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Kyoo Sang Kim 33 Articles
The Problem Drinking and Related Factors in Female Firefighters
Seung Won Yoo, Kyoo Sang Kim, Chung Yill Park, Min Gi Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(2):124-132.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.2.124
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate problem drinking and analyze factors associated with alcohol use among female firefighters, as well as to provide useful data for management of alcohol use by female firefighters.
METHODS
The study includeed 1,587 female firefighters from throught Koea. Data were collected from June to July in 2008 using self-administered questionnaires including a general questionnaire, work related questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Korean Occupational Stress Scale Short Form (KOSS-26), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD). Among 1,263 female firefighters (75.6%) surveyed, the results of 1,084 qualified questionnaires (70.5%) were analyzed using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression.
RESULTS
The prevalence of problem drinking (AUDIT score > or =8) in female firefighters was 12.5%. Multiple logistic analysis showed that being single, smoking and depression were correlated with problem drinking. Single female firefighter, present smokers and individuals positive for symptoms of depression had OR values of 2.11, 17.58 and 1.76, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Three factors were found to influnce the occurrence of problem drinking. Accordingly, smoking related education, counseling to cope effectively with depression and health promotion programs that consider psychological effects of job stress are needed to reduce work related factors that lead to problem drinking by female firefighters.

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Relationship between Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Non-fatal Occupational Injuries in Construction Workers in Korea
Seung Won Yoo, Hye Eun Lee, Dong Hee Koh, Kyoo Sang Kim, Tae Woo Kim, Min Gi Kim, Kyeong Yeol Yu
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(1):9-17.   Published online March 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.1.9
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to assess the relationship between musculoskeletal symptoms and non-fatal injuries in construction workers.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study involving 1,836 male construction workers in petrochemical plants in Korea. For this study, a structured self-reported questionnaire(KOSHA CODE H-30-2003) was used. Musculoskeletal symptoms were defined as symptoms that affect the operation of the musculoskeletal system, for longer than one week or a frequency of more than once per month. To evaluate the association between musculoskeletal symptoms and non-fatal occupatioanl injuries, multiple logistic-regressions were used after adjusting for age, exercise, smoking status, alcohol consumption, work time, work duration, and income.
RESULTS
A total of 140 workers were involved in non-fatal injuries cases, representing 7.6% prevalence. After adjusting for confounding variables, the logistic regression analyses indicated the group with musculoskeletal symptoms(OR 1.73 95% CI:1.21~2.47) and intensity criteria of musculoskeletal symptoms as related to 'moderate' criteria(OR 1.82 95% CI:1.18~2.81) or 'severe' criteria(OR 2.57 95% CI:1.43~4.63). This identified group was more likely to experience non-fatal occupational injuries. However, a 'mild' criteria(OR 1.00 95% CI:0.51~1.99) was not associated with non-fatal occupational injuries.
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicated a possible association between musculoskeletal symptoms and non-fatal injuries. Hence, strengthening of laws and regulations, effective ergonomic programs and training is necessary to prevent musculoskeletal symptoms.

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  • Analysis of Cost Benefit Related to Appointing a Health Care Manager in the Construction Industry
    Hye-Sun Jung, Jee-Seon Yi, In-Jae Shin, Eun-Hi Choi
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(2): 130.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and Characteristics of Musculoskeletal Pain in Korean Farmers
    David Min, Sora Baek, Hee-won Park, Sang-Ah Lee, Jiyoung Moon, Jae E. Yang, Ki Sung Kim, Jee Yong Kim, Eun Kyoung Kang
    Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2016; 40(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Cancer incidence and mortality among temporary maintenance workers in a refinery/petrochemical complex in Korea
    Dong-Hee Koh, Eun-Kyo Chung, Jae-Kil Jang, Hye-Eun Lee, Hyang-Woo Ryu, Kye-Mook Yoo, Eun-A Kim, Kyoo-Sang Kim
    International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health.2014; 20(2): 141.     CrossRef
  • Study on the Musculoskeletal Subjective Symptoms Disorders and Health Promotion Behavior of Daily Plant Construction Workers in One Area
    Ja-Sook Kim, Ja-Ok Kim, Ji-Yong Seo, Hack-Sun Kim
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2014; 23(1): 28.     CrossRef
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Relationship between Job Stress and Depressive Symptoms among Field Firefighters
Tae Woo Kim, Kyoo Sang Kim, Yeon Soon Ahn
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(4):378-387.   Published online December 31, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.4.378
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the relationship between job stress and depressive symptoms among field firefighters.
METHODS
We carried out a survey of 17,457 field firefighters using the KOSS-24 (Korean Occupational Stress Scales-24) and CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale).
RESULTS
The mean CES-D score was 12.2+/-9.6 and 19.2% of subjects had depressive symptoms. Job insecurity (OR=2.70, 95% CI=2.45~2.98) and lack of reward (OR=2.41, 95% CI=2.18~2.65), occupational climate (OR=2.38, 95% CI=2.15~2.63) were strongly associated with depressive symptoms. Job demand (OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.69~2.10), insufficient job control (OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.03~1.25), interpersonal conflict (OR=2.05, 95% CI=1.87~2.26) and organizational system (OR=1.83, 95% CI=1.66~2.02) were also significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Alcohol dependence had a stronger association than with normal subjects (OR=2.39, 95% CI=2.07~2.77).
CONCLUSIONS
In field firefighters, job stress factors and alcohol dependence were associated with depressive symptoms. An intervention to reduce job stress and alcohol among field firefighters is needed to reduce depression in this population.

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  • Comparison of the risks of occupational diseases, avoidable hospitalization, and all-cause deaths between firefighters and non-firefighters: A cohort study using national health insurance claims data
    Woo-Ri Lee, Haejong Lee, Eun Woo Nam, Jin-Won Noh, Jin-Ha Yoon, Ki-Bong Yoo
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of a mental health promotion program on Korean firefighters
    Geun Hui Won, Jin Hyeok Lee, Tae Young Choi, Seoyoung Yoon, So Yeun Kim, Ju Hyun Park
    International Journal of Social Psychiatry.2020; 66(7): 675.     CrossRef
  • Stress Relief and Related Factors in Camp Program for Firefighters
    Jungha Shin, Minyoung Sim, Junghyun H. Lee, Da Young Lee, Kyungsun Jeon, Seunga Oh, Jiae Kim, Okju Kim, Jungil Yang, Heebong Lee
    Stress.2018; 26(2): 88.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers in Korea
    Junsu Byun, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim, Hye-Eun Lee, Se-Eun Kim, Jongin Lee
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of organisational system on self-rated depression in a panel of male municipal firefighters
    Se-Jin An, Yun Kyung Chung, Bong Hyun Kim, Kyeong Min Kwak, Jun-Seok Son, Jung-wan Koo, Young-Su Ju, Young-Jun Kwon
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correlation between Fatigue and Quality of Life Caused by Stress of Researchers' Work
    Hye Joo Park, Yun Young Kim, Ki Hyun Park, Si Woo Lee, Jong-Hyang Yoo
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2014; 23(3): 171.     CrossRef
  • Impact of symptoms of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders on health related Quality of Life in firefighter under the IT environment
    Gyung-Jae Oh, Jeong-Mi Lee, Chung-Yong Yang, Hyung-Ju Park, Yun-Hee Park, Chan-Uk Yoo, Eun-Yeong Kang, Bok-Hee Chong
    The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2014; 9(3): 311.     CrossRef
  • Relationships of Job Stress, Fatigue & Depression among one Ship-building Supply Workers
    Sang-Dol Kim
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(5): 2789.     CrossRef
  • The Associated Domains of Job Stress for the Depression among Local Public Officials
    Hyun-Hee Park, So-Yeon Ryu, Bo-Eun Kim, In-Ae Chun, Myung-Guon Kim
    The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2013; 8(9): 1373.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Occupational Stress and Depression of Construction Workers
    Mi-Ra Lee
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 279.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Perception of Job Stress and Stress Coping Style on Mental Health of Firefighters
    Ho Jin Lee, Hee Sook Kim, Sang Yeon Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 315.     CrossRef
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Effects of Workplace Noise and Hearing Protective Devices on Worker's Speech Intelligibility
Hyoung Ouk Park, Chang Sun Sim, Joong Keun Kwon, Kyoo Sang Kim, Young Joo Kwon, Nam Jeong Kim, Min Suk Seo, Ji Ho Lee
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(2):154-165.   Published online June 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.2.154
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of intelligible speech in workers wearing hearing protective devices and the differences in background noise type.
METHODS
A total 82 shipyard company employees and normal hearing volunteers were recruited as subjects from a company in Ulsan: subjects were classified to the hearing-impaired group or to the control group according to hearing status. They were tested pure tone and speech audiometry in varying test environments including signal-to-noise ratio and background noise type in a headphone and in a free field environment.
RESULTS
For both groups, the attenuation of hearing protective devices was greater at high frequencies. For the hearing-impaired group, speech discrimination scores differences between the unprotected and the protected ear were not significant between background noise type, when speech was presented at 65 dBA. However speech intelligibility in white noise background was lower than in the other background noise types when speech was presented at 75 dBA.
CONCLUSIONS
Workers' speech intelligibility increased with an increasing signal-to-noise ratio. Speech intelligibility was also dependent on background noise type. Workers and their colleagues were trained to pronounce words more loudly and more clearly when they wearing hearing protective devices or other communication methods that do not use sound signal should be considered.

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  • Effects of Hearing Protection Methods and Noise Directions on Bone-Conduction Sensitivity
    Woojae Han
    THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA.2013; 32(5): 423.     CrossRef
  • An experimental study on the improving noise characteristic of hydraulic power unit
    Gi Chun Lee, Yong Bum Lee
    Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering.2013; 37(6): 638.     CrossRef
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The Relationship between Job Stress and Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Migrant Workers
Min Heui Jo, Kyoo Sang Kim, Sun Wung Lee, Tae Gyun Kim, Hyang Woo Ryu, Mi Young Lee, Yong Lim Won
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(4):378-387.   Published online December 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.4.378
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the musculoskeletal symptoms of migrant workers. We focused on the relationship between job stress and musculoskeletal symptoms.
METHOD
A questionnaire was administered to 502 migrant workers who visited NGO migrant worker centers located in Gyung-gi province. A structured, self-reported questionnaire was administered to participants in order to capture the following information: sociodemographics, health factors including past medical history, work related characteristics, job stress, and musculoskeletal symptoms. The job stress questionnaires were used according to KOSS-26 and musculoskeletal symptoms were measured using KOSHA Code H-30-2003. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between risk factors which included job stress, and musculoskeletal symptoms.
RESULTS
The prevalence rate of musculoskeletal symptoms in survey subjects was 35.1%. Other than job stress factors, past medical history was the only factor that had a statistical relationship to musculoskeletal symptoms (P<0.01). In the domains of job stress, physical environment (OR 1.62, 95% CI: 1.03~2.54), job demand (OR 2.43, 95% CI: 1.46~4.03), job insecurity (OR 1.59, 95% CI: 1.03~2.47), occupational climate (OR 2.30, 95% CI: 1.27~4.19) were most likely experience musculoskeletal symptoms.
CONCLUSION
The job stress factor appeared to correlate more with musculoskeletal symptoms than with sociodemographics or other factors. Hence, in order to prevent migrant worker's musculoskeletal symptoms, we believe that intervention in job stress (physical environment, job demand, job insecurity, occupational climate) is necessary.

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  • Occupational Characteristics and Health Status of Vietnamese Male Migrant Workers in the Republic of Korea
    Ohwi Kwon, Ji-Hun Song, Jeong-Ok Kong, Seong-Won Ma, Young Shin Lee, Joonho Ahn
    Safety and Health at Work.2023; 14(3): 267.     CrossRef
  • Barriers to Performing Stretching Exercises Among Korean‐Chinese Female Migrant Workers in Korea
    Hyeonkyeong Lee, JoEllen Wilbur, Duckhee Chae, Kyongeun Lee, Meenhye Lee
    Public Health Nursing.2015; 32(2): 112.     CrossRef
  • Job Stress and Musculoskeletal Disorder in Seoul City's School Foodservice Employees
    Saerom Lee, KyooSang Kim, Eun-A Kim, Jihye Kim, Dohyung Kim
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2014; 23(4): 245.     CrossRef
  • Experiences of Middle-aged Korean-Chinese Female Migrant Workers in Korea: With Focus on Risk Factors in Work-related Musculoskeletal Diseases
    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, Kyongeun Lee, Meenhye Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2013; 24(2): 185.     CrossRef
  • Associations between Job Stress and Work-related Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Street Sanitation Workers
    Hye-Jin Kim, Kyung-Ja June, Gyeyoung Shin, Jina Choo
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2013; 24(3): 314.     CrossRef
  • Application of Community-Based Participatory Research Principles
    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, Kyongeun Lee, Meenhye Lee
    Workplace Health & Safety.2012; 60(7): 313.     CrossRef
  • Application of Community-Based Participatory Research Principles: Preventing Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Female Korean–Chinese Migrant Workers in Korea
    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, Kyongeun Lee, Meenhye Lee
    Workplace Health & Safety.2012; 60(7): 313.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms of upper extremities among dental hygienists
    So-Young Lee, Hyo-Jin Ko, Byeng-Chul Yu
    Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene.2012; 12(5): 897.     CrossRef
  • Related Factors to Musculoskeletal Discomfort Symptoms on Some Middle·High school Teachers
    Jae-Yoon Lee, Byeong-Yeon Moon, Youn-Hong Jeong, Hyun-Kyung Woo
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(1): 264.     CrossRef
  • Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms and Related Factors among Male Workers in Small-scale Manufacturing Industries
    Seung-Hyun Lee, Ju-Yeon Lee, Young-Chae Cho
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(9): 4025.     CrossRef
  • Job stress and musculoskeletal diseases
    Dong Mug Kang, Young Ki Kim, Jong Eun Kim
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2011; 54(8): 851.     CrossRef
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The Effects of Disabilities of the Upper Extremities on Daily Activities of Workers in Manufacturing Industry, and the Factors Influencing Those Disabilities
Kyoo Sang Kim, Chang Woo Hong, Min Gi Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(2):115-130.   Published online June 30, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.2.115
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Discomfort in the upper extremities affects and restricts the daily activities and work of many workers. This study was conducted to apply a standardized tool for identifying musculoskeletal symptoms and measuring how greatly these symptoms affect the performance of workers in small manufacturing industries as well as to analyze the relationships between the socio-demographic characteristics of the workers, the psychosocial factors, and ergonomic risk factors on the one hand and the reported musculoskeletal symptoms and their effects on work performance on the other.
METHODS
Workers in small manufacturing companies were asked to self-evaluate musculoskeletal symptoms, restrictions on work performance, and the ergonomic risk in their working environments. A standardized tool (musculoskeletal symptoms table, DASH [Disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand]) was used to evaluate the musculoskeletal symptoms and the restrictions on work performance.
RESULTS
1) The DASH score was significantly higher among women, older workers who had been in that job for a long time, married workers, those with no leisure activities or hobbies, those with long hours of housework, those who had experienced a disease in the past, and those who had had an accident in the past; 2) the DASH score was also significantly higher for those workers who were unsatisfied with their work, who worked hard, who no control over their work, and whose work required heavy equipment, tools, and materials; 3) the DASH score was significantly higher in workers with major ergonomic risk factors; 4) the DASH score was significantly higher among workers with occupational musculoskeletal disease and was distributed as follows, from highest to lowest rates of occurrence; symptoms in the upper arms, difficulty sleeping, difficulty with work, restrictions in daily activities, restrictions in social activities, and difficulties in specific work performance; 5) explanatory power increased in the model with the addition of socio-demographic variables, i.e., in analyses with the DASH total score as the dependent variable and psychosocial factors, ergonomic risk factors, and upper extremity discomfort symptoms as the independent variables. The total explanatory power found a significant effect at 35.3%.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study show that to enhance the upper extremity performance level of workers in the manufacturing industry, preventive measures should be based on a consideration of ergonomic risk factors, psychosocial factors, and the socio-demographic characterisitics of the individual workers.

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The Relationship between Job Stress and Depressive Symptoms in Migrant Workers in Kyung-gi Province in Korea
Sun Wung Lee, Kyoo Sang Kim, Tae Gyun Kim, Hyang Woo Ryu, Mi Young Lee, Yong Lim Won, Yoon Hee Song
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(1):76-86.   Published online March 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.1.76
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the mental health status of migrant workers. We focused on the relationship between depressive symptoms and job stress. METHEOD: A questionnaire was administered to 488 migrant workers who visited NGO migrant worker centers located in Kyung-gi province. A structured, self-reported questionnaire was used to assess each responder's sociodemographics, work related characteristics, health behaviors, past medical history, job stress and depression symptoms. The job stress questionnaire was used according to KOSS-26 and depression symptoms were measured using CES-D, which was translated into Korean. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between risk factors included job stress and depression symptoms.
RESULTS
The prevalence of depression symptoms in survey subjects was 25.2%, but the prevalence of non-Chinese nationalities and illegal workers were 32.1% and 32.8%, respectively. Adjusting for confounding factors, job stress (OR 2.55, 95% CI=1.30-4.99) had a statistical meaningful relationship with depression symptoms. Among job stress domains, physical environment (OR 2.97, 95% CI=1.59-5.53), job demand (OR 2.33, 95% CI=1.26-4.32) and occupational climate(OR 3.10, CI=1.49-6.48) were most likely to experience depression symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of depressive symptoms among the study subjects was similar to the prevalence among the general population in Korea, but higher than that among the Korean workers. In particular, the prevalence among non-Chinese and illegal workers was higher. However, the job stress factor appeared to have a more direct correlation with depressive symptoms than the sociodemographic factors of nationality or residential status. Hence, in order to prevent depressive symptoms of the migrant workers, we believe that intervention on job stress is necessary.

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  • Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among Asian migrant workers in South Korea
    Pratibha Bhandari, Mohammad-Reza Malekpour
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(7): e0288375.     CrossRef
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    Jiho Kim, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Minsun Kim, Seong-Cheol Yang, Shin-Goo Park, Jong-Han Leem, Dong-Wook Lee
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Affecting Factors on Sleep Quality in Foreign Workers
    Soojeong Kim, Min Kyung Kim, Inkyoung Lee, Kyoung Won Cho
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2022; 47(2): 139.     CrossRef
  • Effects of changes in occupational stress on the depressive symptoms of Korean workers in a large company: a longitudinal survey
    Jaehyuk Jung, Inchul Jeong, Kyung-Jong Lee, Guyeon Won, Jae Bum Park
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Acculturation Stress and Health Promotion Behaviors of the Korean Chinese Elderly Immigrants Living in Korea
    Xianglan Jin, Misoon Song
    Perspectives in Nursing Science.2016; 13(2): 70.     CrossRef
  • Moderating Effect of Stress Coping Strategies on the Relationship between a National Statistics Office Workers' Occupational Stress and Mental Health
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    Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2015; 54(4): 587.     CrossRef
  • Acculturative Stress, Work‐related Psychosocial Factors and Depression in Korean‐Chinese Migrant Workers in Korea
    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Hyunmi Ahn, Arlene Miller, Chang Gi Park, Sun Jung Kim
    Journal of Occupational Health.2012; 54(3): 206.     CrossRef
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The Status and Characteristics of Industrial Accidents for Migrant Workers in Korea Compared with Native Workers
Sun Wung Lee, Kyoo Sang Kim, Tae Woo Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(4):351-361.   Published online December 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.4.351
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To analyze the status and characteristics of the industrial accidents of migrant workers with comparison to those of native workers.
METHODS
The industrial accident rate of migrant workers was estimated by the annual number of industrial accidents divided by the total number of annual labor population multiplied by the annual admission rate of industrial accident insurance. The characteristics of industrial accidents for total migrant workers were assessed and compared with those of total native workers (from 2004 to 2006). In addition, we compared the industrial accidental characteristics of the 7,210 native workers and the 458 migrant workers employed in the Incheon area who received compensation from the industrial accident insurance in 2006.
RESULTS
In 2004, 2005 and 2006, the total annual industrial accident rates of the migrant workers were 0.93%, 0.90%, and 1.06%, the injury accident rates were 0.90%, 0.86%, and 1.00%, the number of injury deaths per 10,000 persons were 2.29, 2.22, and 2.39, and the disease rates were 0.011%, 0.014%, and 0.027%, respectively. As for the cause of injury, rolled/jammed and cutting-type injuries were more prevalent in the migrant workers. With the standardization of job category, industry size and work tenure, the rolled/jammed-type injury was still significantly more prevalent in the migrant workers.
CONCLUSIONS
Even considering the exclusion of the possible missing numbers of the submission of industrial accident cases, and the numbers of workplaces not registered for industrial accident insurance, the publicized statistics confirm the higher industrial accident rate of migrant workers compared to ative workers. Especially, the injury death rate was 2.2 times higher for migrant workers than for native workers in 2006. In addition, the remarkably lower occupational disease rate of the migrant workers compared to that of the native workers, suggested that numerous cases of disease were not reported. Finally, the lack of communication and former education that usually lead to the most prevalent injury type, i.e., the rolled/jammed type, supported our conclusion that the migrant workers were in need of more education regarding workplace safety.

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    Kyung-Eun Lee, Kayoung Park, Dong Joon Park, Sungkyun Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(20): 13450.     CrossRef
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    Madhu Sudhan Atteraya, Nasser B. Ebrahim, Shreejana Gnawali
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(12): 6368.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Social Service Research.2020; 46(2): 187.     CrossRef
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    Jinseon Yi, Insook Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2018; 29(1): 41.     CrossRef
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    Kyoung-Ok Park
    Journal of Occupational Health.2018; 60(1): 94.     CrossRef
  • Multiple Risk Factors for Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses in Korean-Chinese Migrant Workers
    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, Kwan Hyung Yi, Soye Im, Sung Hye Cho
    Workplace Health & Safety.2015; 63(1): 18.     CrossRef
  • Effects of a 12 week self‐managed stretching program among Korean–Chinese female migrant workers in Korea: A randomized trial
    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, JoEllen Wilbur, Arlene Miller, Kyongeun Lee, Hwaeun Jin
    Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2014; 11(2): 121.     CrossRef
  • A basic research on risk control measure for reducing the fishermen's occupational accident in offshore and coastal fishing vessel
    Wook-Sung Kim, Young-Bok Cho, Seok-Jae Kim, Kyong-Jin Ryu, Yoo-Won Lee
    Journal of the Korean society of Fisheries Technology.2014; 50(4): 614.     CrossRef
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    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, Kyongeun Lee, Meenhye Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2013; 24(2): 185.     CrossRef
  • The Prevalence of Chronic Diseases among Migrants in Korea According to Their Length of Stay and Residential Status
    Choong-Hyung Lee, Jae-Moon Yun, Jong-Soo Han, Sang-Min Park, Young-Su Park, Seung-Kwon Hong
    Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2012; 33(1): 34.     CrossRef
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    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Duckhee Chae, Kyongeun Lee, Meenhye Lee
    Workplace Health & Safety.2012; 60(7): 313.     CrossRef
  • I never expected to be a disabled person in another country: the stories of migrant workers with acquired disabilities in Korea
    Kyung Mee Kim
    Disability & Society.2011; 26(5): 553.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Low Back Symptom and Impact of Job Stress among Working Women as Clinical Nurses in University Hospitals
    Kyung-Jae Lee, Joo Ja Kim, Jeung-Im Kim
    Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2011; 17(5): 484.     CrossRef
  • Psychosocial Factors and Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Southeastern Asian Female Workers Living in Korea
    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Hyunmi Ahn, Chang Gi Park, Sun Jung Kim, Sun Hye Moon
    Safety and Health at Work.2011; 2(2): 183.     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of Blood Lead Levels between Migrant and Native Lead Workers Before and After Implementation of a New Employment Permit System for Migrant Workers
    Nam-Soo KIM, Byung-Kook LEE
    Industrial Health.2011; 49(2): 235.     CrossRef
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The Health Status Including Biologic Exposure Indices of Migrant Workers: Based on 2005 Special Health Examination Data
Yoon Hee Song, Kyoo Sang Kim, Sun Wung Lee, Sun Haeng Choi
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(2):63-73.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.2.63
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the general health status and severity of exposure to hazardous agents - with a focus on heavy metals - of migrant workers utilizing the 2005 Special Health Examination data.
METHODS
With data from the 2005 Special Health Examination, we examined the biologic exposure indices and several major clinical exam items of 25,086 migrant workers in the whole country in comparison with those of 19,616 native Korean workers in Kyunggi-do province. Of these we chose homogeneous samples from the same 3 health service centers in Kyunggi-do. (native workers:19,616, migrant workers:1,886) to be more precise.
RESULTS
The results from the samples of the 3 centers were as follows. Blood lead (natives: 6.09 microgram/dl migrants: 8.37 microgram/L) and cadmium (natives: 0.29 microgram/dl, migrants: 0.36 microgram/L) were higher in the migrant workers than in the native Korean workers, whereas the biologic exposure indices of organic solvents were higher in the native workers. As for major clinical exam items, the liver battery was worse in the natives with incidence of abnormal AST/ALT level (natives: 8.1/6.8% migrants: 5.7/5.4%, p-value<0.01 for AST). Anemia was more prevalent in the migrant workers (natives: 9.0% migrants: 11.0%, p-value<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Migrant workers in Korea are more frequently or more severely exposed to a hazardous working environment containing heavy metals. However, we were not able to explain the results for the exposure indices or organic solvents, and such an explanation will require further study in the future.

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  • Migrant well-being and undocumented status in South Korea: a cross-sectional assessment of physical, psychological, social well-being, and health behaviors
    Sun Yeop Lee, Woong-Han Kim, Jongho Heo
    International Journal for Equity in Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Ohwi Kwon, Ji-Hun Song, Jeong-Ok Kong, Seong-Won Ma, Young Shin Lee, Joonho Ahn
    Safety and Health at Work.2023; 14(3): 267.     CrossRef
  • Vulnerable Factors Affecting Urinary N-Methylformamide Concentration among Migrant Workers in Manufacturing Industries in Comparison with Native Workers in the Republic of Korea (2012–2019)
    Kyung-Eun Lee, Kayoung Park, Dong Joon Park, Sungkyun Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(20): 13450.     CrossRef
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A Case of Epitheloid Sarcoma on Metal Cutoff Worker
Min Gi Kim, Kyoo Sang Kim, Tae Woo Kim, Hyung Woo Ryu, Jae Hong Ryoo
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(2):147-152.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.2.147
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Soft tissue sarcoma is a rare condition with many causative factors. However a soft tissue sarcoma from a metallic foreign body and injury is rare. We report a case of a soft tissue sarcoma caused by a metallic foreign body and injury.
CASE
The patient had been worked as a metal cutter for 17 years. While working, his palms were constantly pricked by small metallic splinters, which were generally removed after work. On march 2004, he had palpitated mass on his right palm. On November 2006, a right hand x-ray showed a mass and metallic foreign body at the 1st volar space which was confirmed to be an epitheloid sarcoma. All metallic products of his workplace contained chromium and Nickel. which are known to cause soft tissue sarcomas. A review of the literature revealed foreign-body and injury induced oxidative and nitrative stress to be associated with a developing sarcoma. In addition, Cr and Ni are associated with the development of sarcoma. Therefore it was concluded this case of epitheloid sarcoma was associated with his employment.
CONCLUSION
A soft-tissue sarcoma associated with a metal foreign-body and injury is rare and their relationship is difficult understand. If a case of sarcoma is encountered on a metal associated worker, their job association should be considered.

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A Case-study of a Plastering and Waterproof Worker Suffering from Silicosis and Lung Cancer
Kyoo Sang Kim, Min Heui Jo, Byung kyu Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(2):153-159.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.2.153
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
We report on a case-study of a silicosis sufferer with lung cancer, who was exposed to cement dust through plastering and waterproof work in the construction industry.
METHODS
We reviewed his personal history including employment, medical record and estimated level of carcinogenic materials in the work place in order to evaluate the possible source of his lung cancer.
RESULTS
The patient was a non-smoker and there was no family history of lung cancer. His medical record did not reveal anything of concern. He was exposed to cement dust while he had worked for 20 years as a plasterer and waterproof worker. After complaining of chest pain, he was examined and subsequently diagnosed with lung cancer (RUL, adenocarcinoma; cT4N2M1). He was treated in a hospital for 3 months before passing away. Radiological evaluation by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed micronodules with a profusion category 1 (p/p, 1/1) in the perilymphatic distribution, which indicated silicosis. Small amounts of cement dust which included silica was identified by environmental evaluation of his work place. He never worked with asbestos related material, which was confirmed by HRCT examination.
CONCLUSIONS
We concluded that the patient's silicosis with lung cancer was an occupational-caused disease due to exposure to cement dust.

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  • Analysis of Cost Benefit Related to Appointing a Health Care Manager in the Construction Industry
    Hye-Sun Jung, Jee-Seon Yi, In-Jae Shin, Eun-Hi Choi
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(2): 130.     CrossRef
  • Assessment for the Physiological Workload of Warterproof Workers
    Tae-Kyung Lim, Sang-Min Park, Dong-Eun Lee
    Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction.2015; 31(6): 33.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Cancers with Chemical Exposure and their Prevention in Korea: A Literature Review
    Kyung-Taek Rim
    Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2013; 14(6): 3379.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Respiratory Cancer in Korea
    Hye-Eun Lee, Hyoung Ryoul Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S94.     CrossRef
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Prevalence of Occupational Asthma and Exposure Level of Pharmaceutical Dust of Workers in a Pharmaceutical Company
Sung Soo Oh, Yong Hyu Choi, Eun A Kim, Young Mok Lee, Jae Kil Jang, Jang Jin Yoo, Seung Hyun Park, Soo Young Jung, Tae Kyun Kim, Kyoo Sang Kim, Seong Kyu Kang
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2006;18(2):94-102.   Published online June 30, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.2.94
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
After the investigation of one worker with occupational asthma, we surveyed the prevalence of occupational asthma and the exposure level of pharmaceutical dust of 32 workers in a pharmaceutical company.
METHODS
Thirty-two of the 90 employees participated in the survey which consisted of questionnaire, blood sampling, spirometry and skin prick tests with 8 common allergens as well as 9 antibiotics and 2 enzymes. Various indices of the working environment were also measured. Subjects who had a symptom suggestive of work-related asthma or positive skin prick test were further investigated by PC20 methacholine. Nine subjects who had a PC20 result of 16 mg/ml or less (n=7) or had work-related symptoms and positive skin prick test (n=2) were referred to undergo a specific bronchial provocation test to pharmaceutical dust in an academic allergic disease center.
RESULTS
Eleven of 32 workers (34.4%) had a work-related symptom suggestive of occupational asthma. Ten (31.2%) showed positive skin prick test. 8 (25.0%) had a PC20 result of 16 mg/ml or less (indicative of significant bronchial hyperresponsiveness), and 5 (15.6%) had a positive result on the specific bronchial provocation test. Exposure levels of stuffing, input of raw materials and screening process were relatively high.
CONCLUSIONS
This survey showed that pharmaceutical workers have an increased risk of occupational asthma. Although pharmaceutical factories maintain a relatively good working environment, careful control of respiratory tract exposures, especially during stuffing, input of raw materials and screening process, is important to prevent occupational asthma. Pharmaceutical workers need to undergo regular skin prick and methacholine bronchial provocation tests, as well as asthmatic symptom survey, to ensure the early detection and prevention of occupational asthma.

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  • Occupational Diseases in Korea
    Seong-Kyu Kang, Eun A Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S4.     CrossRef
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Acoustic Calibration of Clinical Audiometers Used for Special Periodic Health Examination
Kyoo Sang Kim, Yong Lim Won, Soo Young Chung, Seong Kyu Kang
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(4):381-390.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.4.381
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Various problems are encountered during audiometric testing. Deviation from reference threshold levels for supra-aural earphones is often a serious problem when hearing levels are measured. This paper reports the acoustic calibration of clinical audiometers used for special periodic health examination.
METHODS
ANSI S3.6-1996 Specification for Audiometers represents our most current and best resource for information regarding audiometers. The acoustic calibration was measured in 211 clinical audiometers and compared with the ANSI S3.6-1996 reference threshold levels for supra-aural earphones.
RESULTS
Among 211 clinical audiometers, 56 (26.5%) exceeded the permitted deviation from reference threshold levels at any test frequency in ANSI S3.6-1996 for left supra-aural earphones, and 54 (25.6%) for right. An exhaustive calibration was required for 16 audiometers (7.6%) in both supra-aural earphones. The absolute difference in dB deviation from reference threshold levels by performed acoustic calibration at least annually were statistically significant at any test frequency (p<.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study strongly indicate that clinical audiometry is being conducted with pure-tone audiometers having unallowable sound pressure levels deviations for supra-aural earphones. The validity of audiometric hearing thresholds are significantly affected by these deviations from the acoustic calibration levels of audiometers. Therefore audiometer calibration need to be checked functionally daily and acoustically at least annually.

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  • Development of Linux based Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer for Puretone Audiometer
    Deok-Hun Kang, Bum-Joo Shin, Gye-Rok Jeon, Soo-Geun Wang
    Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2011; 12(6): 2830.     CrossRef
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Hearing Thresholds in Electronics Sound Inspectors Exposed to Continuous and Impulsive Type Noises
Seong Ah Kim, Kyoo Sang Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(3):227-235.   Published online September 30, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.3.227
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the relation between different types of exposure to noise and a classic sign of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL); the audiometric notch.
METHODS
A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out in electronics sound inspectors exposed to continuous and impulsive type noises. The noise levels in the working environments, and the audiometric hearing threshold levels were measured.
RESULTS
Electronics sound inspectors were exposed to impulsive noise ranging from 74.1 to 88.9 dBA. The hearing loss induced by impulsive noise was greater and was characterized by maximum loss at 6 kHz audiometric frequency, as opposed to the notch at 4 kHz that is typical of continuous noise.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that the probable effect of impulsive noise on hearing should be considered even when the exposure is within the 85 dB equivalent A-weighted level. To diagnose NIHL it is important to elicit a detailed and accurate history of exposure to noise. Although the notch at 4 kHz is a well established clinical sign and may be valuable in confirming the diagnosis, the 6 kHz notch is variable and of limited importance.

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Ambient Noise Levels in the Audiometric Test Rooms Used for Special Periodic Health Examination
Kyoo Sang Kim, Yong Hyu Choi, Yong Lim Won, Seong Kyu Kang
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(3):316-328.   Published online September 30, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.3.316
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The ambient noise levels in the test rooms affect the workers's hearing threshold. The present study was designed to assess the ambient noise levels in the test rooms to determine if valid hearing tests, both pure-tone air conduction and bone-conduction, could be performed in these environments.
METHODS
In the present study, third octave band ambient noise sound pressure levels were measured in 124 audiometric test rooms used for clinical audiometry, and the results were compared with the ANSI third octave band maximum permissible ambient noise levels (MPANLs) for each test condition and frequency range.
RESULTS
The ambient noise SPLs were highest in the lower frequencies, and this decreased as the frequency increased. For the "ears covered"condition, about 24.2% of the rooms were in compliance (pass) with the MPANLs for the 125-8000 Hz, 35.5% were in compliance for the 250-8000 Hz range and 55.6% were in compliance for the 500-8000 Hz range. For the "ears not covered"condition, only about 8.1% of the rooms passed for the 125-8000 Hz, 13.7% of the rooms passed for the 250-8000 Hz range and 34.7% of the rooms passed for the 500-8000 Hz range. All 124 rooms met the OSHA MPANLs.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study strongly indicate that clinical audiometry is being conducted in test rooms having unacceptable or excessive ambient noise levels.

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  • Ambient Noise in Candidate Rooms for User-Operated Audiometry
    Christos Sidiras, Jacob Nielsen, Chris Bang Sørensen, Jesper Hvass Schmidt, René Gyldenlund Pedersen, Ellen Raben Pedersen
    Healthcare.2023; 11(6): 889.     CrossRef
  • Achievements, Problems, and Future Direction of the Quality Control Program for Special Periodic Health Examination Agencies in Republic of Korea
    Yong Lim Won, Kyung Sun Ko, Jae Oh Park, Yoon jung Choi, Hyeji Lee, Jung-min Sung, Mi-young Lee
    Safety and Health at Work.2019; 10(1): 125.     CrossRef
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Characteristics and Affecting Factors of Tinnitus in Noise Exposed Workers
Kyoo Sang Kim, Ho Keun Chung
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(4):436-447.   Published online December 31, 2002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.4.436
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Tinnitus is a relatively common complaint of workers who are exposed to noise. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of tinnitus as well as the factors related to the prevalence of tinnitus.
METHODS
A cross-sectional audiologic survey was combined with a questionnaire on tinnitus in a stratified random sample of 246 shipyard workers who had long-term exposure to noise.
RESULTS
Forty seven had tinnitus, giving a prevalence of 19.1 percent. The tinnitus was the here and now in 44.7 percent of cases, bilateral in 51.1 percent, and caused sleep disturbances in 12.8 percent. The prevalence of tinnitus was highest in shipfitters and those with longer exposure duration.The workers with tunnitus had consistently higher hearing thresholds at both high and low frequencies than those with no tinnitus.The workers with tinnitus had a significantly higher prevalence of hearing disorders such as conductive hearing loss, a C5-dip, and NIHL.Multivariative logistic regression indicated that past history of ear disease, working and military service exposure to noise were independently associated with tinnitus. The adjusted odds ratio estimates for tinnitus were 3.0 times greater (95%CI 1.4-6.4) for the group with a past history of ear diseases,2.3 times greater (95%CI 1.0-5.0) for the military noise exposed group,and 4.5 times greater (95%CI 1.8-11.1) for the working noise exposed group.
CONCLUSIONS
The results provide evidence that reports of tinnitus at the time of the annual audiometric testing may be useful in identifying workers at greater risk of developing significant shifts in their hearing thresholds. An awareness of the possible occurrence of tinnitus may encourage workers to cooperate more actively in a company's hearing conservation program.

Citations

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  • A systematic review of the reporting of tinnitus prevalence and severity
    Abby McCormack, Mark Edmondson-Jones, Sarah Somerset, Deborah Hall
    Hearing Research.2016; 337: 70.     CrossRef
  • The Characterisitics of Tinnitus and Its Relationship to Depression from Tinnitus Acquired from Military Service
    Kyoo Sang Kim, Ji Hae Kim, Yong Hun Yoon
    Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.2012; 55(12): 757.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Hearing Loss in Korea
    Kyoo Sang Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S62.     CrossRef
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A Case of Reactive Dye Induced Asthma in an Exposed Worker near a Dye Factory
Kyoo Sang Kim, Jung Won Park, Chein Soo Hong, Seong Kyu Kang
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(3):326-333.   Published online September 30, 2002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.3.326
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Reactive dye (RD) induced bronchial asthma is a well known form of occupational asthma. We report a case of occupational asthma due to RD in an exposed worker near a dye factory.
METHODS
To evaluate the work-relatedness of bronchial asthma, we examined all possibilities by considering the working environment and performing a personal clinical survey, such as interview on the previous history of allergic diseases, clinical and immunological investigation including skin prick tests, bronchoprovocation tests, and serial peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR).
RESULTS
Occupational asthma of internal origin was excluded by the characteristics of asthma, absence of occupational allergens, and negative PEFR result in the worker's own workplace. However, specific IgE and skin prick tests with reactive dye allergens were all strongly positive. RD challenge test showed maximal 34 % fall of FEV1 at 10 minutes of exposure (PD2 0: 2.11 mg/ml).
CONCLUSIONS
We concluded that this case was an example of bronchial asthma by external occupational allergens. This case suggests that RD induced asthma may also occur in workers and inhabitants who have lived near a reactive dye manufacturing factory.

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  • Occupational Asthma in Korea
    Sung Soo Oh, Kyoo Sang Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S20.     CrossRef
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Atypical Noise-induced Hearing Loss As a Workers'Impairment Criteria
Kyoo Sang Kim, Moon Suh Park, Seong Kyu Kang
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(3):334-345.   Published online September 30, 2002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.3.334
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The problem of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) was objectively and systematically investigated by diagnosing three workers who complained of tinnitus and hearing disturbance.
METHODS
Atypical hearing loss is diagnosed as a work-related disease by using general medical methods, such as environmental survey, neurological examination, otoscopy, pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, otoacoustic emissions (OAE), auditory-evoked potentials, and interview on the history of past disease, family and occupation.
RESULTS
Three results were found according to the work-related hearing loss as follows; (1) hearing loss that is caused by exposure to continuous noise of less than 85 dB(A) or impact noise of greater than 135 dB peak, (2) mixed hearing loss that has progressed due to noise with past otitis media, and (3) atypical hearing loss that showed remarkable differences between air and bone conduction due to tinnitus.
CONCLUSIONS
The criteria for work-related hearing loss should be carefully investigated by considering exposure to impact noise, the effect of continuous noise on mixed hearing loss patients, and the hearing loss caused by tinnitus.

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Job instability of Labor Market and Preplacement Health Examination: the Case of Hearing Loss
Sang Baek Koh, Kyoo Sang Kim, Sei Jin Chang, Bong Suk Cha, Jong Ku Park, Dong Mug Kang, Jai Young Kim, Soo Keun Kim, Hong Ryul Choi
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(1):57-68.   Published online March 31, 2002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.1.57
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study examines the problem of the preplacement health examination in terms of hearing loss case, where workers have been experiencing job instability in the labor market.
METHODS
In order to measure the 2-year job retention rate of employees in 79 shipbuilding subcontracted companies in Kyongnam province, we utilized the same methods as those used by Neumark et al(1999), and Bernhardt et al(1999). We surveyed 79 heath and safety personnel from the companies with a questionnaire to evaluate the present status of the preplacement health examination. We reviewed the preplacement health certificates(result of audiometric hearing thresholds) of 1,818 recruits issued by Daewoo hospital from January 1 to June 30, 2001.
RESULTS
The job retention rate was 40.3 %(male 38.53 %, female 52.01 %). Of the 79 health and safety personnel of companies, 44(55.7 %) perceived the preplacement health examination as a tool for the selection of recruits, 3(3.8 %) as a procedure for job fitting and 31(39.2 %) as both. Most of them were against the acceptance of recruits with hearing loss, spinal disease and hepatitis. Among the 1,818 workers who underwent the preplacement health examination, 530(29.1 %) were examined after employment, but 1,096(60.3 %) were examined before employment. The number with previous job experience was 1,591(87.5 %). In the audiometric hearing threshold results, the prevalence of hearing loss was positively correlated with age. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of hearing loss depending on previous job and number of quitting at 4,000 Hz.
CONCLUSIONS
The comparison of 2-year job retention rates before and after the Korean economic crisis of 1997 suggests that job stability has been aggravated especially for cohorts of long tenure, irregular job, and old age. This evidence shows that previous job and age play a role in determining worker employment based on perceived results from the preplacement health examination. This result suggests that a pre-employment health examination be substituted for the preplacement health examination based on the essential job functions and reasonable accommodation. Because it has little relevance in a wide range of employment and minor health problems, the results of this examination should not debar applicants from employment.

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Appropriateness of the Method and Evaluation in Pure-tone Audiometry in the Special Periodic Health Examination of Noise-exposed Workers
Kyoo Sang Kim, So Yeun Kim, Young Sook Cho, Ho Keun Jung
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001;13(3):262-273.   Published online September 30, 2001
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2001.13.3.262
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate that noise-exposed workers have been appropriately selected for the special periodic health examination and that pure-tone audiometry has been correctly applied and the results of these have been properly analyzed.
METHODS
We obtained health examination data of noise-exposed workers from 48 special periodic health examination agencies. The data consisted of special periodic health examination results and audiograms that had performed examination during the latter half of 1998. We analysed the appropriateness of the subject selection for the second special periodic health examination of noise-exposed workers, the method of pure-tone audiometry, and the evaluation of audiogram.
RESULTS
The screening performance rate is 67.65% in the special periodic health examination of noise-exposed workers. Although 34.29 persons per agency should have had a second examination according to our criteria, only 18.44 persons were actually examined. So a third of subjects were omitted. The air and bone conduction performance rate by each frequency is 75.71 %. 24.29 % persons did not have a bone conduction and were evaluated only by air conduction. The correct use rate of symbols(right, left-unmasked AC, masked AC, unmasked BC, and masked BC) recommended by ASHA(American Speech-Language-Hearing Association) was 70.36 %. Generally air conduction threshold is equal to or higher than bone conduction threshold. In the reverse case, especially if the gap is more than 10 dB(BC-AC > 10), this is considered to be incorrect. When we applied this criteria, the result indicated that it was correct in 75.46 %. The performance rate of air masking was 15.03 %, and bone masking was 26.21 %. 7 among 48 agencies diagnosed NIHL(Noise-Induced Hearing Loss) only by air conduction, 8 performed air masking and 13 did bone masking. When compared with ISO Standard(1964) and Ministry of Labor Standard, the results of evaluation(D1, D2) on hearing loss according to hearing loss type and threshold were rather low.
CONCLUSIONS
Hearing Quality Assurance Program about periodic special examination agencies and examiners will continue to be needed and also the evaluation of hearing loss should be performed and controlled using accurate criteria. This will reduce the error among examiners and results in individuals by means of a standard that is capable of being accurate and reliable.

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Analysis of Claimed Cases as an Occupational Disease at Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency from 1992 to 1999
Seong Kyu Kang, Kyoo Sang Kim, Yangho Kim, Jung Keun Choi, Yeon Soon Ahn, Yeong Woo Jin, Byong Soon Choi, Jeong Sun Yang, Euna Kim, Chang Ho Chae, Yong Hue Choi, Dae Seong Kim, Jung Sun Park, Ho Keun Chung
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(2):292-301.   Published online June 30, 2000
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.2.292
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Pneumoconisis and noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) have been reported as main occupational diseases by the Special Health Examination. The Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance has reported various work-related diseases, however, these two diseases occupied almost a half of compensated cases. Therefore, it was not well known about the status of occupational diseases other than pneumoconiosis, NIHL, and cardiocerebrovascular accident(CVA). This study was conducted to analyze claimed cases as an occupational disease, that was requested to the Korea Industrial Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA).
METHODS
The local office of the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation(KLWC) has asked the KOSHA for confirmation of claimed cases as an occupational disease. We analyzed 379 cases requested from KLWC, the Ministry of Labor, employers, unions and occupational health agencies from 1992 to 1999.
RESULTS
Male was 80. 7 % of the requested cases. Their mean age was 42 years old and 75. 5 % of them were more than 35 years old. The requested cases were increased rapidly from 25 cases in 1992 to 108 cases in 1999 and the accept rate was 50. 7 %. The majority of requested cases were respiratory diseases(22.4 %), cancers(18.5 %), Neuropsychiatric problems (14. 5 %), and musculoskeletal problems (13. 5 %). The accept rate was high in reproductive, respiratory, musculoskeletal and digestive disorders and low in neuropsychiatric, renal and otologic problems and occupational cancers. 73. 6 % of them were caused by chemical agents, especially 28. 5 % were by organic solvents. 67 % of them were clinically confirmed at university hospitals. A half of the cases were from KyongIn area, even the request came from the whole country.
CONCLUSIONS
A claim was common in workers whose age was over 35 years old and exposure history was over 10 years. The respiratory diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders were still main problems in occupational health and occupational cancers was increasing even though its accept rate was not high yet.

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    Byeong Ju Choi, Saerom Lee, Iu Jin Lee, Soon Woo Park, Sanggil Lee
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Systemic sclerosis due to crystalline silica exposure among jewelry workers in Korea: two case reports
    Jae Yoon Kim, Sang Yoon Do, Young Hoon Moon, Chul Gab Lee, Yun Sung Kim, Byung Soon Choi, Eun-A Kim, Han Soo Song
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Characteristics and Influencing Factors on Recuperators with Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders
    Kyoo-Sang Kim, Hee-Gyeong Jeon, Day-Sung Kim
    Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea.2012; 31(5): 671.     CrossRef
  • Work-related Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases in Korea
    Dae-Seong Kim, Seong-Kyu Kang
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S105.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Neurological Disorders in Korea
    Eun-A Kim, Seong-Kyu Kang
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S26.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Diseases in Korea
    Seong-Kyu Kang, Eun A Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S4.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Lymphohematopoietic Cancer in Korea
    Eun-A Kim, Won Jin Lee, Mia Son, Seong-Kyu Kang
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S99.     CrossRef
  • Occupational exposure to benzene in South Korea
    Seong-Kyu Kang, Mi-Young Lee, Tae-Kyun Kim, Jeong-Oh Lee, Yeon Soon Ahn
    Chemico-Biological Interactions.2005; 153-154: 65.     CrossRef
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Factors Associated with Psychoneurobehavjral Outcomes in Workers Exposed to Manganese
Kyoo Sang Kim, Yangho Kim, Youngwoo Jin, Euna Kim, Jeong Sun Yang, Kwi Ryun Kwon, Jae Woo Kim, Jaehoon Roh, Young Hahn Moon
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(2):213-228.   Published online June 30, 1999
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.2.213
AbstractAbstract PDF
The risk posed to human health by environmental manganese (Mn) exposure is unknown. The purpose of this study is to establish if subclinical effects related to Mn exposure and examine the factors influencing psychoneurobehaviral outcomes of Mn exposed workers. This study involved 121 male workers of welding, alloy furnace, and manufacturing of welding stick. Study investigations include: a questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, job and exposure history and medical symptoms and conditions, monitoring workplace air for personal exposure to respirable and inhalable manganese, analysis of blood and urine samples. psychoneurobehaviral test(neurobehaviral core test battery (NCTB), signal change on magnetic resonance imaging (MRJ) scans, minimental state and neurological examination). The main results of this study were as follows: 1. Preliminary results showed that, with increasing manganese exposure, neurobehaviral performance was poorer and signal change on MRI scans increased. 2. The results of examination revealed significant relations on psychoneurobehaviral out-comes (neurobehaviral performance, signal change on MRI scans, and neurological features). 3. In multiple regression, age and educational status as demographic variables and exposure level were significantly related to 4neurobehaviral test. Also exposure level and serum Mn concentrations were positively relatel to signal change on MRI scans and neurological features affected by Mn on the brain (signal change). 4. Psychoneurobehaviral outcomes from Mn exposure were related to neurobehaviral performance, signal change on MRJ scans, neurological features and profile of mood states (POMS), and influnced positively with age, alcohol and smoking history, and duration of Mn exposure, negatively with educational status. Serum Mn concentrations in combination with brain MRI scans, and perhaps a battery of neurobehaviral tests, appear to be the best way to monitor excessive exposure to Mn. These results are consistent with our knowledge on Mn action on the brain and are similar to the type of neurobehaviral dysfunction. They suggest that there may be age, educational status, and life style (alcohol and drinking history) differences with chronic environmental exposure. These findings suggest further evaluation, particularly on relationships between Mn exposure, aging, and susceptibility factors.

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  • A Study on the Total, Particle Size-Selective Mass Concentration of Airborne Manganese, and Blood Manganese Concentration of Welders in a Shipbuilding Yard
    Jong Su Park, Pan Gyi Kim, Jee Yeon Jeong
    Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(4): 472.     CrossRef
  • Associations between Airborne Manganese and Blood Manganese in the Korean General Population according to KNHANES 2008-2009
    Kyung Sick Jung, Jong Dae Lee, Yong Bae Kim
    Journal of Environmental Science International.2013; 22(12): 1589.     CrossRef
  • Neurobehavioral Deficits and Parkinsonism in Occupations with Manganese Exposure: A Review of Methodological Issues in the Epidemiological Literature
    Robert M. Park
    Safety and Health at Work.2013; 4(3): 123.     CrossRef
  • Olfactory functions at the intersection between environmental exposure to manganese and Parkinsonism
    Silvia Zoni, Giulia Bonetti, Roberto Lucchini
    Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology.2012; 26(2-3): 179.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Neurological Disorders in Korea
    Eun-A Kim, Seong-Kyu Kang
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S26.     CrossRef
  • Exposure-Response Relationship and Risk Assessment for Cognitive Deficits in Early Welding-Induced Manganism
    Robert M. Park, Rosemarie M. Bowler, Harry A. Roels
    Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2009; 51(10): 1125.     CrossRef
  • State-of-the-Science Review: Does Manganese Exposure During Welding Pose a Neurological Risk?
    Annette B. Santamaria, Colleen A. Cushing, James M. Antonini, Brent L. Finley, Fionna S. Mowat
    Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B.2007; 10(6): 417.     CrossRef
  • Issues in neurological risk assessment for occupational exposures: The Bay Bridge welders
    Robert M. Park, Rosemarie M. Bowler, Donald E. Eggerth, Emily Diamond, Katie J. Spencer, Donald Smith, Roberto Gwiazda
    NeuroToxicology.2006; 27(3): 373.     CrossRef
  • Potential occupational risks for neurodegenerative diseases
    Robert M. Park, Paul A. Schulte, Joseph D. Bowman, James T. Walker, Stephen C. Bondy, Michael G. Yost, Jennifer A. Touchstone, Mustafa Dosemeci
    American Journal of Industrial Medicine.2005; 48(1): 63.     CrossRef
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Performance of Neurobehavioral Tests Among Welders Exposed to Manganese
Youngwoo Jin, Yangho Kim, Kyoo Sang Kim, Euna Kim, Young Sook Cho, Yong Chul Shin, Changho Chai, Younghyu Choi, Se Hoon Lee, Young Hahn Moon
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(1):1-12.   Published online March 31, 1999
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.1.1
AbstractAbstract PDF
To study neurobehavioral effects for manganese fume exposure of welders, we administrated questionnaire about subjective symptom, related with manganese exposure. Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery of World Health Qrganization(NCTB) and finger tapping for 98 welders and 29 non-welding workers. We adopted welding duration as a criterion for exposure assessment, because of the lack of the longitudinal valid data and differences in airborne concentrations of manganese in welding types, such as shielded metal arc and CO2 arc welding. Neurologic, musculoskeletal and concentration symptoms were significantly increased by increase of welding duration. Performance of finger tapping preferred hand, Santa Ana dexterity test preferred hand and correct number of pursuit aiming were significantly decreased by increase of welding duration. These results comparable with previous studies that suggest neurobehavioral test, especially motor test, to be an appropriate tool to detect early neurobehavioral abnormalities related with manganeses exposure.

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  • Manganese exposure and cognitive performance: A meta-analytical approach
    Thomas Vlasak, Tanja Dujlovic, Alfred Barth
    Environmental Pollution.2023; 332: 121884.     CrossRef
  • Derivation of an occupational exposure level for manganese in welding fumes
    Lisa A. Bailey, Laura E. Kerper, Julie E. Goodman
    NeuroToxicology.2018; 64: 166.     CrossRef
  • Neurobehavioral Deficits and Parkinsonism in Occupations with Manganese Exposure: A Review of Methodological Issues in the Epidemiological Literature
    Robert M. Park
    Safety and Health at Work.2013; 4(3): 123.     CrossRef
  • Neuropsychological effects of low-level manganese exposure in welders
    Wisanti Laohaudomchok, Xihong Lin, Robert F. Herrick, Shona C. Fang, Jennifer M. Cavallari, Ruth Shrairman, Alexander Landau, David C. Christiani, Marc G. Weisskopf
    NeuroToxicology.2011; 32(2): 171.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Psychiatric Disorders in Korea
    Kyeong-Sook Choi, Seong-Kyu Kang
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S87.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Neurological Disorders in Korea
    Eun-A Kim, Seong-Kyu Kang
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S26.     CrossRef
  • Exposure-Response Relationship and Risk Assessment for Cognitive Deficits in Early Welding-Induced Manganism
    Robert M. Park, Rosemarie M. Bowler, Harry A. Roels
    Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2009; 51(10): 1125.     CrossRef
  • State-of-the-Science Review: Does Manganese Exposure During Welding Pose a Neurological Risk?
    Annette B. Santamaria, Colleen A. Cushing, James M. Antonini, Brent L. Finley, Fionna S. Mowat
    Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B.2007; 10(6): 417.     CrossRef
  • High signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging as a predictor of neurobehavioral performance of workers exposed to manganese
    Yong Chul Shin, Euna Kim, Hae-Kwan Cheong, Sungil Cho, Joon Sakong, Kyoo Sang Kim, Jung Sun Yang, Young-Woo Jin, Seong-Kyu Kang, Yangho Kim
    NeuroToxicology.2007; 28(2): 257.     CrossRef
  • Sequelae of fume exposure in confined space welding: A neurological and neuropsychological case series
    Rosemarie M. Bowler, Sanae Nakagawa, Marija Drezgic, Harry A. Roels, Robert M. Park, Emily Diamond, Donna Mergler, Maryse Bouchard, Russell P. Bowler, William Koller
    NeuroToxicology.2007; 28(2): 298.     CrossRef
  • Issues in neurological risk assessment for occupational exposures: The Bay Bridge welders
    Robert M. Park, Rosemarie M. Bowler, Donald E. Eggerth, Emily Diamond, Katie J. Spencer, Donald Smith, Roberto Gwiazda
    NeuroToxicology.2006; 27(3): 373.     CrossRef
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Tympanic Membrane Perforation Due to Metal Spark in a Welder
Kyoo Sang Kim, Tae Gee Jung
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(1):113-118.   Published online March 31, 1999
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.1.113
AbstractAbstract PDF
Injury to the ear in welders is a recognized but poorly documented entity. The risk for ear injury from molten metal or hot sparks produced during welding procedures is low, but the effects can be significant. Burns, tympanic membrane perforations and chonic otorrhoea are the most common results. One case recently experienced at our institution highlight the risk that exists for middle ear injury. The traumatic thermal injury was caused by a metal spark perforating the tympanic membrane during welding. Neither subject was using ear protection at the time. The use of ear protection is strongly advocated during welding operations that place the ear at risk.

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  • Occupational Hearing Loss in Korea
    Kyoo Sang Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S62.     CrossRef
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among Service and Manufacturing Workers with Repetitive Motion Tasks
Kyoo Sang Kim, Se Wi Lee, Younghyu Choi, Mi Ryeong Jin
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(4):505-523.   Published online December 31, 1998
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.4.505
AbstractAbstract PDF
The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of occupationally related carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) among workers employed in services and manufacturing industries analysing the sensitivity and specificity of clinical symptoms and signs. Three surveys were made for this study. The first survey was done for 1,447 workers employed by 25 companies. The jobs of the employees were repetitive works at VDT and assembly lines. Therefore, employees could be divided to two groups, doing repetitive works and non repetitive works. The second survey was made for 189 workers who were randomly selected from 517 workers complained some symptoms at their hands and wrists. We examined their symptoms and carried out neurological examinations for CTS (Tinel's sign, Phalen's sign, pin prick test, carpal compressive test, toniquet compression test). The third survey was made for nerve conduction study (NCS) for 57 workers who had shown positive signs for CTS. The main results of this study were as follows: 1. From the first survey, we have found that there were significant statistical differences in getting uncomfortable neuromuscular symptoms by sex, job type, total working hours during a week, duration of current work, and kinds of work. Odds ratio in male vs female, repetitive vs non repetitive, service vs manufacturing companies, total working hours during a week, and duration of current work were 1.867(95% CI=1.467-2.377), 1.680 (95% CI=1.121-2.279), 1.663(95% CI=1.213-2.279), 1.016(95% CI=1.006-1.027) and 1.283 (95% CI=1.097-1.501) respectively. 2. From the second survey, we have found that 46 peoples (25.0%) were positive for one or more than one signs in neurological examinations of NIOSH criteria. Positive findings from neurological examinations were high among workers of low level of education (p-value=0.008), manufacturing jobs (p-value=0.00), long hours a week (p-value=0.028), and long duration of current work (p-value=0.00). 3. From the third survey, we diagnosed 35 peoples (61.4%) had CTS by NCS. They had abnormally delayed latent period or velocity in median nerve conduction velocity.

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  • Distribution of age, gender, and occupation among individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome based on the National Health Insurance data and National Employment Insurance data
    Il-Ho Lee, Young-Ki Kim, Dong-Mug Kang, Se-Yeong Kim, In-Ah Kim, Eun-Mi Kim
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Changes in upper limb muscle activity during smartphone usage while in stable and unstable positions and during gait
    You Lim Kim, Suk Min Lee, Hyun-Soo Lee, Juyeong Song, Si-On Song, Min-Ji Seol, Yu-Mi Jang, Jin-Sik Im, Ji-Woo Im
    Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science.2018; 7(3): 119.     CrossRef
  • The comparison of muscle activity according to various conditions during smartphone use in healthy adults
    You Lim Kim, Jaehyun Yoo, Sinwoo Kang, Taerim Kim, Namyeol Kim, Sojeong Hong, Wonjeong Hwang, Suk Min Lee
    Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science.2016; 5(1): 15.     CrossRef
  • The incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
    Kwang-Hyun Lee, Chang-Hun Lee, Bong-Gun Lee, Jin-Sik Park, Wan-Sun Choi
    International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases.2015; 18(1): 52.     CrossRef
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Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Caused by Noise Exposure to Intense Sound
Kyoo Sang Kim, Jinsook Kim, Keehyun Park
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(4):618-626.   Published online December 31, 1998
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.4.618
AbstractAbstract PDF
Sudden deafness may be defined as a sensorineural hearing loss that develope over a period of hours or a few days. The severity of the hearing loss may vary from mild to total loss of perception of the most intense sound. The loss of hearing may be permanent, or the hearing may spontaneously return to normal or near normal. Proposed explanations for sudden idiopathic sensorineural loss revolve primarily around viral or vascular etiologies. In addition to noise-induced deafness, which can be divided into a slowly progressive deafness caused by prolonged intense noise exposure and acute acoustic trauma caused by a single exposure to very intense sound. 45- and 52-year-old healthy male smokers with no previous otologic history, noted the acute loss of hearing with tinnitus in his right ear during his unusual intense noise exposed activities. There were no other associated symptoms of dizziness or visual change. After several days without improvement, they presented to the department of otolaryngology. Physical examination, neurologic evaluation, and otorhinolaryngologic examination were essentially within normal limits except for the hearing loss on the right ear. An audiogram revealed a severe primarily sensorineural sensitivity loss on the right. Routine laboratory studies were within normal limits. Two patients denied previous barotrauma, atypical or unusual drug usage, and unusual physical exertion or strain. We observed evidence of cochlear abnormality. The presence of cochlear dysfunction is supported by acoustic reflex threshold and auditory brain-stem response. These findings strengthened the probability of an acoustic trauma origin for the sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

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  • Occupational Diseases in Korea
    Seong-Kyu Kang, Eun A Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S4.     CrossRef
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Pneumoconiosis with Workers of Manufacturing Industry in Incheon
Yeon Soon Ahn, Kyoo Sang Kim, Ho Keun Chung, Il Soon Whang, Jaehoon Roh
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(4):589-603.   Published online December 31, 1997
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.4.589
AbstractAbstract PDF
Most of pneumoconiosis found in Korea can be categorized in coal worker's pneumoconiosis. However, in recent years, pneumoconiosis has been frequently found in the workers of manufacturing factories. Accordingly, this study was carried out to investigate relationship of dust exposure history and development and progress of pneumoconiosis. Chest radiographs, history of dust exposure, and other data of 144 workers, who were diagnosed as suspecter pneumoconiosis (0/l) or pneumoconiosis in special health examination center in Incheon from 1986 to 1996, were reviewed. The results were as follows ; 1. According to the type of main exposure, most common type of exposure was foundry dust(93workers, 64.6%), followed by welding fume(16workers, 11.1%), talc dust, lime dust and etc. 2. Among 144 workers, the history of dust exposure was investigated in 86 workers. Mean ages of 86 workers at the present study, initial exposure to the dusts, and at the time of initial diagnosis as having pneumoconiosis were 52.1, 29.1 and 46.5 years, respectively. The mean duration of exposure was 17.3 years. 3. Comparing the type of main exposure with dust exposure history, initially exposed age of welders, foundry workers, workers exposed to coal dust and other dusts were 24.6, 30.7, 28.0 and 28.5 years, respectively. Ages at the time of diagnosis as having pneumoconiosis of welders, foundry workers, coal dust and other dusts were 41.3, 49.3, 46.4 and 44.1 years, respectively. The duration of exposure to main dust of welders, foundry workers, workers exposed to coal dust and other dusts were 16.8, 18.2, 13.3 and 11.6 years, respectively. Therefore initially exposed age was significant difference between the welders and the foundry workers (p<.05). Age which was diagnosed pneumoconiosis was significant difference between the welders, workers exposed to other dusts and the foundry workers (p<.01). And exposure duration of main dust was significant difference between the workers exposed to other dusts and foundry workers (p<.01) 4. Initially diagnosed X-ray category of the workers were category 0/l (76workers, 52.8%), 1/0 (35workers, 24.3%) Therefore, workers' pneumoconiosis of manufacturing factories was mild, relatively. And there was no significant difference between initially diagnosed X-ray category of the workers and dust exposure history. 5. Among 97 workers, who could follow up more than 1 year, 60 workers(61.9%) were not changed, 24 workers (24.7%) were progressed, 13 workers (13.4%) were improved in their initially diagnosed X-ray category. Among 11 welders, initially diagnosed X-ray category of 5 welders(45.5%) were improved and of only 1 welder was progressed. But, among 19 workers exposed to other dusts, 10 (52.6%) workers were progressed and none of them were improved. 6. Among 53 workers, who were Initially diagnosed X-ray category was 0/l, 12 workers (22.6%) were progressed and 5 workers (9.4%) were improved in their initially diagnosed X-ray category. And among 40 workers, who were initially diagnosed X-ray category was 1, 12 workers(30.0%) were progressed and 7 workers(17.5%) were improved. Above results suggest that not a few workers of manufacturing factories have pneumoconiosis and their pneumoconiosis is progressed. Therefore, we have to prepare management plan and to study epidemiologic findings of pneumoconiosis with workers of manufacturing factories.

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  • Cause-Specific Mortality Due to Malignant and Non-Malignant Disease in Korean Foundry Workers
    Jin-Ha Yoon, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Suminori Akiba
    PLoS ONE.2014; 9(2): e88264.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Diseases in Korea
    Seong-Kyu Kang, Eun A Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S4.     CrossRef
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A Study on Risk Factors of Grain Dust-Induced Occupational Asthma in Grain Feedmill Workers
Kyoo Sang Kim, Euna Kim, Se Wi Lee, Hae Sim Park
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(4):628-640.   Published online December 31, 1997
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.4.628
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was carried out to manifest risk factors related grain dust induced asthma, especially allergic and immunologic factors. Six grain workers first diagnosed as grain dust induced asthma by specific antigen bronchial asthma challenge test (cases) and 37 grain workers showed negative finding (controls) in the same firm were selected. Questionnaire survey for respiratory symptoms, interview, physical examination, PFT, methacholine bronchial hyperresponsiveness, specific challenge tests and skin prick test for four grains (grain, corn, rye and seed dust) were conducted. To evaluate the role of specific antibodies to grain dust, we detected serum specific IgE and IgG antibodies by ELISA in 43 employees. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Compared with the group having no respiratory symptoms, odds ratio of grain dust induced asthma with respiratory symptoms was 3.04 (95% CI 0.32-28.80). 2. Compared with the group having no ventilatory impairment, odds ratio of grain dust induced asthma with ventilatory impairment was 0.54 (95% CI 0.06-5.21). 3. Compared with the group showed negative skin test for general respirable antigen, odds ratio of grain dust induced asthma with atopy was 8.02 (95% CI 0.42-153.25). 4. Compared with the group showed negative finding on specific allergic skin test, odds ratio of grain dust induced asthma with positive finding was 5.88 (95% CI 0.63-55.38). 5. In immunologic test, compared with the group not increased total IgE(<160 IU/ml), odds ratio of grain dust induced asthma with increased group (> or = 160 IU/ml) was 4.78 (95% CI 0.50-44.57). 6. Compared with the group showed negative finding on specific IgE antibody, odds ratio of grain dust induced asthma with positive finding was 2.63 (95% CI 0.43-16.16). 7. Compared with the group showed normal finding on nonspecific (methacholine) bronchial hyperresponsiveness, odds ratio of grain dust induced asthma with positive finding was 76.82(95% CI 3.37 - 1566.34). Statistically significant odds ratio were fecund for specific skin test with grain, total IgE and nonspecific (methacholine) bronchial hyperreponsiveness.

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    Byung-Wook Oh, Hyo-Jae Seo, Il-Hwan Seo
    AgriEngineering.2023; 5(3): 1378.     CrossRef
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    Hyeongyeong Lee, Kyungsu Kim, Dongphil Choi, Lockwhan Jo, Hyocher Kim, Wounjong Choi
    The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2020; 31(4): 779.     CrossRef
  • Work-related Injuries and Diseases of Farmers in Korea
    Kwan LEE, Hyun-Sul LIM
    INDUSTRIAL HEALTH.2008; 46(5): 424.     CrossRef
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Benzidine Exposure Among Benzidine-based Dye Manufacturing Workers
Jae Hoon Roh, Yeon Soon Ahn, Kyoo Sang Kim, Chi Nyon Kim, Hyun Soo Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(2):347-353.   Published online October 31, 1995
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.2.347
AbstractAbstract PDF
To evaluate,the differences of benzidine exposure patterns of the workers in two benzidine-based dye manufacturing factories, the concentration of benzidine: in. air, blood, and urine were measured. The air levels of benzidine dihydrochloride and benzidine-based dye were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector. Blood samples were collected at 3 hours after exposure and urine samples were collected at the end of shift. Blood and urine samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector. The level of benzidine in reaction process (input, diazotization, and coupling); was 0.381+/-7950 g/m3. The blood benzidine was deteced in 25 workers among 38 in reaction process and their mean levels were 0.0153?0376 ng/mg Hb. The urinary benzidine was detected for 11 workers among 38 workers in the reaction process. The level of benzidine-based dye in drying and packing process was 52.1748+/-4.4111g/m3. The blood benzidine was deteced in 6 workers among 38 in drying and packing process and their mean levels was 0.0062+/-0274 ng/mg Hb. The urinary benzidine was detected for 1 worker among 38 workers exposed to benzidine-based dye. The blood and urinary benzidine were detected in workers exposed to benzidine-based dye. Such results suggested that some part of benzidine-based dye was metaboized to benzidine. Therefore, some regulations for manufacturing and use of the benzidine-based dye are needed to prevent its hazards in industries.

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  • A work-relatedness assessment in epidemiological case investigation of occupational cancers: II. Practice: an upper urinary tract cancer in a dyer
    Kihun Kim, Hyeoncheol Oh, Jungwon Kim
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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A Study on the Practical Behavior of Health Care Managers at the Worksite
Jae Hee Lee, Jae Hoon Roh, Kyoo Sang Kim, Yeon Soon Ahn
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(1):88-100.   Published online February 28, 1995
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.1.88
AbstractAbstract PDF
This study was conducted to find out the characteristics, type of the duty and job satisfaction of health care managers at the worksite. The subjects of this study were 306 health care managers serving at worksite situated in Kyungin presently in 1994, concerning their job. Major depedent variables were health management, environmental management, and health planning related with health care managers' job; these variables were measured by nominal scale consisted of 9 items respectively. The collected data were analysed and some major results are as follows; 1. It appeared that according to the qualification of health care managers, nurses showed high performing rate in duty of health managerment and health planning, Industrial hygienist showed high performing rate relating to working environmemt managemant, and regarding their holding an additional post, the number of environmental managers held more an additionnal post than other qualified managers, thereby showing significant relatively, and however, no relation with qualification was there in decision making. 2. The performing rate relatiag to health management was significantly correlate with female, youth, unmarried, higher education, general affairs in post of duty, general employee in position, only duty of health, low monthly income and nurse. But, the performing rate relating to environmental management was significantly correlate with manufacturing industries, industrial health and safety committee, male, old age, married, long work duration, additional post, high monthly income, and hygienist and environmental managers. The performing rate relating to health planning was significantly correlate with the performing rate relating to health and environmental management, but the performing rate relating to health management was not significantly correlate with the performing rate relating to environmental management. 3. In multiple regression analysis, common major determinants of the performing duty relating to health management, environmental management and health planning were industrial health and safety committee, type of industry, education, and qualification of industry's health care managers. Additionally, age was selected as highly correlated with the performing duty relating to environmental management, and work duration and post of duty of health care managers in industry were selected as highly correlated with the performing duty relating to health planning, Based on the results indicated above, it could be understood that characteristics of the worksite-industrial health and safety committee, scale and types of industry, and characteristics of health care managers-age, education, post of duty, work duration and qualification had relations with their type of the duty. Therefore, it is required that the reference to the above-showing results such as guiding for them to precisely grasp their performing duty according to their qualification, heightening their participation in decision-making, extending the industrial health service, etc., operation and management of health care managers at the worksite should be made into being more efficient.

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  • Economic Evaluation of a Workplace Occupational Health Nursing Service: Based on Comparison with Atmospheric Environment Managing Engineer
    Hye-Sun Jung, Bokim Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2013; 43(4): 507.     CrossRef
  • Job Analysis with IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) based on the Qualification of Occupational Health Managers Working in Manufacturing Work-sites
    Jung-Ah Yun, Soon-Lae Kim, Hye-Sun Jung
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(2): 159.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Korean Occupational Health Nurses' Work Conditions on their Performance
    Min Kwon, Soon-Lae Kim, Hye-Sun Jung, Hee-Girl Kim, Kyung-Lim Kim
    Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(1): 83.     CrossRef
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Perception, Attitude and Praetical Behavioral Change of Industrial Health Care Manager toward Group Health Care System
Kyoo Sang Kim, Jaehoon Roh, Yeon Soon Ahn
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(2):411-420.   Published online September 30, 1994
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.2.411
AbstractAbstract PDF
To evaluate the change of perception, attitude and practice toward Group Health Care Systerl for small and medium industries, a survey using self-administered questionnaire was conducted to a part of industries in Inchon area, in year 1992 and 1993. major dependent variables were perception, attitude, and practical behavioral change related with Croup Health Care System ; these variables were measured by 3-point Likert like scale. 47 industries were used in analysis. Psrception of year 1993 was higher (1.25) than that (1 34) of 1992. Attitude of yeal. 1993 was also slightly higher (1.46) than that (1.43) of 1992. Both data indicated positive attitude. Practice of year 1993 was slightly lewer (0.86) tHan that (0.90) of 1992, but its change didn't have any statistical significance. In year 1992, major determinants of perception, attitude and behaviral change were sex and age of industrial health care manager ; they had positive efffct upon perception and practice. In yeal. 1993, it was sex of health care manager; it had influenced upon practice. Both year 1992 and 1993, perception was higher and attitude was more positive. In the case of higher perception or positive attitude, practice was active accordingly. To accelerate the behavioral change of health care manager, it is necessary to eaucate them continuously.

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  • Practice status of specialized agencies for occupational health management of small- to medium-size enterprises and the factors improving their performance: a cross-sectional survey study
    Saerom Lee, Jun-Pyo Myong, Eun-A Kim, Huisu Eom, Bowha Choi, Young Joong Kang
    Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
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A study on the development of management information system for an occupational health service center
Hae Young Min, Kyoo Sang Kim, Young Moon Chae, Sung Hyun Han, Jae Hoon Roh
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1993;5(2):295-309.   Published online September 30, 1993
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1993.5.2.295
AbstractAbstract PDF
No abstract available.

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Workers' health status related working environments in small and medium sized industries
Kyoo Sang Kim, Jae Hoon Roh, Kyung Jong Lee, Ho Keun Chung, Young Hahn Moon
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1993;5(1):3-14.   Published online February 28, 1993
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1993.5.1.3
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