establish an effective strategy for the primary prevention of WMSDs, approaches are needed which consider the individual nature of small and medium sized enterprises. IAlso necessary is to promote the participation of labor and management because the activation of the primary intervention was associated with the type of OHMS and union presence. Moreover the reduction of workload and increased intervention into the high risk group could be effective in the prevention of WMSDs.

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Effect of Physical Therapy Based Tailored Exercise Program on Pain, Accident incidence Rates, and Lost Days of Work in Manufacturing Worker: Single Subject Design
Kwon-Woo Lee, Won-Ho Kim
Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine.2017; 12(2): 113. CrossRef
Musculoskeletal Workload Evaluation in Physical Therapist
Youn-Bum Sung, Hyung-Seok Seo, Jung-Ho Lee, Young-Han Park
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(9): 3999. CrossRef
Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Agricultural Workers
Soo-Jin Lee, Hwan-Jin Park
Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea.2011; 30(4): 525. CrossRef

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Effectiveness and Factors Associated with the Control of Hypertension in Apartment Management Workers : Provided with Occupational Health Services: Soon Hwan Kang, Hyunjoo Kim, Youngkyu Kim, Jung Wan Koo; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(4):426-435. Published online December 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.4.426

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OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the visiting occupational health services(OHS)and the factors associated with the proper control of blood pressure in hypertensive apartment management workers.
METHODS
The study group included 60 workers,who were visited and followed up regularly by a nurse for a period of more than 6 months.We checked the risk factors of hypertension, blood pressure and provided hypertension control methods every 2 months.
RESULTS
Mean systolic blood pressure decreased from 151.9 mmHg at the first visit to 141.1 mmHg at the last visit, and mean diastolic blood pressure also decreased from 93.6 mmHg to 87.1 mmHg (p<0.01).The number of workers who had regular exercise more than once a week increased from 7 (11.7%)at the first visit to 34 (56.7%)at the last visit, and the number of workers taking hypertensive medicines increased from 4 (6.7%) to 26 (43.3%)(p<0.01). The percentage of workers who either changed their life style or began taking hypertensive medication over the course of the action undertaken by the occupational health services showed a significant differences, 36.8%in the shorter intervention group, 43.5%in intermediate intervention group, and 72.2%in longer intervention group (p<0.05). Among those who were on shift work for less than 10 years was 32 (78.0%), while the corresponding number was only 9 (22.0%) for those who were on shift work for more than 10 years (p<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that the visiting OHS was effective in bringing about a reduction in blood pressure, as well as an improvement in life style habits and in the use of medication. It suggests that occupational factors should be taken into account for the proper control of blood pressure in hypertensive apartment management workers.

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Risk Factor Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Symptoms for Guards
Kyung-Sun Lee, In-Seok Lee, Hyun-Joo Kim, KyungHee Jung-Choi, Jin-Wook Bahk, Myung-Chul Jung
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