Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Review

Recognition criteria for occupational cancers in relation to hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in Korea: Hogil Kim, Yun Kyung Chung, Inah Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:6. Published online January 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0217-0

The goal of this study was to review the scientific basis for the recognition of occupational cancer, in relation to hepatitis viral infections in Korea. Most Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in Korea occur as vertical infections, but these are decreasing rapidly due to vaccination. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is known to be transmitted through parenteral routes, but the transmission route is often unclear. Most occupational infections of hepatitis virus involve accidental injuries of medical institution workers while using virus-contaminated medical devices. Many cohort studies and case-control studies have consistently reported that HBV and HCV infection increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the strength of this association is high. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma appears to be associated with HCV. Cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, leukemia, and thyroid cancer are considered to be less related or unrelated to epidemiological causation. There are no uniform international specific criteria for occupational cancer caused through occupational exposure to a hepatitis virus. In establishing appropriate standards applicable to Korea, there should be sufficient consideration of latency, virus exposure levels and frequency, and other cancers, apart from HCC.

In conclusion, we recommend keeping the current specific criteria. However, if a worker is injured at work when using a sharp medical device, and HBV and HCV viral infections are confirmed through serologic tests; if the worker is diagnosed as having a chronic HBV or HCV infection, a subsequent HCC (or Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma following chronic HCV infection) can then be considered highly related to the worker’s occupation.

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Seroprevalence of measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella-zoster antibodies in new female nurses in the Republic of Korea
Yeongjae Yoo, Won-Ju Park, Seunghyeon Cho, Dae-Young Lim, Suwhan Kim, Wonyang Kang, Hyeonjun Kim, Jai-Dong Moon
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Low expression of IL-37 protein is correlated with high Oct4 protein expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Hongsheng Guo, Peng Li, Liudan Su, Kun Wu, Kai Huang, Ruizhi Lai, Jing Xu, Dingbao Sun, Shuxian Li, Ziliang Deng, Yan Wang, Haina Guo, Zhangquan Chen, Sen Wang
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Case Report

The work-relatedness at a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a radiation oncologist: Bong Hyun Kim, Young-Jun Kwon, Young-Su Ju, Bong Kyu Kim, Hyun Seok Lee, Sang-gil Lee, Yun Kyung Chung; Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:28. Published online June 27, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0186-8

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Clinicians who perform radiation therapy (RT) are exposed to radiation, which may negatively affect their health. The present study reports a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a healthcare provider who was exposed to radiation at work; we also present a literature review of this topic.
Case presentation
A 45-year-old patient, who had been a radiation oncologist and had been exposed to radiation while performing brachytherapy 10 years ago, complained of chest pain and was suspected of having leukemia based on the results of a blood test in an outpatient clinic. He was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and subsequently underwent chemotherapy. However, the case died during treatment. Through epidemiological investigation, it was found that the case’s cumulative exposure dose based on personal exposure and spatial dose measured during the work period was in the range of 6.08–12.15 mSv.
Conclusions
Based on the following considerations, acute lymphoblastic leukemia was highly correlated with the level of radiation to which the case was exposed while performing brachytherapy on patients with cancer. Firstly, the latent period of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the case closely matched the latency time reported in previous published studies (5–10 years). In addition, numerous studies have reported significantly higher relative risks of cancer among clinicians who perform RT compared with the general population. The case was also atypically exposed to radiation through his hands, despite wearing protective equipment. Lastly, the case’s coworkers were also found to have been exposed to high levels of radiation. Investigation into the influence of radiation exposure through atypical routes during RT on the health of clinicians is recommended.

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Research Article

The effect of aircraft noise on sleep disturbance among the residents near a civilian airport: a cross-sectional study: Kyeong Min Kwak, Young-Su Ju, Young-Jun Kwon, Yun Kyung Chung, Bong Kyu Kim, Hyunjoo Kim, Kanwoo Youn; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:38. Published online September 2, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0123-2

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

Aircraft noise is a major environmental noise problem. This study was conducted in order to investigate the relationship between sleep disturbance and exposure to aircraft noise on the residents who are living near an airport.

Methods

There were 3308 residents (1403 in the high exposure group, 1428 in the low exposure group, and 477 in the non-exposure group) selected as the subjects for this study. The Insomnia severity Index (ISI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaires were used to evaluate sleep disturbance.

Results

The mean ISI and ESS scores were 6.9 ± 6.4 and 5.5 ± 3.7, respectively, and the average scores were significantly greater in the aircraft noise exposure group, as compared to the non-exposure group. The percentage of the abnormal subjects, which were classified according to the results of the ISI and ESS, was also significantly greater in the noise exposure group, as compared to the control group. The odd ratios for insomnia and daytime hypersomnia were approximately 3 times higher in the noise exposure group, as compared to the control group.

Conclusions

The prevalence of insomnia and daytime hypersomnia was higher in the aircraft noise exposure group, as compared to the control group. Further study is deemed necessary in order to clarify the causal relationship.

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Melanie Schubert, Karla Romero Starke, Julia Gerlach, Matthias Reusche, Pauline Kaboth, Wolfram Schmidt, Dieter Friedemann, Janice Hegewald, Hajo Zeeb, Andrea Zülke, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, Andreas Seidler
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(6): 4903. CrossRef
Characterizing temporal trends in populations exposed to aircraft noise around U.S. airports: 1995–2015
Daniel D. Nguyen, Jonathan I. Levy, Chanmin Kim, Kevin J. Lane, Matthew C. Simon, Jaime E. Hart, Eric A. Whitsel, Trang VoPham, Andrew Malwitz, Junenette L. Peters
Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Renda Cui, Zhengjiang Liu, Xinjian Wang, Zaili Yang, Shiqi Fan, Yaqing Shu
Ocean Engineering.2022; 266: 112943. CrossRef
Environmental Noise and Effects on Sleep: An Update to the WHO Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Michael G. Smith, Makayla Cordoza, Mathias Basner
Environmental Health Perspectives.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Aircraft noise and vehicle traffic-related air pollution interact to affect preterm birth risk in Los Angeles, California
Sam E. Wing, Timothy V. Larson, Neelakshi Hudda, Sarunporn Boonyarattaphan, Irish Del Rosario, Scott Fruin, Beate Ritz
Science of The Total Environment.2022; 829: 154678. CrossRef
The impact of aircraft noise on vascular and cardiac function in relation to noise event number: a randomized trial
Frank P Schmidt, Johannes Herzog, Boris Schnorbus, Mir Abolfazl Ostad, Larissa Lasetzki, Omar Hahad, Gianna Schäfers, Tommaso Gori, Mette Sørensen, Andreas Daiber, Thomas Münzel
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Jiaqing O, Catrin Pugh-Jones, Bethany Clark, Jenna Trott, Lei Chang
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Aircraft Noise of Airport Community in Korea
Soo Hee Oh, Kyoungwon Lee
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Evidence Relating to Environmental Noise Exposure and Annoyance, Sleep Disturbance, Cardio-Vascular and Metabolic Health Outcomes in the Context of IGCB (N): A Scoping Review of New Evidence
Irene van Kamp, Sendrick Simon, Hilary Notley, Christos Baliatsas, Elise van Kempen
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(9): 3016. CrossRef
Effects of sound environment on the sleep of college students in China
Qi Meng, Jingwen Zhang, Jian Kang, Yue Wu
Science of The Total Environment.2020; 705: 135794. CrossRef
Association between Shift Work and Neurocognitive Function among Firefighters in South Korea: A Prospective before–after Study
Kyeongmin Kwak, Bong-Kyu Kim, Tae-Won Jang, Chang Sun Sim, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Kyeong-Sook Choi, Kyoung Sook Jeong
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(13): 4647. CrossRef
Health effects of pollution on the residential population near a Brazilian airport: A perspective based on literature review
Laís Fajersztajn, Mariana Tavares Guimarães, Etienne Duim, Tarsila Guimarães Vieira da Silva, Mirna Namie Okamura, Suzan Lúcia Brancher Brandão, Ana Elisa Ribeiro, Ludmila Macêdo Naud, Shane O'Sullivan, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Maria Regina Alves
Journal of Transport & Health.2019; 14: 100565. CrossRef
Impact of airport noise on the health situation of host communities: a case study of Obong victor Attah international airport, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria
Raimi Morufu Olalekan, Ihuoma Blossom ADINDU
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A statistical evaluation on flight operational characteristics affecting aircraft noise during take-off
Paolo Gagliardi, Luca Teti, Gaetano Licitra
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Spatial clusters of daytime sleepiness and association with nighttime noise levels in a Swiss general population (GeoHypnoLaus)
Stéphane Joost, José Haba-Rubio, Rebecca Himsl, Peter Vollenweider, Martin Preisig, Gérard Waeber, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Raphaël Heinzer, Idris Guessous
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2018; 221(6): 951. CrossRef
Development of Airport Noise Mapping using Matlab Software (Case Study: Adi Soemarmo Airport – Boyolali, Indonesia)
Pertiwi Andarani, Haryono Setiyo Huboyo, Diny Setyanti, Wiwik Budiawan, Hadiyanto, Sudarno, Maryono
E3S Web of Conferences.2018; 31: 12007. CrossRef
Comparative Study of the Effect of Aircraft Noise on Emotional States Between Airport Neighboring and City Residents
Bahman Kord Tamini, Mostafa Mirbaluchzahi Pak
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Environmental Noise and Sleep Disturbance: Night-to-Night Variability of Sleep/Wake Pattern
Seockhoon Chung, Soyoung Youn, Chul Lee, Min-Woo Jo, Jangho Park, Seong Woo Jo, Jiho Lee, Joo Hyun Sung, Chang Sun Sim
Sleep Medicine Research.2016; 7(2): 78. CrossRef

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Case Report

Carbon monoxide poisoning-induced cardiomyopathy from charcoal at a barbecue restaurant: a case report: Hyun-Jun Kim, Yun Kyung Chung, Kyeong Min Kwak, Se-Jin Ahn, Yong-Hyun Kim, Young-Su Ju, Young-Jun Kwon, Eun-A Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:13. Published online April 28, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0063-2

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objective

Acute carbon monoxide poisoning has important clinical value because it can cause severe adverse cardiovascular effects and sudden death. Acute carbon monoxide poisoning due to charcoal is well reported worldwide, and increased use of charcoal in the restaurant industry raises concern for an increase in occupational health problems. We present a case of carbon monoxide poisoning induced cardiomyopathy in a 47-year-old restaurant worker.

Materials and methods

A male patient was brought to the emergency department to syncope and complained of left chest pain. Cardiac angiography and electrocardiography were performed to rule out acute ischemic heart disease, and cardiac markers were checked. After relief of the symptoms and stabilization of the cardiac markers, the patient was discharged without any complications.

Results

Electrocardiography was normal, but cardiac angiography showed up to a 40% midsegmental stenosis of the right coronary artery with thrombotic plaque. The level of cardiac markers was elevated at least 5 to 10 times higher than the normal value, and the carboxyhemoglobin concentration was 35% measured at one hour after syncope. Following the diagnosis of acute carbon monoxide poisoning induced cardiomyopathy, the patient’s medical history and work exposure history were examined. He was found to have been exposed to burning charcoal constantly during his work hours.

Conclusions

Severe exposure to carbon monoxide was evident in the patient because of high carboxyhemoglobin concentration and highly elevated cardiac enzymes. We concluded that this exposure led to subsequent cardiac injury. He was diagnosed with acute carbon monoxide poisoning-induced cardiomyopathy due to an unsafe working environment. According to the results, the risk of exposure to noxious chemicals such as carbon monoxide by workers in the food service industry is potentially high, and workers in this sector should be educated and monitored by the occupational health service to prevent adverse effects.

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The quality of artisanal charcoal sold for domestic use in Tucuruí municipality in the Brazilian Amazon
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Self-Reported, Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses Among Restaurant Workers in Shiraz City, South of Iran
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Network Analysis of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Emissions in China
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Research Article

The effect of organisational system on self-rated depression in a panel of male municipal firefighters: Se-Jin An, Yun Kyung Chung, Bong Hyun Kim, Kyeong Min Kwak, Jun-Seok Son, Jung-wan Koo, Young-Su Ju, Young-Jun Kwon; Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:1. Published online January 14, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0044-x

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The present study evaluated the effects of job stress, including organisational system to self-rated depression through a panel study of male municipal firefighters in the Republic of Korea.

Methods

A panel of 186 municipal firefighters reported self-rated depressive symptoms according to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The effects of job stress were evaluated using the Korea Occupational Stress Scale, taken one year earlier and classified by the median value. Panel members were classified into Depression or Control groups according to BDI scores, with a cut-off level of ‘over mild depression’ in a follow-up survey.

Results

The Depression group included 17 (9.1%) workers. Firefighters who scored high on occupational system had an 8.3 times greater risk of being assigned to the Depression group than those who had not (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 8.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [1.73–37.22]). In contrast, job stress from a ‘difficult physical environment’ revealed negative risks related to being classified in the Depression group (AOR = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.04–0.92]).

Conclusions

Although the healthy worker effect may be involved, job stress based on perceptions of organisational system was a strong risk factor for depression. A comprehensive approach should be considered that encompasses social issues when assessing or mental health in high-risk groups, as well as the practical issue of physiochemical hazards.

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Yebo Yu, Fan Yang, Mingqi Fu, Farooq Ahmed, Muhammad Shahid, Jing Guo
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Case Report

A Case of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis with Giant Cells in a Female Dental Technician: Yong-Hyun Kim, Yun Kyung Chung, Changhwan Kim, Eun suk Nam, Hyun-Jun Kim, Youngsu Joo; Ann Occup Environ Med 2013;25:19-19. Published online October 4, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-25-19

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

Dental technicians are exposed to methyl methacrylate(MMA) and hard metal dusts while working, and several cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by the exposure have been reported. The authors experienced a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a female dental technician who had 10 years’ work experience and report the case with clinical evidence.

Method

The patient’s work, personal, social, and past and present medical histories were investigated based on patient questioning and medical records. Furthermore, the workplace conditions and tools and materials the patient worked with were also evaluated. Next, the pathophysiology and risk factors of pneumonitis were studied, and studies on the relationship between hypersensitivity pneumonitis and a dental technician’s exposure to dust were reviewed. Any changes in the clinical course of her disease were noted for evaluation of the work-relatedness of the disease.

Results

The patient complained of cough and sputum for 1 year. In addition, while walking up the stairs, the patient was not able to ascend without resting due to dyspnea. She visited our emergency department due to epistaxis, and secondary hypertension was incidentally suspected. Laboratory tests including serologic, electrolyte, and endocrinologic tests and a simple chest radiograph showed no specific findings, but chest computed tomography revealed a centrilobular ground-glass pattern in both lung fields. A transbronchial biopsy was performed, and bronchoalveolar washing fluid was obtained. Among the findings of the laboratory tests, microcalcification, noncaseating granuloma containing foreign body-type giant cells, and metal particles within macrophages were identified histologically. Based on these results, hypersensitivity pneumonitis was diagnosed. The patient stopped working due to admission, and she completely quit her job within 2 months of restarting work due to reappearance of the symptoms.

Conclusion

In this study, the patient did not have typical radiologic findings, but pathological evaluation of the lung biopsy from the bronchoscope led to the suspicion of pneumonitis. Under the microscope, the sample contained fibrotic changes in the lung, multinucleated giant cells, and particles in macrophages and was diagnosed as dental technician pneumoconiosis by the pathology. Working as a dental technician had directly exposed her to light metal dust and MMA, and her clinical symptoms and radiologic findings subsided after withdrawal from exposure to the workplace. These outcomes led to the diagnosis of hypersensitity pneumonitis due to MMA exposure and strong work-relatedness.

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Original Articles

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Work-related Low Back Pain Among Operators and Drivers of Transportation Vehicle: Kyong Sok Shin, Yun Kyung Chung, Hye Eun Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(1):11-19. Published online March 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.1.11

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study is conducted to investigate the prevalence of work-related back pain among Driving and Transport Related Occupations and to identify the risk of mechanical factors and psychosocial factors.
METHODS
Subjects were 779 operators and drivers of transportation vehicles selected from respondents from the 1st Korean Working condition survey. The occupation risk factors, including socioeconomic, ergonomic, psychosocial factors, were investigated. We used the multiple logistic regression analysis to determine the relationship between risk factors and low back pain.
RESULTS
The prevalence of self-reported work-related low back pain was 27.7%. Adjusting for confounding factors, we determined that whole body vibration(OR 1.64 95% CI: 1.09~2.48), tiring posture(OR 5.18, 95% CI: 3.01~8.93), extended work(OR 1.91, 95% CI: 1.20~3.04), night-time work(OR 2.79, 95% CI: 1.86~4.19), evening work(OR 2.82, 95% CI: 1.78~4.46), shift work(OR 2.35, 95% CI: 1.30~4.26), job dissatisfaction (OR 2.65, 95% CI: 1.76~3.99), and experiencing physical violence at work(OR 5.31, 95% CI: 1.25~22.67) had meaningful relationships with low back pain.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that the psychosocial risk factors were the most significant factors among drivers of transportation vehicles in Korea. Therefore, we suggest a health promotion program to relieve Job stress as a solution to prevent and control low back pain among drivers of transportation vehicles in Korea.

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Jae-Gwang Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Sung Won Jung, Sang Woo Kim, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
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Gi-Yeol Kim, Jung-Lim Oh, Kyoung-Ok Hwang
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Taek-Sang Cho, Woo-Jin Jeon, Jin-Gu Lee, Jong-Min Seok, Jae-Hwan Cho
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Seo-Yeon Choi, Il-Gyu Park, Dong-Ho Rie
Journal of the Korea Safety Management and Science.2013; 15(4): 89. CrossRef

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Epidemiological Characteristics and Scale for Needlestick Injury in Some University Hospital Workers: Yong Hun Yun, Yun Kyung Chung, Jae Sim Jeong, Ihn Sook Jeong, Eun Suk Park, Sung Won Yoon, Hye Young Jin, Jin Hee Park, Si Hyun Han, Jeong Hwa Choi, Hye Ran Choi, Min Kyung Han, Soon Im Choi; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(4):371-378. Published online December 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.4.371

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
Based on multicenter research among tertiary hospitals in Korea, it was our intention to effectively contribute to the prevention of needlestick injuries by understanding the current state of the incidence rate of needlestick injuries and the related epidemiology with respect to medical institution and worker's characteristics.
METHODS
Ten hospitals were selected, with the research performed from July to September 2007. Data on cases of needlestick injuries were collected by hospital infection-controlling centers using a specifically developed website and a partially modified self-writing questionnaire based on the Exposure Prevention Information Network (EPINet).
RESULTS
During the study period, a total of 327 needlestick injury cases were reported, with an incidence of 10.56 cases per 100 patient beds per year. The existence of source of infection could not be confirmed in one third of the needlestick injuries. There were 4.07 incidences per 100 employees per year. The job with the highest incidence was medical doctor interns (18.66 cases), followed by clinical laboratory workers (7.12 cases) and registered nurses (6.66 cases).
CONCLUSIONS
There was no difference in number of incidences according to the number of beds. The highest number of cases occurred in the registered nurse-group, but the incidence rate per healthcare worker was the highest in the medical doctor intern-group. Therefore, it is important to conduct research to identify the risk of the incidence with respect to different risk-groups. As a result of this research, it is suggest that a protective policy is required relating to needlestick injuries, regardless of the number of beds and potential cause of infection.

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Needlestick and sharps injuries among healthcare workers in an oncology setting: a retrospective 7-year cross-sectional study
Sawsan Mubarak, Hadeel Al Ghawrie, Khawlah Ammar, Razan Abuwardeh
Journal of International Medical Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiology of occupational exposure to blood-borne viruses, postexposure prophylaxis and seroconversion over 10 years among healthcare workers
J.B. Lee, J.S. Choi
Journal of Hospital Infection.2023; 135: 18. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella-zoster antibodies in new female nurses in the Republic of Korea
Yeongjae Yoo, Won-Ju Park, Seunghyeon Cho, Dae-Young Lim, Suwhan Kim, Wonyang Kang, Hyeonjun Kim, Jai-Dong Moon
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Elimination of Lancet-Related Needlestick Injuries Using a Safety-Engineered Lancet: Experience in a Hospital
Hye-sun An, Suhui Ko, Ji Hwan Bang, Sang-Won Park
Infection & Chemotherapy.2018; 50(4): 319. CrossRef
Occupational blood exposures in health care workers: incidence, characteristics, and transmission of bloodborne pathogens in South Korea
Ju Hyun Lee, Junhyeon Cho, Yung Jung Kim, Sang Hyuk Im, Eun Sun Jang, Jin-Wook Kim, Hong Bin Kim, Sook-Hyang Jeong
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PLoS ONE.2013; 8(10): e77524. CrossRef

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Case Report

Hot Tub Lung Due to Mycobacterium Avium Complex in a Public Bath: Chung Won Kang, Yun Kyung Chung, Hye Eun Lee, Eun A Kim, Yun Chul Hong, Soo Hun Cho; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(2):166-172. Published online June 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.2.166

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Hot tub lung is a hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM); the primary causative agent is Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) post contaminated water exposure. Recently, 2 cases of hot tub lung were found in public bath bodyscrubbers working in Korea. However, the disease causing NTM was not identified in these cases. Here, we reported one case, along with clinical diagnostic approach to occupational medicine throughout worksite investigation.
CASE
A 53 year-old woman working in the public bath for 13 months' duration developed shortness of breath. She had been cleaning the locker room, several pools and floors every day, and using scrubbers with detergent and warm water. After examination, the patient was diagnosed with hypersensitivity pneumonitis based on high resolution computerized tomography and lung biopsy. Because the Mycobacterium avium was identified in both the patient's sputum and the warm pool, she was diagnosed with hot tub lung due to MAC.
CONCLUSION
Hot tub lung due to MAC was confirmed in public bath housekeeper. However, few cases have been reported, even though there are many cases. To prevent damages caused by hot tub lung, general environmental management such as ventilation and cleaning is important for bath operators. Likewise, awareness needs to be increased in workers with potential NTM environmental exposure and in clinicians through education about hot tub lung in order to reduce adverse harm from misdiagnosis and mistreatment of tuberculosis.

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Original Article

The Effect of Job Stress on Umemployment: Yun Kyung Chung, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, So Yong Park, Jung Yeon Hong, Sang Baek Koh, Sei Jin Chang; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(2):115-124. Published online June 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.2.115

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study estimated the relationship between job stress and unemployment through a 2-year follow-up study in the KOSS cohort.
METHODS
We established the KOSS cohort in 2004. Among this cohort, we selected 5680 persons with complete KOSS scores and resident registration numbers. We investigated the state of unemployment using unemployment insurance data from Jan. 2005 to Oct. 2006. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between job stress and unemployment. We also adjusted for age, education, marital status, experience of medical visiting, and size of enterprise.
RESULTS
Insufficient job control, interpersonal conflict, job insecurity, occupational system, and lack of reward were related to unemployment for men, while only lack of reward was an unemployment risk factor for women.
CONCLUSIONS
Insufficient job control, interpersonal conflict, job insecurity, occupational system, and lack of reward were found to be risk factors for male unemployment. Efforts should be made to reduce these job stressors as risk factors.

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BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Wonsup Cho, Myoungsoon You
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2013; 19(1): 63. CrossRef

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