Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Research Article

The association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean wage workers: data from the fourth Korean working conditions survey (a cross-sectional study): Jae-Gwang Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Sung Won Jung, Sang Woo Kim, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee; Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:67. Published online December 3, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0278-0

Background

It has been reported that long working hours are hazardous to the workers’ health. Especially, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have been considered as one of the significant health issues in workplace. The objective of this study was to identify the association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms.

Methods

The analysis was conducted using data from the Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). Subjects of this study were 24,783 wage workers and divided into three groups according to the weekly working hours, which were ≤ 40, 41–52 and > 52 h. The relationship between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression method after adjusting for general, occupational characteristics including specific working motions or postures and psychosocial factors.

Results

Approximately 18.4% of subjects worked more than 52 h per week and 26.4 and 16.4% of male subjects and 33.0 and 23.4% of female subjects experienced work-related upper and lower limb pains, respectively, over the last 12 months. Moreover, the prevalence of upper and lower limb pain was increased in both genders as the weekly working hours increased. The odds ratios (ORs) of upper limb pain for those working 41–52 h and more than 52 h per week when adjusted for general, occupational characteristics including specific motions or postures and psychosocial factors were 1.36 and 1.40 for male workers and 1.26 and 1.66 for female workers compared to the reference group, respectively. Furthermore, ORs of lower limb pain for the same weekly working hour groups were 1.26 and 1.47 for male workers and 1.20 and 1.47 for female workers, respectively.

Conclusions

Long working hours were significantly related to work-related musculoskeletal symptoms in Korean wage workers and appropriate interventions should be implemented to reduce long working hours that can negatively affect workers’ health.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Assessment of the musculoskeletal discomfort scale for upper limb among workers in inner Brazil
Lara Karine Dias Silva, Alline Thamyres Claudino da Silva, Camyla Ferreira Moreno, Eloyse Ricely Machado de Souza, Tamires Fernanda Barbosa Nunes, Larissa Ane Hora de Souza, Lizandra Garcia Lupi Vergara, Jonhatan Magno Norte da Silva, Karen Jacobs, Remko
Work.2024; 78(1): 83. CrossRef
Study of musculoskeletal disorders risk factors and discomfort in sculptors in the north of Mexico
Patricia Eugenia Sortillón-González, Aidé Aracely Maldonado-Macías, David Saénz-Zamarrón, Juan Luis Hernandez-Arellano, Enrique Javier De la Vega-Bustillos, Karen Jacobs, Remko Soer
Work.2024; 78(1): 55. CrossRef
‘Wait…, let me tell you, if I worked for a boss, I would be on sick leave': A Qualitative Study of Self-Employed Workers in Physically Demanding Jobs in the Netherlands
Bart Cillekens, Judith M. Mollet, Rixt A. Smit, P. Paul F. M. Kuijer, Pieter Coenen
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation.2024; 34(3): 644. CrossRef
Biomechanical risk factors and subacromial pain provocation in healthy manufacturing workers
Claudio Muñoz-Poblete, Jaqueline Inostroza, Juan Carranza-Leiva
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics.2024; : 1. CrossRef
Investigation of prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders among tea harvesting farmers – A systematic review
Bahram Kouhnavard, Mojtaba Khosravi Danesh, Mansour Shamsipour, Adel Mazloumi
Work.2024; : 1. CrossRef
Work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among Saudi radiologists: a cross-sectional multi-centre study
Magbool Alelyani, Moawia Gameraddin, Abdullah Mohammed A. Khushayl, Aljoharah M. Altowaijri, Maryam Ibrahim Qashqari, Fahad Ali Ahmed Alzahrani, Awadia Gareeballah
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between irregular working hours and work-related musculoskeletal pain: results from the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey
Munyoung Yang, Jun-Pyo Myong, Jongin Lee, Min Young Park, Mo-Yeol Kang
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Longer working hours and musculoskeletal pain: a meta-analysis
Sohrab Amiri
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics.2023; 29(1): 1. CrossRef
Prevalence and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among emerging manufacturing workers in Beijing, China
Xiaowen Ding, Ziyi Guan, Nan Liu, Mingli Bi, Fang Ji, Huining Wang, Xueyan Zhang, Baolong Liu, Dongsheng Niu, Tian Lan, Tingting Xie, Jue Li, Tenglong Yan
Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The association between adverse ergonomic factors and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among medical staff in China: a cross-sectional study
Fei Liu, Ning Jia, Chuansha Wu, Jingzhi Sun, Gang Li, Huadong Zhang, Dongxia Li, Rugang Wang, Jing Liu, Tianlai Li, Jixiang Liu, Ruijie Ling, Zhongxu Wang
Ergonomics.2023; : 1. CrossRef
Does an increase in working hours affect mortality risk? The relationship between working hours and mortality among the older population
Murat A. Mercan, Hande Barlin, Nazire Begen
Work.2022; 71(3): 625. CrossRef
Associations Between Workplace Violence, Mental Health, and Physical Health among Korean Workers: The Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey
Hae Ran Kim
Workplace Health & Safety.2022; 70(3): 161. CrossRef
The incidence of work-related musculoskeletal pain among administrators in a South African university
L.M. Moraba, T.J. Ellapen, Y. Paul
African Journal for Physical Activity and Health Sciences (AJPHES).2022; 28(3): 218. CrossRef
The prevalence of MSDs and the associated risk factors in nurses of China
Liang Tang, Guozhen Wang, Wei Zhang, Jie Zhou
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics.2022; 87: 103239. CrossRef
Effects of multiple risk factors on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among workers in inner Brazil
Iris Lima da Silva, Eloyse Ricely Machado de Souza, Lara Karine Dias Silva, Alline Thamyres Claudino da Silva, Jonhatan Magno Norte da Silva
Work.2022; 72(3): 885. CrossRef
A Study on the Factors Influencing Overall Fatigue and Musculoskeletal Pains in Automobile Manufacturing Production Workers
Jun Won Kim, Byung Yong Jeong, Myoung Hwan Park
Applied Sciences.2022; 12(7): 3528. CrossRef
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders among Thai Burley Tobacco Farmers
Amarin Kongtawelert, Bryan Buchholz, Dusit Sujitrarath, Wisanti Laohaudomchok, Pornpimol Kongtip, Susan Woskie
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(11): 6779. CrossRef
Effectiveness and response differences of a multidisciplinary workplace health promotion program for healthcare workers
Kai-Hung Cheng, Ning-Kuang Wu, Chao-Tung Chen, Chih-Yu Hsu, Yen-An Lin, John Jiin-Chyuan Luo, Li-Ang Lee, Hai-Hua Chuang
Frontiers in Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and associated factors of lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders among manufacturing workers: a cross-sectional study in China
Xu Jin, Yidan Dong, Fujiang Wang, Ping Jiang, Zhongbin Zhang, Lihua He, Mikael Forsman, Liyun Yang
BMJ Open.2022; 12(2): e054969. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders among Regular and Special Education Teachers: A Narrative Review
Ahmad Asyraf Abdul Rahim, Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Dayang Maryama Ag Daud, Nicholas Pang, Mohd Fazeli Sazali
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(18): 11704. CrossRef
Investigating the relationship between working time characteristics on musculoskeletal symptoms: a cross sectional study
Jennifer L Garza, Jacqueline M Ferguson, Alicia G Dugan, Ragan E Decker, Rick A Laguerre, Adekemi O Suleiman, Jennifer M Cavallari
Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health.2022; 77(2): 141. CrossRef
Long working hours and risk of 50 health conditions and mortality outcomes: a multicohort study in four European countries
Jenni Ervasti, Jaana Pentti, Solja T. Nyberg, Martin J. Shipley, Constanze Leineweber, Jeppe K. Sørensen, Lars Alfredsson, Jakob B. Bjorner, Marianne Borritz, Hermann Burr, Anders Knutsson, Ida E.H. Madsen, Linda L. Magnusson Hanson, Tuula Oksanen, Jan H.
The Lancet Regional Health - Europe.2021; 11: 100212. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Female Readymade Garment Workers in Bangladesh: A Comparative Study Between OSH Compliant and Non-Compliant Factories
Mohammad Hayatun Nabi, Pornpimol Kongtip, Susan Woskie, Noppanun Nankongnab, Dusit Sujirarat, Suttinun Chantanakul
Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.2021; Volume 14: 1119. CrossRef
Influence of risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders on an inner population of northeastern Brazil
Deividson Sá Fernandes de Souza, Jonhatan Magno Norte da Silva, João Vítor de Oliveira Santos, Maria Sonaira Braz Alcântara, Manoel Gerônio Lino Torres
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics.2021; 86: 103198. CrossRef
The Relationship of Grip and Pinch Strength to Musculoskeletal Disorders in Female Carpet Weavers in Southeastern Iran, 2019
Naser Hashemi Nejad, Mostafa Mohammadian, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Esmail Charkhloo
Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021; 25(3): 138. CrossRef
The relationship between chronotypes and musculoskeletal problems in male automobile manufacturing workers
Suwhan Kim, Won-Ju Park, Seunghyeon Cho, Dae-Young Lim, Yeongjae Yoo, Hyeonjun Kim, Wonyang Kang, Kyung Wook Kang, Jai-Dong Moon
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The Association Between Long Working Hours and Infertility
Joonho Ahn, Sang Ha Lee, Min Young Park, Soo Hyun Oh, Wanhyung Lee
Safety and Health at Work.2021; 12(4): 517. CrossRef
Interaction between occupational physical burdens and low job control on musculoskeletal pain: Analysis of the 5th Korean Working Environment Survey
Jongin Lee, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim, Dong-Wook Lee, Mo-Yeol Kang
Journal of Occupational Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
PEMILIHAN ANALGESIK EKSTERNAL UNTUK MENGATASI NYERI OTOT PADA KULI ANGKUT PUSAT GROSIR SURABAYA
Nida Septioning Sukma, Devy Maulidya Cahyani, Yuniar Tri Saskia Revi, Evelyn Clarissa Febiany, Fatihatul Alifiyah, Berlian Sarasitha Hariawan, Iffah Khosyyatillah, Ni’matul Khoiriyyah, Savira Putri Ayuningtyas, Firda Rosyidah, Mufarrihah Mufarrihah
Jurnal Farmasi Komunitas.2020; 7(1): 23. CrossRef
Factors Related to Physical and Mental Health in Workers With Different Categories of Employment
Jungsun Park, Yangho Kim
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2020; 62(7): 511. CrossRef
Prevalence and predictors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers of a gold mine in south Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo
Alfred Okello, Solomon Tsebeni Wafula, Deogratias K. Sekimpi, Richard K. Mugambe
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of Exposure to a Combination of Ergonomic Risk Factors with Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Korean Workers
Jungsun Park, Yangho Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(24): 9456. CrossRef
Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms and associated risk factors among domestic gas workers and staff of works department in Enugu, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Chinenye Doris Oluka, Esther Obidike, Antoninus Obinna Ezeukwu, Ogochukwu Kelechi Onyeso, Echezona Nelson Dominic Ekechukwu
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors related to the risk of illness of nursing staff at work in a psychiatric institution
Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa Sousa, Regina Célia Gollner Zeitoune, Luciana Fernandes Portela, Gisele Massante Peixoto Tracera, Katerine Gonçalves Moraes, Rachel Ferreira Savary Figueiró
Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Leisure time management in the workplace: Providing a model
Farkhondeh Forouzan, Hadi Teimouri, Ali Safari
Human Systems Management.2020; 39(3): 399. CrossRef
The association between long working hours and marital status change: middle-aged and educated Korean in 2014–2015
Hyunil Kim, Byung-Seong Suh, Won-Cheol Lee, Han-Seur Jeong, Kyung-Hun Son, Min-Woo Nam, Hyeong-Cheol Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence, patterns, and coping strategies of musculoskeletal disorders among caterers in the selected local government areas of Lagos State in Nigeria, 2017
Ashiyat Akodu, Ibitayo Famose
Journal of Occupational Health and Epidemiology.2019; 8(1): 29. CrossRef
The Effects of Workplace Rest Breaks on Health Problems Related to Long Working Hours and Shift Work among Male Apartment Janitors in Korea
Sungjin Park, June-Hee Lee, Wanhyung Lee
Safety and Health at Work.2019; 10(4): 512. CrossRef

248 View
3 Download
40 Web of Science
38 Crossref

Research Article

Emotional labor, workplace violence, and depressive symptoms in female Bank employees: a questionnaire survey using the K-ELS and K-WVS: Guang Hwi Kim, Hee Sung Lee, Sung Won Jung, Jae Gwang Lee, June Hee Lee, Kyung Jae Lee, Joo Ja Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:17. Published online March 12, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0229-9

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background

In modern society, the scale of the service industry is continuously expanding, and the number of service workers is increasing. Correspondingly, physical and mental problems related to emotional labor are becoming a major social problem. In this study, we investigated the relationship between emotional labor, workplace violence, and depressive symptoms in female bank employees, which is a typical service industry.

Methods

In this study, the Korean Emotional Labor Scale (K-ELS) and Korean Workplace Violence Scale (K-WVS) were distributed to 381 female workers in their 20s at a bank in Seoul, Korea. Data were obtained from 289 subjects (75.9%) and analyzed for 278 respondents, after excluding those with missing responses. We examined the relationship between emotional labor, workplace violence, and depressive symptoms, using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

Among 278 subjects, 27 workers (9.7%) had depressive symptoms. “Emotional disharmony and hurt” (OR 2.93, 95% CI = 1.17–7.36) and “Organizational surveillance and monitoring” (OR 3.18, 95% CI = 1.29–7.86) showed a significant association with depressive symptoms. For workplace violence, the “Experience of psychological and sexual violence from supervisors and coworkers” (OR 4.07, 95% CI = 1.58–10.50) showed a significant association. When the number of high-risk emotional labor-related factors was 1 or more, 13.1% showed depressive symptoms. When the number of high-risk workplace violence-related factors was 1 or more, 14.4% had statistically significant depressive symptoms.

Conclusions

A significant result was found for depressive symptoms related to Emotional disharmony, which is a sub-topic of emotional labor, and those at high risk for “Organizational surveillance and monitoring.” For workplace violence, depressive symptoms were high for the group at high risk for the “experience of psychological and sexual violence from supervisors and coworkers.” In this way, management of emotional disharmony, a sub-factor of emotional labor, is necessary, and improvements to traditional corporate culture that monitors emotional labor is necessary. Violence from colleagues and supervisors in the workplace must also be reduced.

IRB Approval No. SCHUH 2017–01-029. Registered 26 January 2017. Retrospectively registered.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s40557-018-0229-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence of depressive symptoms in nurses compared to the general population based on Propensity Score Matching: A nationwide cross-sectional study in China
Yafei Wu, Xiaoxv Yin, Shijiao Yan, Nan Jiang, Mengge Tian, Jiali Zhang, Zhenyuan Chen, Jing Wang, Chuanzhu Lv, Yanhong Gong
Journal of Affective Disorders.2022; 310: 304. CrossRef
Workplace Violence in Workers with Multi-Party Employment Arrangements: Results from the Korean National Representative Survey
Yeogyeong Yoon, Kyunghee Jung-Choi
Safety and Health at Work.2022; 13(1): 93. CrossRef
Workplace violence influences nurses’ turnover intentions, but only when organisational support and perceived invulnerability are considered
Rebecca Jane Seymour, Sarah Jane Charles
Evidence Based Nursing.2022; 25(4): 137. CrossRef
Prevalence and Consequences of Verbal Aggression among Bank Workers: A Survey into an Italian Banking Institution
Daniela Acquadro Maran, Antonella Varetto, Cristina Civilotti, Nicola Magnavita
Administrative Sciences.2022; 12(3): 78. CrossRef
Relationship between workplace violence and work-related depression/anxiety, separating the types of perpetrators: a cross-sectional study using data from the fourth and fifth Korean Working Conditions Surveys (KWCS)
Na-Rae Lee, Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Han Joo, Jae-Han Lee, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Workplace violence and turnover intentions among nurses: The moderating roles of invulnerability and organisational Support – A cross‐sectional study
Huseyin Cakal, Saeed Keshavarzi, Ali Ruhani, Golnoosh Dakhil‐Abbasi
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
What Are the Experiences of Emotional Labor and Workplace Violence that Are More Harmful to Health in Korean Workforce?
Won Ju Hwang, Hye Kyung Yang, Ji Hye Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(21): 8019. CrossRef
Does Emotional Labor Increase the Risk of Suicidal Ideation among Firefighters?
Dae-Sung Hyun, Da-Yee Jeung, Changsoo Kim, Hye-Yoon Ryu, Sei-Jin Chang
Yonsei Medical Journal.2020; 61(2): 179. CrossRef
Emotional Labor and Mental Health
Jae-Hon Lee
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2020; 59(2): 98. CrossRef
Emotional labor and job types of male firefighters in Daegu Metropolitan City
Sung Kyu Park, Han Cheol Heo, Joon Sakong, Man Joong Jeon
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
The impact of emotional labor on the health in the workplace: a narrative review of literature from 2013–2018
Norah Aung, Promise Tewogbola
AIMS Public Health.2019; 6(3): 268. CrossRef
Workplace Violence in Chinese Hospitals: The Effects of Healthcare Disturbance on the Psychological Well-Being of Chinese Healthcare Workers
Nan Tang, Louise E. Thomson
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(19): 3687. CrossRef

252 View
9 Download
11 Web of Science
12 Crossref

Research Article

Relationship of activities outside work to sleep and depression/anxiety disorders in Korean workers: the 4th Korean working condition survey: Sung Won Jung, Kyung-Jae Lee, Hee Sung Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Jae Gwang Lee, June-Hee Lee, Joo Ja Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:51. Published online October 11, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0206-8

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

Sleep disorders and depression/anxiety disorders are long-standing and significant problem for mental health. Also there are already known so many negative health effect of these disorders. But there were few studies to examine the association between activities outside work and forementioned disorders. So this study aimed the association of those things by using the Republic of Korean data.

Methods

Data from 32,232 wage workers were used in the 4th Korean Working Condition Survey. General and occupational characteristics, sleep disorders, depression/anxiety disorders and activities outside work are included in questionnaire. To find the relationship between activities outside work and sleep, depression/anxiety disorders, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used after adjusting for general and occupational characteristics.

Results

We observed that volunteer activities increased the odds ratio of both sleep disorders and depression/anxiety disorders(Odds ratio[OR] = 1.35, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 1.03–1.78 and OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.29–1.84, respectively). And self-development activities increase the odds ratio of sleep disorders(OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.17–1.57). Gardening activities lowered the odds ratio of depression/anxiety disorders(OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.59–0.94).

Conclusion

Some of activities outside work were related to sleep disorders and depression/anxiety disorders among Korean wage workers. Our results showed negative health effect of some kinds of activities outside work such as volunteering and self-devlopment compared to other studies that emphasized positive effect of those activities for health.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Association Between Occupational Physicochemical Exposures and Headache/Eyestrain Symptoms Among Korean Indoor/Outdoor Construction Workers
Sung Won Jung, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim
Safety and Health at Work.2019; 10(4): 437. CrossRef
The association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean wage workers: data from the fourth Korean working conditions survey (a cross-sectional study)
Jae-Gwang Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Sung Won Jung, Sang Woo Kim, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

142 View
0 Download
2 Web of Science
2 Crossref

Research

The association between perceived discriminations and well-being in Korean employed workers: the 4th Korean working conditions survey: Hee Sung Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Sung Won Jung, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee, Joo Ja Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:46. Published online October 2, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0205-9

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

Around the globe, discrimination has emerged as a social issue requiring serious consideration. From the perspective of public health, the impact of discrimination on the health of affected individuals is a subject of great importance. On the other hand, subjective well-being is a key indicator of an individual’s physical, mental, and social health. The present study aims to analyze the relationship between Korean employed workers’ subjective health and their exposure to perceived discrimination.

Methods

The Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS, 2014) was conducted on a representative sample of the economically active population aged 15 years or older, who were either employees or self-employed at the time of interview. After removing inconsistent data, 32,984 employed workers were examined in this study. The data included general and occupational characteristics, perceived discrimination, and well-being. Well-being was measured through the WHO-Five index (1998 version). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between perceived discrimination and well-being.

Result

As a group, employed workers who were exposed to discrimination had a significantly higher likelihood of “poor well-being” than their counterparts who were not exposed to discrimination. More specifically, the workers exposed to age discrimination had an odds ratio(OR) of 1.51 (95% CI: 1.36–1.68), workers exposed to discrimination based on educational attainment had an OR of 1.43 (95% CI: 1.26–1.61), and workers exposed to discrimination based on employment type had an OR of 1.68 (95% CI: 1.48–1.91) with respect to poor well-being.

Furthermore, workers exposed to a greater number of discriminatory incidents were also at a higher risk of “poor well-being” than their counterparts who were exposed to fewer such incidents. More specifically, the workers with three exposures to discrimination had an OR of 2.60 (95% CI: 1.92–3.53), the workers with two such exposures had an OR of 1.69 (95% CI: 1.44–1.99), and the workers with one such exposure had an OR of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.20–1.45).

Conclusion

The present study found that discrimination based on age, educational attainment, or employment type put workers at a higher risk of “poor well-being,” and that the greater the exposure to discrimination, the higher the risk of poor well-being.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Online education and the mental health of faculty during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Yosuke Kita, Shoko Yasuda, Claudia Gherghel
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Association Between Presenteeism/Absenteeism and Well-being Among Korean Workers
Wonjeong Jeong, Yun Kyung Kim, Sarah Soyeon Oh, Jin-Ha Yoon, Eun-Cheol Park
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2020; 62(8): 574. CrossRef
The relationship between precarious employment and subjective well-being in Korean wage workers through the Cantril ladder Scale
Go Choi, Shin-Goo Park, Youna Won, Hyeonwoo Ju, Sung Wook Jang, Hyung Doo Kim, Hyun-Suk Jang, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Jong-Han Leem
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of discrimination and presenteeism with cardiovascular disease: the Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey
Kyusung Kim, Sung-il Cho, Domyung Paek
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Second hand smoke exposure in workplace by job status and occupations
Hyunhee Park, Sung-il Cho, Changhun Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

169 View
0 Download
6 Web of Science
5 Crossref

Research Article

The association between perceived discrimination and depression/anxiety disorders among Korean workers: analysis of the third Korean Working Conditions Survey: Sang Hyun Lee, Hee Sung Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee, Joo Ja Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:32. Published online August 2, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0121-4

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

Discrimination is a long-standing social problem, and interest in the health effects of discrimination has been increasing. Unfortunately, Korean workers experience various types and combinations of discrimination. This study aimed to examine the association between perceived discrimination and depression/anxiety disorders among Korean workers.

Methods

Data from 33,530 paid workers were extracted from the third Korean Working Conditions Survey. The data included general characteristics, occupational characteristics, perceived discrimination, and depression/anxiety disorders. To examine the relationship between perceived discrimination and depression/anxiety disorders, multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate depression/anxiety disorders as the dependent variable and perceived discrimination as the independent variable, after adjusting for relevant general and occupational characteristics.

Results

After adjusting for the relevant general and occupational characteristics, we observed that male and female workers who had experienced perceived discrimination exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of having depression/anxiety disorders. The odds ratios among male and female workers were 3.25 (95 % confidence interval: 2.45–4.32) and 4.56 (95 % confidence interval: 3.45–6.03), respectively.

Conclusions

Perceived discrimination was significantly related to depression or anxiety disorders among Korean workers. The risk of depression or anxiety was higher among female workers, compared to male workers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Fear of the unknown: Experience of frontline healthcare workers with coping strategies used to face the COVID 19 pandemic
Gabriela Arango-Martinez, Laura Becerra Sarmiento, Isabela Castaneda Forero, Laura Castaneda Carreno, Yazmin Cadena-Camargo, Suma Krishnasastry
PLOS Global Public Health.2024; 4(8): e0003373. CrossRef
Intersectional Discrimination in the Transition to Vocational Education and Training
Julia Hufnagl
Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie.2024; 56(1-2): 37. CrossRef
The impact of perceived discrimination, positive aspects of caregiving on depression among caregivers: mediating effect of job satisfaction
Maitixirepu Jilili, Linping Liu, Anuo Yang
Current Psychology.2023; 42(1): 194. CrossRef
Performance-Based Pay System and Job Stress Related to Depression/Anxiety in Korea: Analysis of Korea Working Condition Survey
Myeong-Hun Lim, Jin-Ha Yoon, Won-Tae Lee, Min-Seok Kim, Seong-Uk Baek, Jong-Uk Won
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(5): 4065. CrossRef
Air pollution and gender imbalance in labor supply responses: Evidence from South Korea
Ahram Han, Taejong Kim, Gi Khan Ten, Shun Wang
Economic Modelling.2023; 124: 106290. CrossRef
The Association between Perceived Discrimination and Mental Health of Wage Workers with Disabilities: Findings from the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled 2016–2018
Hyeon Ji Lee, Wonjeong Jeong, Doukyoung Chon, Jae-Hyun Kim, Jong Youn Moon
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(14): 8541. CrossRef
Depression Levels of State Functionaries: Empirical Evidence From China
Li He, Kun Wang, Zixian Zhang, Jiangyin Wang, Tianyang Li, Yuting Wang, Lixingzi Yang, Yuanyang Wu, Shuo Zhang, Siqing Zhang, Hualei Yang
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of Wise Intervention on Perceived Discrimination Among College Students Returning Home From Wuhan During the COVID-19 Outbreak
Ting Lu, Zihan Guo, Hao Li, Xinyu Zhang, Zhihong Ren, Weiping Yang, Liuqing Wei, Ling Huang
Frontiers in Psychology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Psychosocial Factors Associated with Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in General Practitioners during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Alvaro Monterrosa-Castro, Velia Redondo-Mendoza, María Mercado-Lara
Journal of Investigative Medicine.2020; 68(7): 1228. CrossRef
Association between workplace discrimination and depressive symptoms among firefighters in South Korea
Nagyeong Lee, Ji‐Hwan Kim, Ja Young Kim, Seung‐Sup Kim
American Journal of Industrial Medicine.2018; 61(9): 741. CrossRef
The association between perceived discriminations and well-being in Korean employed workers: the 4th Korean working conditions survey
Hee Sung Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Sung Won Jung, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee, Joo Ja Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship of activities outside work to sleep and depression/anxiety disorders in Korean workers: the 4th Korean working condition survey
Sung Won Jung, Kyung-Jae Lee, Hee Sung Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Jae Gwang Lee, Joo Ja Kim, June-Hee Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

161 View
0 Download
13 Web of Science
12 Crossref

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search