Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Research Article

A study of job stress, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in display manufacturing workers: a cross-sectional study: Seung-hwan Ahn, Yong-Jin Lee, Eun-Chul Jang, Soon-Chan Kwon, Young-Sun Min, Seung-Hoon Ryu; Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e16. Published online June 2, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e16

Background

This study aimed to investigate the association between job stress and suicide ideation/attempts among display manufacturing workers.

Methods

Data were collected from 836 workers in a display manufacturing company who participated in health screenings from May 22 to June 16, 2017. The data included general characteristics, night work, job tenure, previous physician-diagnosed chronic diseases, suicidal ideation/suicide attempts, and job stress. We investigated suicidal ideation/suicide attempts that covered the past year by using a self-reported questionnaire. Job stress was measured using the 43-item Korean Occupational Stress Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between job stress and suicidal ideation/suicide attempts. The mediator effect of depression on suicidal ideation/suicide attempts was tested using a series of logistic regression by applying Baron and Kenny's mediation method.

Results

In the model adjusting for variables (e.g., age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, shift work, job tenure, chronic disease and depression), physical environment (OR: 3.60, 95% CI: 1.08–12.02), lack of reward (OR: 5.31, 95% CI: 1.54–18.34), and occupation climate (OR: 7.36, 95% CI: 2.28–23.72) were correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts in women. However, all subscales of job stress were not significantly correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts in men. In mediation analysis, job instability and occupational climate were correlated with suicidal ideation/suicide attempts and were mediated by depression in men workers.

Conclusions

In women workers, the experiences of suicidal ideation/suicide attempts were significantly correlated with the physical environment, lack of reward, and occupational climate that were subscales of job stress. In men workers, depression rather than job stress was correlated with experiences of suicidal ideation/suicide attempts.

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Relationship between job stress and impaired fasting glucose in male steel industry workers: a cross-sectional study
Hyun-Kyo Lee, Inho Lee, Jisuk Yun, Yong-Jin Lee, Eun-Chul Jang, Young-Sun Min, Soon-Chan Kwon
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
General work stress and suicide cognitions in health-care workers: mediating effect of hopelessness and job satisfaction
Abdulselami Sarigül, Alican Kaya, Izaddin Ahmad Aziz, Murat Yıldırım, Halil Ibrahim Özok, Francesco Chirico, Salvatore Zaffina
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Overview of the suicidal phenomenon in twenty-years autopsies at the Legal Medicine Unit of Pavia
G. Belli, V. Bolcato, J. Quaiotti, D. Cassinari, L. Tarchi, L. Tronconi, S. Damiani, N. Brondino, P. Politi, M. Moretti
Ethics, Medicine and Public Health.2022; 21: 100756. CrossRef

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Research Article

Descriptive study of claims for occupational mental disorders or suicide: Jihoon Lee, Inah Kim, Sooyong Roh; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:61. Published online October 20, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0147-7

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Background

This study aimed to identify the characteristics of claimed mental disorders. Because the workers believed the cause of the mental disorders was work-related stress or a specific event, we could identify the major work-related stressor for claimed cases.

Methods

We included claimed cases of occupational mental disorder or suicide reported during 2010–2014 to the Korea Workers Compensation and Welfare Service (KCOMWEL), established by Industrial Accidents Insurance (IACI) Act. We conducted qualitative analysis using a form specifically developed for this study as well as a quantitative analysis.

Results

Of the 569 claimed cases, 142 cases were recognized as occupational mental disorder or suicide. The approval rate was 24.9 %. Suicide was the most commonly approved mental disorder (23.0 %), followed by major depressive disorder (14.9 %). Regarding profession, 109 workers were managers, and 95 workers were office clerks. The main work-related stressors of the approved cases were acute stressful events (76 cases), long working hours (12 cases), and changes in workload (6 cases). The primary stressful events were work-related legal problems, workplace violence, and employment status-related issues.

Conclusion

Claims due to mental disorders or suicide increased during the 5-year study period, and the approval rate was approximately 33 %, and the main stressor of the claimed cases was an acute stressful event such as physiologic trauma, employment-related issues, fear of legal or financial responsibility, abrupt change in organizational responsibility, or workplace violence.

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Takashi Yamauchi, Takeshi Sasaki, Toru Yoshikawa, Shun Matsumoto, Masaya Takahashi, Machi Suka, Hiroyuki Yanagisawa
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2018; 60(4): e178. CrossRef
Incidence of overwork-related mental disorders and suicide in Japan
T Yamauchi, T Sasaki, T Yoshikawa, S Matsumoto, M Takahashi
Occupational Medicine.2018; 68(6): 370. CrossRef
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Takashi YAMAUCHI, Toru YOSHIKAWA, Takeshi SASAKI, Shun MATSUMOTO, Masaya TAKAHASHI, Machi SUKA, Hiroyuki YANAGISAWA
Industrial Health.2018; 56(1): 85. CrossRef

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Research Article

Factors associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers in Korea: Junsu Byun, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim, Hye-Eun Lee, Se-Eun Kim, Jongin Lee; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:31. Published online August 2, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0120-5

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

There were several suicide events of subway drivers in Korea. The aim of this study is to explore work-related factors associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers.

Methods

We analyzed data from 980 male subway drivers. A section of the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI 2.1) was administered by trained interviewers to judge whether a driver has suicide ideation and to diagnose psychiatric disorders. A questionnaire was also administered to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, work environments, occupational stress, person under train (PUT) experience, and work-related problems. Occupational stress was examined by using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS). Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between work-related factors and suicide ideation among subway drivers.

Results

Regarding work-related problems, conflict with passengers and sudden stops due to the emergency bell were significantly associated with suicide ideation. MDD, PTSD, and panic disorder were strongly associated with suicide ideation. In the analysis of occupational stress, insufficient job control (OR 2.34) and lack of reward (OR 2.52) were associated with suicide ideation even after being adjusted for psychiatric disorders and other work-related factors.

Conclusions

Insufficient job control and lack of reward were associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers. Strategies for drivers to have autonomy while working and to achieve effort-reward balance should be implemented. Furthermore, drivers who have experienced negative work-related problems should be managed appropriately.

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Boris E. Cendales, Viviola Gómez-Ortiz, Sergio A. Useche, Leonor Cedillo, Daryl W.H. Stephenson, Paul Landsbergis
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Lai-Bao Zhuo, Wu Yao, Zhen Yan, Maria S.T. Giron, Jin-Jing Pei, Hui-Xin Wang
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A study of job stress, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in display manufacturing workers: a cross-sectional study
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Original Article

Association between Long Working Hours and Suicidal Ideation: Ki Ung Kim, Shin Goo Park, Hwan Cheol Kim, Jong Han Lim, Sung June Lee, Sung Hwan Jeon, Yong Suk Huh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(4):339-346. Published online December 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.4.339

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between long working hours and suicidal ideation.
METHODS
Data based on the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Health and Nutrition Examination Survey_(2007~2009) pertaining to a total of 4,539 full-time workers were analyzed. Working hours were divided into four groups (<40 hours/week, 40~51 hours/week, 52~60 hours/week, >60 hours/week). The relationship between working hours and suicidal ideation was then analyzed after adjusting for general and occupational characteristics using a multivariate logistic regression model.
RESULTS
Working 40-51 hours/week showed the lowest suicidal ideation(9.5%), whereas working 52~59 hours/week, over 60 hours/week and less than 40 hours/week showed suicidal ideations of 14.8%, 15.7% and 17.2% respectively. Even after adjusting for general and occupational characteristics, employees working 40~51 hours/week had the lowest suicidal ideation. Working 52~59 hour/week, over 60 hours/week and less than 40 hours/week showed an odds ratios of 1.413(p-value: 0.058), 1.380(p-value: 0.020) and 1.164(p-value: 0.358) respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that working long hours, especially over 60 hours per week, is related to suicidal ideation.

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Relationship between Long Working Hours and Suicidal Thoughts: Nationwide Data from the 4th and 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
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Original Article

Suicide Trend of Standardized Mortality Ratio and Age Standardized Proportion Mortality Ratio According to Occupational Groups in Korea: 1993-2007: Jin Ha Yoon, Ki Hyun Lee, Kyu Yeon Hahn, Sei Jin Chang, Bong Suk Cha, Seong Ho Min, Kyung Suk Lee, Hye Seon Chae, Aeyong Eom, Sang Baek Koh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(2):173-182. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.2.173

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
A number of studies on the trends of socioeconomic differences in suicide mortality have indicated that these inequality gaps have widened over time and highlight that certain occupations have more suicide risk than others. However suicide rates according to occupation based socioeconomic position have not been frequently studied in Korea. The purpose of this study is to report trends and inequality of suicide according to occupation based social class during 1993-2007 in Korea and to identify occupations with significantly high standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) for both men and women.
METHODS
Korean census records for the years 1995, 2000, and 2005 were linked with the cause of death records from Korean National Statistical Office (KNSO) for the periods 1993-1997, 1998-2003, and 2004-2007 respectively. This data was used to calculate age adjusted proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for both men and women aged 25~54 years according to five occupation based socioeconomic positions.
RESULTS
Among men, the agricultural-fishery-forestry group had the greatest suicide rate (SMR: 341) with a high PMR (113) and the manual labor group showed the highest PMR (118), while the managers-professional occupation group showed the lowest sPMR (78) and SMR (21). Among women, the agricultural-fishery group had the highest score in SMR (316) and PMR (130), and the technical-artificer group showed the lowest sPMR (71) and SMR (27). The inequality gaps in the suicide mortality rate according to occupation had widened during 1998-2002, but showed a recovery trend plot after 2003.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the occupation based socioeconomic inequalities show a recovery trend after 2003, the excess inequality from suicide remains as high as it was prior to the 2002 year in some occupational groups. The results of the current study indicate that the manual and agricultural-fishery-forestry groups were high risk groups of suicide.

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Original Article

The Association between Nonstandard Employment and Suicidal Ideation: Data from the First~Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: Woncheol Lee, Jaehyeok Ha; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(1):89-97. Published online March 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.1.89

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
In light of the high percentage of nonstandard workers and the high suicide rates in South Korea since the 1997 economic crisis, we examined the association between nonstandard employment and suicidal ideation among South Korean employees.
METHODS
We analyzed data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) I, II, III and IV, conducted in 1998, 2001, 2005 and 2007-2009, respectively (13,632 waged workers aged 20-69 years). Employment status was categorized into standard and nonstandard (part-time, temporary and daily) employment. Prevalence ratios (PRs) for self-reported suicidal ideation were compared between nonstandard and standard workers according to each survey wave.
RESULTS
After adjusting for background variables, the risk for suicidal ideation was consistently higher among nonstandard workers in every survey wave. In women, the PRs for suicidal ideation of nonstandard workers compared with standard ones were 1.24~1.37 and all of them were statistically significant. In men, those PRs were 1.36~1.52 with (marginal) statistical significance except for the First KNHANES (1998). Because nonstandard employment is closely related to other factors of suicidal ideation, these estimates are unlikely to have been underestimated.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest the impact of employment status on suicidal ideation and the need for further prospective investigation that lead to policies aimed at improving the problematic labor markets.

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