Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Research Article

Association between serum ferritin and hypertension according to the working type in Korean men: the fifth Korean National Health and nutrition examination survey 2010–2012: Dong-Hoon Lee, Seong-Kyu Kang, Won-Jun Choi, Kyeong Min Kwak, Dukyun Kang, Sang Ha Lee, Jun-Hyung Lee; Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:40. Published online June 11, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0251-y

Background

Several studies suggest that serum ferritin concentrations reflect systemic inflammation, and high ferritin levels can increase the risk of hypertension in adult men. Shift work is also known to increase the risk of hypertension; however, there has been no study about the relationship between serum ferritin levels and the prevalence of hypertension according to the working type.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 4,442 male participants (3,651 daytime workers and 791 shift workers) who participated in the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 mmHg or the current use of antihypertensive medications regardless of blood pressure values. For the statistical analyses, serum ferritin levels were reclassified into quartiles, and complex sample analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between serum ferritin levels and the prevalence of hypertension according to the working type in this study.

Results

Serum ferritin and shift work were positively associated with the prevalence of hypertension. The effect of interaction was above multiplicative. When compared to participants in the lowest serum ferritin quartile, the odds ratio for hypertension for participants in the highest serum ferritin quartile was 1.372 (1.027–1.833) in daytime workers and 2.009 (1.042–3.873) in shift workers after adjustment.

Conclusions

The prevalence of hypertension increased as ferritin levels increased in individuals, especially in shift workers.

Citations

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Higher serum ferritins are associated with higher blood pressure: A cross-sectional study
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Alexa Barad, Andrew G. Clark, Eva K. Pressman, Kimberly O. O'Brien
Journal of the American Heart Association.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2023; 77(2): 173. CrossRef
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European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2023; 77(4): 436. CrossRef
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European Journal of Nutrition.2023; 62(8): 3251. CrossRef
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Research Article

Reticulocytosis in screen-printing workers exposed to 2-butoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol: Seng-Ho Song, Seong-Kyu Kang, Won-Jun Choi, Kyeong Min Kwak, Dong-Hoon Lee, Dyuk-Yoon Kang, Sang-Ha Lee; Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:54. Published online November 7, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0210-z

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Background

Studies on the hematologic toxicity of ethylene glycol ethers in humans are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association between exposure to solvents (containing 2-butoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol) and hematological effects.

Methods

Thirty-four screen-printing workers who were exposed to 2-butoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol and 37 non-exposed clerical workers were selected using data from the health care facilities that provided regular health screening services. Student’s t-tests and Pearson’s chi-square tests were used to compare differences in hematological parameters between the exposed and the control groups. A multivariate analysis was performed using the multiple logistic regression models to adjust for other variables.

Results

The chi-square test showed the reticulocyte percentages and corrected reticulocyte counts to be significantly higher in the exposed group. The t-tests showed a significant increase in white blood cell counts, reticulocyte percentages, and corrected reticulocyte count (i.e., reticulocyte index) in the exposed group, with p-values of 0.002, 0.004, and 0.002, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed the odds ratio for the corrected reticulocyte counts to be 16.30 for the exposed group, when compared with that of the control group.

Conclusions

Exposure to 2-butoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol was significantly associated with reticulocytosis, necessitating the implementation of preventive measures for workers prone to occupational exposure to ethylene glycol ethers.

Citations

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Andrology.2020; 8(1): 82. CrossRef
Cleaning workers’ exposure to volatile organic compounds and particulate matter during floor polish removal and reapplication
Joonas Ruokolainen, Marko Hyttinen
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2019; 16(10): 685. CrossRef

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Research Article

Acute respiratory symptoms and evacuation-related behavior after exposure to chlorine gas leakage: Sung-Woo Han, Won-Jun Choi, Min-Kee Yi, Seng-Ho Song, Dong-Hoon Lee, Sang-Hwan Han; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:29. Published online July 4, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0115-2

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Background

A study was performed on the accidental chlorine gas leakage that occurred in a factory of printed circuit boards manufactured without chlorine. Health examination was performed for all 52 workers suspected of exposure to chlorine gas, and their evacuation-related behaviors were observed in addition to analyzing the factors that affected the duration of their acute respiratory symptoms.

Methods

Behavioral characteristics during the incidence of the accidental chlorine gas leakage, the estimated time of exposure, and the duration of subjective acute respiratory symptoms were investigated. In addition, clinical examination, chest radiography, and dental erosion test were performed. As variables that affected the duration of respiratory symptoms, dose group, body weight, age, sex, smoking, work period, and wearing a protective gear were included and analyzed by using the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results

Of 47 workers exposed to chlorine gas, 36 (77 %) developed more than one subjective symptom. The duration of the subjective symptoms according to exposure level significantly differed, with a median of 1 day (range, 0–5 days) in the low-exposure group and 2 days (range, 0–25 days) in the high-exposure group. Among the variables that affected the duration of the acute respiratory symptoms, which were analyzed by using the Cox proportional hazard model, only exposure level was significant (hazard ratio 2.087, 95 % CI = 1.119, 3.890). Regarding the evacuation-related behaviors, 22 workers (47 %) voluntarily evacuated to a safety zone immediately after recognizing the accidental exposure, but 25 workers (43 %) delayed evacuation until the start of mandatory evacuation (min 5, max 25 min).

Conclusions

The duration of the subjective acute respiratory symptoms significantly differed between the low- and high-exposure groups. Among the 27 workers in the high-exposure group, 17 misjudged the toxicity after being aware of the gas leakage, which is a relatively high number.

Citations

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Migration behavior of chlorine and sulfur during gasification and combustion of biomass and coal
Yuefeng Wang, Yuhong Qin, Stanislav V. Vassilev, Chong He, Christina G. Vassileva, Yuexing Wei
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Acute chlorine poisoning caused by an accident at a swimming pool
Wu Na, Yiran Wang, An Li, Xiaoli Zhu, Changjiang Xue, Qiao Ye
Toxicology and Industrial Health.2021; 37(9): 513. CrossRef
Removal of gaseous elemental mercury by hydrogen chloride non-thermal plasma modified biochar
Jinjing Luo, Mingchang Jin, Lurong Ye, Yinan Cao, Yonggui Yan, Rupeng Du, Ryo Yoshiie, Yasuaki Ueki, Ichiro Naruse, ChinJung Lin, YiYuan Lee
Journal of Hazardous Materials.2019; 377: 132. CrossRef

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Case Report

Overlap syndrome with Sjögren’s syndrome and systemic sclerosis in a steel rolling mill worker: a case report: Min-Kee Yi, Won-Jun Choi, Sung-Woo Han, Seng-Ho Song, Dong-Hoon Lee, Sun Young Kyung, Sang-Hwan Han; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:24. Published online June 2, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0106-3

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Background

There are few reports about work-related factors associated with Sjögren’s syndrome. We report a case of overlap syndrome with Sjögren’s syndrome and systemic sclerosis.

Case presentation

A 54-year-old man was admitted due to dyspnea on exertion. The results of physical examination and laboratory findings were compatible with Sjögren’s syndrome with systemic sclerosis. The patient had no pre-existing autoimmune disease, and denied family history of autoimmune disease. The patient worked in the large-scale rolling department of a steel manufacturing company for 25 years. Hot rolling is a rolling process performed at between 1100 °C and 1200 °C, generating a high temperature and a large amount of fumes, involving jet-spraying of water throughout the process to remove the instantaneously generated oxide film and prevent the high generation of fumes. In this process, workers could be exposed to silica produced by thermal oxidation. Other potential toxic substances including nickel and manganese seemed to be less likely associated with the patient’s clinical manifestations.

Conclusions

Occupational exposure to silica seemed to be associated with the patient’s clinical manifestations of overlap syndrome with Sjögren’s syndrome and systemic sclerosis. Although the underlying mechanism is still unclear, autoimmune disease including Sjögren’s syndrome affects women more often than men and there was no family history of autoimmune disease. These suggested that there was an association between occupational silica exposure and the disease of the patient. Future research about the association between long-term low dose exposure to silica and the development of autoimmune diseases should be encouraged.

Citations

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Environmental pollutants and phosphoinositide signaling in autoimmunity
Chang Ren, Noah D. Carrillo, Vincent L. Cryns, Richard A. Anderson, Mo Chen
Journal of Hazardous Materials.2024; 465: 133080. CrossRef
Silicosis y síndrome de Sjögren
Miguel Martín Asenjo, Javier Miguel Martín Guerra, Claudia Iglesias Pérez, José María Prieto de Paula
Archivos de Bronconeumología.2019; 55(10): 536. CrossRef
Silicosis and Sjögren's Syndrome
Miguel Martin Asenjo, Javier Miguel Martín Guerra, Claudia Iglesias Pérez, José Maria Prieto de Paula
Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition).2019; 55(10): 536. CrossRef
Systemic sclerosis due to crystalline silica exposure among jewelry workers in Korea: two case reports
Jae Yoon Kim, Sang Yoon Do, Young Hoon Moon, Chul Gab Lee, Yun Sung Kim, Byung Soon Choi, Eun-A Kim, Han Soo Song
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

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