Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Jaehoon Roh

29 Articles

Case report of renal cell carcinoma in automobile manufacturing factory worker due to trichloroethylene exposure in Korea: June-Hee Lee, Inah Kim, Hongdeok Seok, Inhyo Park, Jungho Hwang, Jae-Oh Park, Jong-Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh; Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:19. Published online August 3, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0068-x

Background

The aim of this paper was report first case of renal cell carcinoma developed in a worker who worked in an automobile manufacture line which handles trichloroethylene in Korea.

Case presentation

To clarify the relationship between the onset of renal cell carcinoma in 52-years old male worker and the exposure to trichloroethylene, document studies and work environment measurement were done. Past work environment exposure data were reviewed and medical history and surgery records of the worker were also reviewed. The patient had no personal risk factor related to renal cell carcinoma except for his smoking habit of quarter a pack per day for twenty years, and since trichloroethylene was not part of measurement criteria, past work environment risk assessment data could not verify the exposure. The exposure level is deduced by analyzing material exposure level of work environments which has similar processes in data from revised research of chemical exposure standard and work environment validity assessment. Evaluation Committee of Epidemiologic Survey decided that there are relevant relationship between the exposure and the disease, though we do not have exact data during that period, most experts agree that in every factories they used trichloroethylene without any direction.

Conclusions

From the relevant medical history and the results of the usage of trichloroethylene in the relevant industries, and initial discovery of renal cell carcinoma at health inspection sonogram in 2001, it can be concluded that suggests significant causal relationship between the exposure to trichloroethylene and renal cell carcinoma onset, thus reporting it to be the first domestic case declared to be occupational disease.

Citations

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Effect of drainage layer on pressure drop of dual-layer glass fibrous coalescing filters
Chengwei Xu, Yan Yu, Xiaodong Si
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering.2022; 39(9): 2474. CrossRef
Association Between Kidney Cancer and Occupational Exposure to Trichloroethylene
Morten Buhagen, Anna Grønskag, Siri Fenstad Ragde, Bjørn Hilt
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2016; 58(9): 957. CrossRef

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Factors related to the physician and the employer influencing successful return to work in Korea: results from the first panel study of workers’ compensation insurance (PSWCI): Wanhyung Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon, Jaehoon Roh, Yeong-Kwang Kim, Hongdeok Seok, June-Hee Lee, Jong-Uk Won; Ann Occup Environ Med 2015;27:27. Published online December 11, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-015-0076-x

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Objectives

This study aims to investigate associated factors including the physician and the employer of successful return to work (RTW) in occupationally injured workers.

Methods

This study is based on the first panel study of workers’ compensation insurance (PSWCI), published in June 2014. The PSWCI is a sample survey of occupationally injured workers who completed medical care in 2012 (89,921 people). A total of 2000 subjects were sampled based on sex, age, nine metropolitan-based regions, disability ratings, duration of rehabilitation, and whether vocational rehabilitation service was used. We divided the study population into two groups: return to work (RTW) group (job retention, reemployment, unpaid family worker, and self-employment), and non-RTW group (joblessness and economical inactivity). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) related to differences in basic characteristics, part of physician and employer-related factors between those who succeeded to RTW and those who did not were measured using multivariable logistic regression model.

Results

The success of RTW is 70.6 % (n = 1412) among participants. The ORs (95 % CI) of the participants belonging to RTW who received periodic recovery assessment from the medical care institution and the physician are 1.51 (1.07–2.13). The ORs (95 % CI) are 1.68 (1.05–2.69) for the RTW group who received work ability assessment and referral for vocational return. When the employer maintains the relationship with the occupationally injured worker, the worker has 1.39 times higher odds (95 % CI: 1.41–2.26) of the RTW group compared to the non-RTW group.

Conclusions

The physician and the employer have a significant impact on the RTW.

Citations

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Relationship between workers’ return to work, job retention and income in industrial accidents in Korea: a longitudinal study
Suk Won Bae, Inchul Jeong, Jin-Ha Yoon, Seung Wook Lee, Tae Hyun Kim, Jong-Uk Won
BMJ Open.2021; 11(4): e039948. CrossRef
Effect of professional certification on employees’ return-to-work rate after occupational injuries in Korea: focusing on vulnerable groups
Suk Won Bae
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The Influence of Social Support and Social Integration Factors on Return to Work Outcomes for Individuals with Work-Related Injuries: A Systematic Review
Codi White, Rebecca A. Green, Samantha Ferguson, Sarah L. Anderson, Caroline Howe, Jing Sun, Nicholas Buys
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation.2019; 29(3): 636. CrossRef
Changes in Income after an Industrial Accident According to Industry and Return-to-Work Status
Suk Won Bae, Sarah Soyeon Oh, Wha Me Park, Jaehoon Roh, Jong-Uk Won
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(14): 2603. CrossRef
Income Changes Due to Disability Ratings and Participation in Economic Activities Caused by Industrial Accidents: A Population-Based Study of Data from the Fourth Panel Study of Workers’ Compensation Insurance (PSWCI)
Suk Won Bae, Sehyun Yun, Ye Seol Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon, Jaehoon Roh, Jong-Uk Won
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(11): 2478. CrossRef
Prediction of Return-to-original-work after an Industrial Accident Using Machine Learning and Comparison of Techniques
Jongin Lee, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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The Effect of Work Characteristics on Dermatologic Symptoms in Hairdressers: Pil Kyun Jung, June-Hee Lee, Ji Hye Baek, Jungho Hwang, Jong-Uk Won, Inah Kim, Jaehoon Roh; Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:13-13. Published online June 9, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-26-13

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Objectives

Hairdressers in Korea perform various tasks and are exposed to health risk factors such as chemical substances or prolonged duration of wet work. The objective of this study is to provide descriptive statistics on the demographics and work characteristics of hairdressers in Korea and to identify work-related risk factors for dermatologic symptoms in hairdressers.

Methods

1,054 hairdressers were selected and analyzed for this study. Independent variables were exposure to chemical substances, the training status of the hairdressers, and the main tasks required of them, and the dependent variable was the incidence of dermatologic symptoms. The relationships between work characteristics and dermatologic symptoms were evaluated by estimating odds ratios using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

Among the 1,054 study subjects, 212 hairdressers (20.1%) complained of dermatologic symptoms, and the symptoms were more prevalent in younger, unmarried or highly educated hairdressers. The main tasks that comprise the majority of the wet work were strictly determined by training status, since 96.5% of staff hairdressers identified washing as their main task, while only 1.5% and 2.0% of master and designer hairdressers, respectively, identified this as their main task. Multiple logistic regressions was performed to estimate odds ratios. While exposure to hairdressing chemicals showed no significant effect on the odds ratio for the incidence of dermatologic symptoms, higher odds ratios of dermatologic symptoms were shown in staff hairdressers (2.70, 95% CI: 1.32 - 5.51) and in hairdressers who perform washing as their main task (2.03, 95% CI: 1.22 - 3.37), after adjusting for general and work characteristics.

Conclusions

This study showed that the training status and main tasks of hairdressers are closely related to each other and that the training status and main tasks of hairdressers are related to the incidence of dermatologic symptoms. This suggests that in the future, regulations on working conditions and health management guidelines for hairdressers should be established.

Citations

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Incidence and prevalence of occupational contact dermatitis in hairdressing apprentices: A 3‐year prospective cohort study
Zrinka Franić, Suzana Ljubojević Hadžavdić, Željka Babić, Jelena Macan
Contact Dermatitis.2023; 89(3): 153. CrossRef
Causes of irritant contact dermatitis after occupational skin exposure: a systematic review
Gitte Jacobsen, Kurt Rasmussen, Anne Bregnhøj, Marléne Isaksson, Thomas L. Diepgen, Ole Carstensen
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2022; 95(1): 35. CrossRef
The Prevalence of Hand Eczema and Its Determinants Among Female Hairdressers: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Mohammad Hajaghazadeh, Abbas Jafari, Shole Jafari, Shirin Hekmatirad, Alireza Didarloo
The Open Public Health Journal.2018; 11(1): 170. CrossRef
Reproductive disorders among cosmetologists and hairdressers: a meta-analysis
Dohyung Kim, Mo-Yeol Kang, Sungyeul Choi, Jaechan Park, Hye-Ji Lee, Eun-A. Kim
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2016; 89(5): 739. CrossRef
Skin health and safety at work in Croatian hairdressing apprentices
Tea Samardžić, Veda Marija Varnai, Marija Bakotić, Željka Babić, Richard Brans, Selma Cvijetić Avdagić, Darinka Štampar Šmaguc, Iva Kovačević, Jelena Macan
Contact Dermatitis.2016; 75(1): 25. CrossRef
Hand eczema among hairdressing apprentices in Denmark following a nationwide prospective intervention programme: 6‐year follow‐up
Sanne S. Steengaard, Anne Bregnhøj, Jeanne D. Johansen
Contact Dermatitis.2016; 75(1): 32. CrossRef
The Effects of Interventional Health Education on the Conditions of Hairdressing Salons and Hairdressers Behaviors
Mohammad Nassaji, Shahin Kamal, Raheb Ghorbani, Mahnaz Moalem, Batool Karimi, Hossein Habibian, Abbas Daraei, Gholamreza Irajian, Masoud Bidokhti, Rahmane Fotohi, Saeed Haghighi, Soheila Ghazavi, Mashallah Kolahdoz, Sakine Sayadjoo, Ali Kermani, Jamile Me
Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health.2015;[Epub] CrossRef

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A case of multiple myeloma in a poultry worker: Pil Kyun Jung, Inah Kim, Inhyo Park, Chinyon Kim, Eun-A Kim, Jaehoon Roh; Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:35. Published online November 1, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0035-y

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Background

Livestock breeders including poultry workers are exposed to various agricultural chemicals including pesticides and/or organic solvents. Multiple myeloma is a rare disease in Korea, and few reports have investigated the influence of occupational exposures on multiple myeloma occurrence.

Case presentation

A 61-year-old male poultry farm worker presented with bone pain and generalized weakness. A bone marrow biopsy was performed, and he was diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The patient had worked in a poultry farm for 16 years and was exposed to various pesticides and organic solvents such as formaldehyde without any proper personal protective equipment. Results of the work reenactment revealed that the concentration of formaldehyde (17.53 ppm) greatly exceeded the time-weighted average (0.5 ppm) and short-term exposure limit (1.0 ppm) suggested in the Korean Industrial Safety and Health Act.

Conclusions

This case report suggests that poultry workers may be exposed to high levels of various hazardous chemicals including pesticides and/or organic solvents. Numerous previous studies have suggested an association between multiple myeloma and exposure to agricultural chemicals; thus, multiple myeloma in this patient might have resulted from the prolonged, high exposure to these chemicals.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40557-014-0035-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Citations

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Occupational risk factors in health of broiler-farm workers: A systematic review
Claudia dos Anjos Magri, Rodrigo Garófallo Garcia, Erlaine Binotto, Nilsa Duarte da Silva Lima, Irenilza de Alencar Nääs, Sarah Sgavioli, Maria Fernanda de Castro Burbarelli
Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health.2021; 76(8): 482. CrossRef
Does formaldehyde have a causal association with nasopharyngeal cancer and leukaemia?
Soon-Chan Kwon, Inah Kim, Jaechul Song, Jungsun Park
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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The association between concealing emotions at work and medical utilization in Korea: Hongdeok Seok, Jin-Ha Yoon, Wanhyung Lee, June-Hee Lee, Pil Kyun Jung, Inah Kim, Jong-Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh; Ann Occup Environ Med 2014;26:31-31. Published online October 1, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0031-2

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Objectives

We aimed to investigate the association between concealing emotions at work and medical utilization.

Methods

Data from the 2007–2009 4th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV) was used, 7,094 participants (3,837 males, 3,257 females) aged between 20 and 54 who were economically active and completed all necessary questionnaire items were included. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for differences in hospitalization, outpatient visits, and pharmaceutical drug use between those who concealed their emotions and those who did not were investigated using logistic regression models with and without gender stratification.

Results

Among those who concealed their emotions (n = 2,763), 47.4% were females, and 50.1% had chronic disease. In addition, 9.7% of the concealing emotions group had been hospitalized within the last year, 24.8% had been outpatients in the last two weeks, and 28.3% had used pharmaceutical drugs in the last two weeks.

All ORs represent the odds of belonging to the concealing emotions group over the non-concealing emotions group. After adjustment for individual, occupational, socioeconomic and disease factors, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) in hospitalization are 1.29 (1.08 ~ 1.53) in the total population, 1.25 (0.98 ~ 1.60) in males and 1.30 (1.02 ~ 1.66) in females, in outpatient visits are 1.15 (1.02 ~ 1.29) in the total population, 1.05 (0.88 ~ 1.24) in males and 1.25 (1.06 ~ 1.47) in females and in pharmaceutical drug use are 1.12 (1.01 ~ 1.25) in the total population, 1.08 (0.92 ~ 1.27) in males and 1.14 (0.98 ~ 1.33) in females.

Conclusions

Those who concealed their emotions at work were more likely to use medical services. Moreover, the health effects of concealing emotions at work might be more detrimental in women than in men.

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Relationship Between Emotional Labor and Perceived Health Status Among Service and Sales Workers
Joonho Ahn, Young Joong Kang, Taeshik Kim, Mo-Yeol Kang
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2021; 63(2): e86. CrossRef
Anxiety, Depression and Sleep Disturbance among Customer-Facing Workers
Dukyun Kang, Jae Won Yang, Won-Jun Choi, Seunghon Ham, Seong-Kyu Kang, Wanhyung Lee
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship of rheumatoid arthritis and coronary artery disease in the Korean population: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Tae Hyub Lee, Gwan Gyu Song, Sung Jae Choi, Hongdeok Seok, Jae Hyun Jung
Advances in Rheumatology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
The association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean wage workers: data from the fourth Korean working conditions survey (a cross-sectional study)
Jae-Gwang Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Sung Won Jung, Sang Woo Kim, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between occupational clusters and allergic rhinitis in the Korean population: analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data
Sungjin Park, Pil Kyun Jung, Myungsup Choi, Hongdeok Seok, Hansol Kim, Sung-Soo Oh, Sang-Baek Koh
Journal of Occupational Health.2018; 60(4): 312. CrossRef
Association between osteoarthritis and mental health in a Korean population: a nationwide study
Jae Hyun Jung, Hongdeok Seok, Jae‐Hoon Kim, Gwan Gyu Song, Sung Jae Choi
International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases.2018; 21(3): 611. CrossRef
Bearing capacity of RC beams reinforced with high strength rebars and steel plate
Taras Bobalo, Yaroslav Blikharskyy, Rostyslav Vashkevich, Myhailo Volynets, G. Vatulia, A. Plugin, O. Darenskyi
MATEC Web of Conferences.2018; 230: 02003. CrossRef
Emotional labor and depressive mood in service and sales workers: Interactions with gender and job autonomy
Kyu-Man Han, Cheolmin Shin, Ho-Kyoung Yoon, Young-Hoon Ko, Yong-Ku Kim, Changsu Han
Psychiatry Research.2018; 267: 490. CrossRef
Suppressing emotion and engaging with complaining customers at work related to experience of depression and anxiety symptoms: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Jin-Ha YOON, Mo-Yeol KANG, Dayee JEUNG, Sei-Jin CHANG
INDUSTRIAL HEALTH.2017; 55(3): 265. CrossRef
The association between subjective socioeconomic status and health inequity in victims of occupational accidents in Korea
Hongdeok Seok, Jin-Ha Yoon, Jaehoon Roh, Jihyun Kim, Yeong-Kwang Kim, Wanhyung Lee, Jeongbae Rhie, Jong-Uk Won
Journal of Occupational Health.2017; 59(1): 38. CrossRef
The Association between Osteoarthritis and Occupational Clusters in the Korean Population: A Nationwide Study
Hongdeok Seok, Sung Jae Choi, Jin-Ha Yoon, Gwan Gyu Song, Jong-Uk Won, Jae-Hoon Kim, Jaehoon Roh, Jae Hyun Jung, Mikko Juhani Lammi
PLOS ONE.2017; 12(1): e0170229. CrossRef
Does High Emotional Demand with Low Job Control Relate to Suicidal Ideation among Service and Sales Workers in Korea?
Jin-Ha Yoon, Dayee Jeung, Sei-Jin Chang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2016; 31(7): 1042. CrossRef
Concealing Emotions at Work Is Associated with Allergic Rhinitis in Korea
Hongdeok Seok, Jin-Ha Yoon, Jong-Uk Won, Wanhyung Lee, June-Hee Lee, Pil Kyun Jung, Jaehoon Roh
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine.2016; 238(1): 25. CrossRef

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Two Cases of Lung Cancer in Foundry Workers: Inchul Jeong, Innshil Ryu, Boowook Kim, Inhyo Park, Jong-Uk Won, Eun-A Kim, Inah Kim, Jaehoon Roh; Ann Occup Environ Med 2013;25:16-16. Published online September 16, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-4374-25-16

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Iron and steel foundry workers are exposed to various toxic and carcinogenic substances including crystalline silica, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and arsenic. Studies have been conducted on lung cancer in iron and steel founding workers and the concentration of crystalline silica in foundries; however, the concentration of crystalline silica and cases of lung cancer in a single foundry has never been reported in Korea. Therefore, the authors report two cases of lung cancer and concentration of crystalline silica by the X-ray diffraction method.
Case presentation
A 55-year-old blasting and grinding worker who worked in a foundry for 33 years was diagnosed with lung cancer. Another 64-year-old forklift driver who worked in foundries for 39 years was also diagnosed with lung cancer. Shot blast operatives were exposed to the highest level of respirable quartz (0.412 mg/m³), and a forklift driver was exposed to 0.223 mg/m³.
Conclusions
The lung cancer of the two workers is very likely due to occupationally related exposure given their occupational history, the level of exposure to crystalline silica, and epidemiologic evidence. Further studies on the concentration of crystalline silica in foundries and techniques to reduce the crystalline silica concentration are required.

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Radiotechnologists and Radiation Exposure from PET and PET/CT Systems: Hoon Hee Park, Jeongbae Rhie, Pilkyun Jung, Jong Doo Lee, Jong Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(1):86-95. Published online March 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.1.86

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
In this study, radiotechnologists who work performing PET and PET/CT methodologies were analyzed in order to find the cause for the differences in radiation exposure as they applied to general characteristics, work characteristics, knowledge, and exposure recognition or conduct.
METHODS
From April 15th, 2010 to May 14th, 2010, we conducted a retrospective analysis on 80 radiotechnologists using data garnered from their individual general characteristics, work characteristics, knowledge, and exposure recognition or conduct. Their average annual radiation exposure dosages were measured using a thermoluminescence dosimeter. A multiple regression analysis was performed as a statistical tool.
RESULTS
Regarding the general PET and PET/CT characteristics, when the work experience was short, the exposure dose was higher. The factors of age, marriage, work experience in nuclear medicine, PET, PET/CT, and sex were found to have statistically significant effects. The knowledge, recognition, and conduct factors for the radiotechnologists were affected by unsecure radiation exposure at the moment of carrying, unsecure radiation exposure at the moment of injection, the application of protection at the moment of injection, and the use of auto distributor. It was found that, the use of an auto distributor, efforts in reducing the radiation exposure, unsecure exposure when with a patient, and the application of protective procedures at the moment of injection affected the overall factor of radiotechnologists radiation exposure dose.
CONCLUSIONS
We believe that if radiotechnologists would reduce their radiation exposure by using auto distributors, make efforts to reduce the chance of exposure, and be conscious of radiation, they would be able to reduce the radiation exposure dose even during unavoidable circumstances.

Citations

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Relating factors to wearing personal radiation protectors among healthcare professionals
Yunjeong Heo, Hosun Chun, Seonghoon Kang, Wonjin Lee, Taewon Jang, Jongtae Park
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
A Comparative Study on the Radiation Awareness of University Students Gender in Chungbuk Area
Jae-Seon Jang, Seong-Hee Hwang
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2015; 28(3): 486. CrossRef

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A Workplace Cardiovascular Health Promotion Program and its Short-term Health Effects: Wooseok Kwak, Jong Uk Won, Jeongbae Rhie, Myoung Suk Lee, Eun Ju Kang, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(1):46-52. Published online March 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.1.46

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and a major source of workers' compensation claims in Korea. Since 2000 the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA), working through local occupational health institutions, has supported cardiovascular disease prevention programs at a number of companies in Korea. The purpose of this study was to assess the short-term effects of this effort.
METHODS
A total of 11,077 workers at risk were enrolled in the workplace cardiovascular disease prevention program and 5,902 workers (53.3%) completed the 1-year course during 2007. The program consisted of a medical checkup and health counseling for the workers by occupational health nurses. The guidelines for this prevention program were adopted from KOSHA Code H-11-2004. To determine the program's effectiveness, the workers' risks for cardiovascular disease were assessed before and one year after completion of the program.
RESULTS
The intervention led to significant reductions in the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures of 4.9 mmHg and 3.1 mmHg, respectively. Mean total cholesterol and BMI were also reduced significantly by 8.4 g/dl and 0.1 kg/m2. The rate of smoking was decreased by 6.0% and the percentage of workers engaging in regular exercise was increased by 23.1%. Of the 3,530 workers with the low risk and above, the overall cardiovascular risk was improved in 1,734 (49.1%) of them.
CONCLUSIONS
The cardiovascular disease prevention program supported by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency reduces cardiovascular diseases risks among workers and may improve the health status of workers in Korea.

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The Effects of Individual Counseling for Bus-drivers to Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Secondary Data Analysis
Hye-Sun Jung, Mi-Jung Eum, Insun Jang
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Mi-Yang Jeon, Youngl-SU Song, Hyung-Tae Jung, Jung-Sok Park, Hye-Young Yoon, Eliza Lee
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The Effects of Hypertension Self-help Program on Hypertension-related Knowledge, Self-efficacy, Self-management Compliance and Physiological Parameters in Workers
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The Korean Journal of Nutrition.2011; 44(4): 292. CrossRef
The Effects of a Worksite On-line Health Education Program on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors and Nutrient Intakes of Male Workers
Ji-Yeon Kang, Sang-Woon Cho, Ji-Young Lee, Sook-Hee Sung, Yoo-Kyoung Park, Yun-Mi Paek, Tae-In Choi
The Korean Journal of Nutrition.2010; 43(1): 57. CrossRef

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Relationship between Job Stress and Turnover of Registered Nurses in a University Hospital: Eun Hee Lee, Sei Jin Chang, Hyun Ok Kim, Jaehoon Roh, Eun Jung Park, Jong Uk Won; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(2):93-104. Published online June 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.2.93

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate the relationship between job stress and the type of turnover of registered nurses in a university hospital.
METHODS
A total of 553 registered nurses who left the hospital between 1994 and 2005 were surveyed, and aninterview record and self-administered questionnaire completed at the time of the turnover were used to assess the relationship. Job stress was categorized into four sub-scales (factor I: insufficient work authority and lack of autonomy, factor II: work overload and time urgency, factor III: interpersonal conflict and communication problems, and factor IV: role strain and ambiguity) using factor analysis. The type of turnover was classified into two categories: voluntary and involuntary. SPSS (version 11.0) was used for the statistical analyses.
RESULTS
The direct cause of the turnover was getting a new job, and the nurses in the voluntary turnover group were younger and less experienced than those in the involuntary turnover group. The discriminant analysis findings indicated that the determinant factors affecting the type of turnover were marital status, factor I (insufficient work authority and lack of autonomy), factor II (work overload and time urgency), educational background, and the intention to get a new job. Meanwhile, the voluntary turnover was associated with marital status (single), insufficient work authority and lack of autonomy, high educational background, the intention to get a new job, and low work overload and time urgency.
CONCLUSIONS
Job stress played a crucial role in the turnover of the registered nurses, and some job stressors such as insufficient work authority and lack of autonomy, work overload and time urgency were more related to the type of turnover. These results confirm the necessity for a management program or job redesign to eliminate or reduce job stressors which lead to turnover such as insufficient work authority, lack of autonomy, work overload and time urgency. Furthermore, greater opportunities need to be provided for developing their careers. Finally, further research is required to elucidate the specific job stressors affecting the turnover of registered nurses.

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Urinary Excretion of Thiodiglycolic Acid According to Sampling Time in Workers Exposed to Vinyl Chloride Monomer: Hyun Soo Kim, Chi Nyon Kim, Jong Uk Won, Bong Suk Cha, Kyung Jong Lee, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2006;18(2):138-145. Published online June 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.2.138

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The study was performed to investigate the changes of urinary thiodiglycolic acid (TDGA) concentration in workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) according to the time of sampling urine.
METHODS
The personal exposure to airborne VCM was assessed and urinary TDGA concentration was sampled in 31 workers employed in a VCM and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) manufacturing factory. Urinary TDGA was sampled three times: before the start of the shift after 3 days off (TDGA1), after the end of the first-day shift (TDGA2) and before starting the following day shift after completing the oneday shift (TDGA3). Urinary TDGA in 30 workers who had not been exposed to airborne VCM was sampled after the end of the shift. A gas chromatography/pulsed flame photometric detector (GC/PFPD) was utilized to analyze TDGA concentration in urine after the urine was methylated with trimethylsilyldiazomethane(2.0M in diethyl ether).
RESULTS
The creatinine level was 0.179+/-0.271 mg/g in the control workers and 0.218+/-0.443 mg/g in the workers before the start of the shift after 3 days off (TDGA1), showing no significant difference (p=0.7035). Urine samples were compared according to sampling time in order to investigate the change of urinary TDGA concentration in the case of continuous exposure to airborne VCM. In VCM-exposed workers, urinary creatinine concentration was 0.434+/-0.623 mg/g in TDGA2 and 0.767+/-1.056 mg/g in TDGA3, which indicated a gradual but significant increase (p=0.024). In terms of the statistical correlation between airborne VCM and urinary TDGA to evaluate exposure dose per day, of the three urinary TDGA concentrations, TDGA3 showed the highest degree of regression (R(2)=0.4215) with 8h-TWA airborne VCM concentration.
CONCLUSION
Based on this result, the excretion half-life of urinary TDGA was assumed to be less than 3 days, because the concentration of urinary TDGA at 3 days after exposure to airborne VCM was decreased to the level of urinary TDGA concentration in the control workers. The concentration of urinary TDGA increased in the case of continuous shift, due to the accumulation of residual metabolites of TDGA. It was considered that TDGA3 can be applied as a useful biological index to evaluate the exposure dose of airborne VCM during one day because TDGA3 showed the highest correlation with the exposure dose of airborne VCM in the previous shift day.

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Assessment of urinary thiodiglycolic acid exposure in school-aged children in the vicinity of a petrochemical complex in central Taiwan
Po-Chin Huang, Li-Hsuan Liu, Ruei-Hao Shie, Chih-Hsin Tsai, Wei-Yen Liang, Chih-Wen Wang, Cheng-Hsien Tsai, Hung-Che Chiang, Chang-Chuan Chan
Environmental Research.2016; 150: 566. CrossRef

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Prevalence of Occupational Asthma in TDI-Exposed Workers: Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Cheol Woo Kim, Yun Chul Hong, Hyung Joon Chun, Chi Nyon Kim, Hyun Soo Kim, Jee Na Lee, Joo Yeon Shin, Dong Hee Koh, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(2):191-199. Published online June 30, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.2.191

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of isocyanate-induced occupational asthma in toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposed workers.
METHODS
We examined 170 workers who had been directly exposed to TDI through a medical questionnaire, physical examination, and pulmonary function test. Based on screening examination, workers with suspected occupational asthma were selected for further evaluation such as methacholine and TDI challenge tests.
RESULTS
Eleven (6.9%) among 170 workers complained of symptoms of occupational asthma, and 7 among these 11 symptomatic workers showed positive responses to the methacholine challenge test (4.1%). One spray painter was confirmed as having the TDI induced occupational asthma following a positive response to TDI challenge test.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of TDI-induced asthma was at 0.58% was lower than that for former studies (2-20%). Improved workplace environment, lower level of TDI exposure compared to the past, and the healthy workers effect may have contributed to this low rate of asthma prevalence in workers with TDI exposure.

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Pain Related Factors in Upper Extremities Among Hospital Workers Using Video Display Terminals: Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Jong Uk Won, Jae Suk Song, Chi Nyon Kim, Hyun Soo Kim, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2003;15(2):140-149. Published online June 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2003.15.2.140

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was designed to quantify symptoms in the upper extremities and to identify the pain related factors among hospital workers using video display terminals.
METHODS
The subject-group consisted of 138 employees working at a hospital using video display terminals. A structured questionnaire was used to estimate the participants' general characteristics, and job contents. Job stress was measured using Karaseks JCQ(Job Content Questionnaire). Pain in the upper extremities was identified according to the NIOSH symptoms survey criteria. Quantification was measured using Kim Chul's method. Pearson's Correlation analysis was used to identify validity in quantification. VAS(visual analog scale) was used to compare with this method. Multiple regression analyses elucidated the relationship between quantified pain and various work factors, such as job stress. Data were analysed with SAS 6.12 program.
RESULTS
First, in quantification using Kim Chul's method, the correlation between modified PRS(pain rating score) and VAS was extremely high by 0.60(P<0.01), indicating the high validity of PRS. Second, the groups of high job demand, high job control, and females were related to an increased pain level.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that the self pain assessment method, PRS, is valuable and useful in analyzing occupational musculoskeletal symptoms. High demand, job control and gender may influence the levels of pain. Prospective studies about musculoskeletal disorder are required.

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The association between long working hours and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean wage workers: data from the fourth Korean working conditions survey (a cross-sectional study)
Jae-Gwang Lee, Guang Hwi Kim, Sung Won Jung, Sang Woo Kim, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
A study on relationships between characteristics of smart usage and symptoms of MSDs
Kyung-In Kim, Seo-Yeon Choi, Dong-Hyun Park
Journal of the Korea Safety Management and Science.2016; 18(1): 119. CrossRef
Change in Musculoskeletal Pain in Patients With Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder After Tailored Rehabilitation Education: A One-Year Follow-Up Survey
Dong Hun Lee, Boram Kang, Seungyoung Choi, Taikon Kim, Seong Ho Jang, Kyu Hoon Lee, Mi Jung Kim, Si-Bog Park, Seung Hoon Han
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2015; 39(5): 726. CrossRef
Related Factors to Musculoskeletal Discomfort Symptoms on Some Middle·High school Teachers
Jae-Yoon Lee, Byeong-Yeon Moon, Youn-Hong Jeong, Hyun-Kyung Woo
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(1): 264. CrossRef
Effect on Turnover Intention in Hotel Employees with Musculoskeletal Pains by Working Environment
Seong-Yeol Kim
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Work-related Musculoskeletal Diseases and Occupational Injuries in Health Care Workers
Jung-Yeon Hong, Jung-Wan Koo
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2010; 53(6): 446. CrossRef
Gender-related Factors Associated with Upper Extremity Function in Workers
Kyoo Sang Kim, Min Gi Kim
Safety and Health at Work.2010; 1(2): 158. CrossRef

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Analysis of Sufficient Conditions in Approving Cere b rovascular and Cardiovascular Disease as Occupational Disease: Jong Uk Won, Kook Whan Ha, Jae Suk Song, Jaehoon Roh, Hyung Ryul Kim, Dae Hee Lee, Kang Hee Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2003;15(1):52-60. Published online March 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2003.15.1.52

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to analyze the factors that affect the decision to approve workers compensation claims for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and to analyze the worker characteristics.
METHODS
Three hundred, sixty-nine cases were collected based on the workers compensation records of three Seoul and Incheon Regional centers of the Labor Welfare Corporation between 1998 and 1999. They contained the general characteristics, injury information and past medical histories. The x2-test and logistic regression were performed to investigate the factors affecting the approvals. Seventy-two survivors were surveyed by telephone for job stress. Job stress was surveyed in three parts: job demands, decision latitude and personal free time.
RESULTS
Of the cases, 167 obtained approval from the Corporation; the others did not. Regardless of approval, 62% of all subjects had more than one of the cerebral and cardiovascular risk factors. Especially, 53.9% of subjects had hypertension. According to the logistic regression, the fatal cases had a higher approval rate (OR=26.4, CI=9.13-76.22). The cases with working condition change (OR=6.5, CI=3.45-12.07), accidents on worksite (OR=4.9, CI=2.39-10.07), female (OR=4.0, CI=1.21-13.3), accidents at night duty (OR=2.9, CI=.156-5.39), cases occurring on duty (OR=.25, CI=1.34-4.72) and cases without past disease history (OR=1.8, CI=1.02-3.36) also had higher approval rates. Telephone survey found that the approval rate increased with decreasing freedom of personal time schedule. However, the logistic regression revealed that job stress didnt affect the approvals.
CONCLUSION
To prevent cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, the most important aspect is to control hypertension which is the most common risk factor among the victims. Moreover, job stress and over working should be considered in the just approval of the workers compensation claims.

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Compensation for Work-Related Cerebrocardiovascular Diseases
Jong-Uk Won, Inah Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2014; 29(Suppl): S12. CrossRef
Long Working Hours and Work-related Cerebro-cardiovascular Disease in Korea
Yun Kyung CHUNG, Young-jun KWON
Industrial Health.2013; 51(5): 552. CrossRef
An Investigation on the Metabolic Syndromes and Health-Related Risk Factors among Male Workers
Sun-Young Choi, Na-Eun Kang, Sung-Hee Kim
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2013; 26(4): 975. CrossRef
A Comparison of the Recognition of Overwork-related Cardiovascular Disease in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan
Jungsun PARK, Yangho KIM, Yawen CHENG, Seichi HORIE
INDUSTRIAL HEALTH.2012; 50(1): 17. CrossRef
Work-related Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases in Korea
Dae-Seong Kim, Seong-Kyu Kang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S105. CrossRef

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The Application of Biological Monitoring and Effects of Ethanol and Phenobarbital on Plasma Protein Adducts Formed in Rats Exposed to Benzidine: Chi Nyon Kim, Se Hoon Lee, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(4):353-363. Published online December 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.4.353

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The effects of ethanol and phenobarbital,which are known to affect metabolism of xenobiotics, on the formation of benzidine-and its metabolites-plasma protein adducts in rats administered benzidine were evaluated.
METHODS
The experimental rats were divided into the control,ethanol and phenobar-bital groups. The experimental groups (ethanol and phenobarbital group)were pretreated with ethanol (1g/kg)or phenobarbital (80mg/kg)24 hours prior to the oral administration of benzidine (0.5mmol/kg). Blood samples were obtained from the vena cava from 5 rats in each group; and at 30 min,3 h,6 h,9 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h,96 h,and 144 h after the administration of benzidine using heparin treated syringes.The plasma protein levels were separated immediately after taking blood samples. The adducts were underwent basic hydrolysis to convert them into aromatic amines. The hydrolyzed benzidine, monoacetylbenzidine, and 4-aminobiphenyl were analyzed by reverse-phased liquid chro-matography with an electrochemical detector. The quantitative amount of the metabolites was expressed by the plasma protein binding index(PBI).
RESULTS
Similar to the hemoglobin adducts,the levels of the plasma protein adducts of the ethanol and phenobarbital groups (benzidine-, monoacetylbenzidine-, and 4-amino-biphenyl-PBI)were higher than those of the control group. These results are attributable to the fact that ethanol and phenobarbital induced to the plasma protein adduct formation. The N-acetylation ratio in the control group was highest at 72 h with 2.34.In the ethanol group,it was highest at 72 h with a ratio of 2.46 and was highest in the phenobarbital group at 72 h with a ratio of 2.43. The N-acetylation ratio of the plasma protein adducts was relatively lower than that of the hemoglobin adducts.The level of the plasma protein adduct increased more rapidly than the hemoglobin adducts in all experimental groups regardless of the pretreatment,and decreased rapidly after reaching the maximum level.
CONCLUSION
The above results indicate that ethanol and phenobarbital increased the level of plasma protein adduct formation. The plasma protein adducts tended to decrease more rapidly than the hemoglobin adducts in the body after benzidine exposure. This results in this study result suggests that the effects of ethanol or phenobarbital need to be considered in the biochemical monitoring,and that the level of the plasma protein adducts be a more proper biomarker than the hemoglobin adducts for assessing the short term exposure to a benzidine and benzidine based dye.

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Effects of transient threshold shift and ambient noise on sensitivity and specificity of first screening of special health examination for noise: Jong Uk Won, Moon Kyoo Bang, Joong Ho Song, Sedn Ah Jeong, Jae Suk Song, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(2):269-276. Published online June 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.2.269

Abstract PDF: OBJECT: This study was performed to increase the sensitivity and specificity for screening the examinee of second hearing test.
METHODS
Study subjects were 219 workers who exposed more than average 80dB. They were taken the hearing test two times, before noise exposure and at 1 hour to 4 hours after worksite noise exposure. To investigate the ambient noise workers who were taken the hearing test in the test room which ambient noise was less than 45dB were classified Group I and the others were classified Group E. To calculate the sensitivity and specificity we made it gold standard whether worker had noise induced hearing loss.
RESULTS
Difference of hearing loss between before and after noise exposure for left and right ear was 11. 4 dB and 11. 7 dB respectively at 500 Hz, 8. 7 dB and 9. 6 dB at 1, 000 Hz, 6. 3 dB and 6. 9 dB at 2, 000 Hz and 6. 9 dB and 7. 4 dB at 4, 000 Hz in Group I. That for left ear and right ear was 5.8 dB and 4.9 dB at 500 Hz respectively, 5.4 dB and 6.4 dB at 1,000 Hz, 6.3 dB and 5.3 dB at 2,000 Hz, and 5.5 dB and 5.8 dB at 4,000 Hz in Group E. The sensitivity was 100 in both Groups and the specificity was increased to 58. 3 and 71. 8 in Group I and Group 3 respectively until 10 dB was deducted from hearing level at 1, 000 Hz and 4, 000 Hz.
CONCLUSION
When the screening hearing test was performed at worksite, we might deduct 10 dB from measured hearing level to increase the specificity without reduction of sensitivity.

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Factors Associated with Psychoneurobehavjral Outcomes in Workers Exposed to Manganese: Kyoo Sang Kim, Yangho Kim, Youngwoo Jin, Euna Kim, Jeong Sun Yang, Kwi Ryun Kwon, Jae Woo Kim, Jaehoon Roh, Young Hahn Moon; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(2):213-228. Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.2.213

Abstract PDF

The risk posed to human health by environmental manganese (Mn) exposure is unknown. The purpose of this study is to establish if subclinical effects related to Mn exposure and examine the factors influencing psychoneurobehaviral outcomes of Mn exposed workers. This study involved 121 male workers of welding, alloy furnace, and manufacturing of welding stick. Study investigations include: a questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, job and exposure history and medical symptoms and conditions, monitoring workplace air for personal exposure to respirable and inhalable manganese, analysis of blood and urine samples. psychoneurobehaviral test(neurobehaviral core test battery (NCTB), signal change on magnetic resonance imaging (MRJ) scans, minimental state and neurological examination). The main results of this study were as follows: 1. Preliminary results showed that, with increasing manganese exposure, neurobehaviral performance was poorer and signal change on MRI scans increased. 2. The results of examination revealed significant relations on psychoneurobehaviral out-comes (neurobehaviral performance, signal change on MRI scans, and neurological features). 3. In multiple regression, age and educational status as demographic variables and exposure level were significantly related to 4neurobehaviral test. Also exposure level and serum Mn concentrations were positively relatel to signal change on MRI scans and neurological features affected by Mn on the brain (signal change). 4. Psychoneurobehaviral outcomes from Mn exposure were related to neurobehaviral performance, signal change on MRJ scans, neurological features and profile of mood states (POMS), and influnced positively with age, alcohol and smoking history, and duration of Mn exposure, negatively with educational status. Serum Mn concentrations in combination with brain MRI scans, and perhaps a battery of neurobehaviral tests, appear to be the best way to monitor excessive exposure to Mn. These results are consistent with our knowledge on Mn action on the brain and are similar to the type of neurobehaviral dysfunction. They suggest that there may be age, educational status, and life style (alcohol and drinking history) differences with chronic environmental exposure. These findings suggest further evaluation, particularly on relationships between Mn exposure, aging, and susceptibility factors.

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A Study on the Total, Particle Size-Selective Mass Concentration of Airborne Manganese, and Blood Manganese Concentration of Welders in a Shipbuilding Yard
Jong Su Park, Pan Gyi Kim, Jee Yeon Jeong
Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(4): 472. CrossRef
Associations between Airborne Manganese and Blood Manganese in the Korean General Population according to KNHANES 2008-2009
Kyung Sick Jung, Jong Dae Lee, Yong Bae Kim
Journal of Environmental Science International.2013; 22(12): 1589. CrossRef
Neurobehavioral Deficits and Parkinsonism in Occupations with Manganese Exposure: A Review of Methodological Issues in the Epidemiological Literature
Robert M. Park
Safety and Health at Work.2013; 4(3): 123. CrossRef
Olfactory functions at the intersection between environmental exposure to manganese and Parkinsonism
Silvia Zoni, Giulia Bonetti, Roberto Lucchini
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology.2012; 26(2-3): 179. CrossRef
Occupational Neurological Disorders in Korea
Eun-A Kim, Seong-Kyu Kang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S26. CrossRef
Exposure-Response Relationship and Risk Assessment for Cognitive Deficits in Early Welding-Induced Manganism
Robert M. Park, Rosemarie M. Bowler, Harry A. Roels
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2009; 51(10): 1125. CrossRef
State-of-the-Science Review: Does Manganese Exposure During Welding Pose a Neurological Risk?
Annette B. Santamaria, Colleen A. Cushing, James M. Antonini, Brent L. Finley, Fionna S. Mowat
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B.2007; 10(6): 417. CrossRef
Issues in neurological risk assessment for occupational exposures: The Bay Bridge welders
Robert M. Park, Rosemarie M. Bowler, Donald E. Eggerth, Emily Diamond, Katie J. Spencer, Donald Smith, Roberto Gwiazda
NeuroToxicology.2006; 27(3): 373. CrossRef
Potential occupational risks for neurodegenerative diseases
Robert M. Park, Paul A. Schulte, Joseph D. Bowman, James T. Walker, Stephen C. Bondy, Michael G. Yost, Jennifer A. Touchstone, Mustafa Dosemeci
American Journal of Industrial Medicine.2005; 48(1): 63. CrossRef

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Factors Associated with Patients' Willingness of Return-to-Work in Industrial Accident Hospitals: Duck Ki Go, Song Hee Yoo, Jaesuk Song, Jong Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(3):379-387. Published online August 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.3.379

Abstract PDF

The purpose of this study is to identify the various factors associated with the patients' return-to-work. For conducting the study, 511 samples are selected from nine industrial accident hospitals. Questionnaire are patient's general characteristics. injury characteristics and job characteristics. These results can be summarized as follows. When industrial accident patients get older, have family members to be supported, are hospitalized for less than six months, have accidents caused by their mistakes, have worked in the construction and manufacturing industry, have worked a company with more than 300 workers, and have worked for six months~ two years or over two years, they tend to express stronger willingness of return-to-work. In face with the current drastic increase of economic loss from industrial accidents, it is required to be dealt with these factors in planning and managing the health care of industrial accident patients.

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Impacts of Return-to-Work Type and Period on Job Retention in Workers with Occupational Injuries and Diseases
Inchul Jeong, Jae Bum Park, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Jin-Ha Yoon, Jong-Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Evaluation of Dermal Measurement for Workers in Benzidine Dihydrochloride and Benzidine Based Dye Manufacturing Factory: Hye Kyeong Yeom, Jae Suk Song, Chi Nyon Kim, Jong Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(1):83-94. Published online February 28, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.1.83

Abstract PDF

This study is performed to evaluate usefulness of dermal measurement of benzidine and benzidine based dye as one of the occupational exposure assessment method for these compounds. We selected one benzidine manufacturing factory and one dye manufacturing factory in Incheon area. Eleven workers were for benzidine manufacturing factory and twenty four for dye. We analyzed relationships among air level, amount on skin and concentration of urinary metabolites for these compounds. Airborne levels of benzidine and dye were measured by NIOSH 5509, 5013 methods. Amount of these compounds on skin was measured with skin wipe method. Concentration of benzidine metabolites in urine was measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography after alkaline hydrolysis. The amount of benzidine on hand skin was 25.05( - 233.2) ng/ur, and the amount of the neck was 2.01 ( - 11.9) ng/cm2 in the benzidine dihydrochloride manufacturing factory. The amount of benzidine on hand and neck skin has positive correlation with concentration of urinary monoacetyl benzidine (r=0.644, p < 0.05) . The amount of benzidine based dye on hand skin was 55.75( - 457.7) ng/cm2, and the amount of the neck skin was 18( - 284.7) ng/cm in benzidine based dye manufacturing factory The amount of dye on hand and neck skin has positive correlation with concentration of urinary benzidine for dye workers (r=0.467, p < 0.05). When assessing the exposure of workers who deal with benzidine, the amount of benzidine on skin should be measured for an accurate exposure assessment.

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A work-relatedness assessment in epidemiological case investigation of occupational cancers: II. Practice: an upper urinary tract cancer in a dyer
Kihun Kim, Hyeoncheol Oh, Jungwon Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Pneumoconiosis with Workers of Manufacturing Industry in Incheon: Yeon Soon Ahn, Kyoo Sang Kim, Ho Keun Chung, Il Soon Whang, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(4):589-603. Published online December 31, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.4.589

Abstract PDF

Most of pneumoconiosis found in Korea can be categorized in coal worker's pneumoconiosis. However, in recent years, pneumoconiosis has been frequently found in the workers of manufacturing factories. Accordingly, this study was carried out to investigate relationship of dust exposure history and development and progress of pneumoconiosis. Chest radiographs, history of dust exposure, and other data of 144 workers, who were diagnosed as suspecter pneumoconiosis (0/l) or pneumoconiosis in special health examination center in Incheon from 1986 to 1996, were reviewed. The results were as follows ; 1. According to the type of main exposure, most common type of exposure was foundry dust(93workers, 64.6%), followed by welding fume(16workers, 11.1%), talc dust, lime dust and etc. 2. Among 144 workers, the history of dust exposure was investigated in 86 workers. Mean ages of 86 workers at the present study, initial exposure to the dusts, and at the time of initial diagnosis as having pneumoconiosis were 52.1, 29.1 and 46.5 years, respectively. The mean duration of exposure was 17.3 years. 3. Comparing the type of main exposure with dust exposure history, initially exposed age of welders, foundry workers, workers exposed to coal dust and other dusts were 24.6, 30.7, 28.0 and 28.5 years, respectively. Ages at the time of diagnosis as having pneumoconiosis of welders, foundry workers, coal dust and other dusts were 41.3, 49.3, 46.4 and 44.1 years, respectively. The duration of exposure to main dust of welders, foundry workers, workers exposed to coal dust and other dusts were 16.8, 18.2, 13.3 and 11.6 years, respectively. Therefore initially exposed age was significant difference between the welders and the foundry workers (p<.05). Age which was diagnosed pneumoconiosis was significant difference between the welders, workers exposed to other dusts and the foundry workers (p<.01). And exposure duration of main dust was significant difference between the workers exposed to other dusts and foundry workers (p<.01) 4. Initially diagnosed X-ray category of the workers were category 0/l (76workers, 52.8%), 1/0 (35workers, 24.3%) Therefore, workers' pneumoconiosis of manufacturing factories was mild, relatively. And there was no significant difference between initially diagnosed X-ray category of the workers and dust exposure history. 5. Among 97 workers, who could follow up more than 1 year, 60 workers(61.9%) were not changed, 24 workers (24.7%) were progressed, 13 workers (13.4%) were improved in their initially diagnosed X-ray category. Among 11 welders, initially diagnosed X-ray category of 5 welders(45.5%) were improved and of only 1 welder was progressed. But, among 19 workers exposed to other dusts, 10 (52.6%) workers were progressed and none of them were improved. 6. Among 53 workers, who were Initially diagnosed X-ray category was 0/l, 12 workers (22.6%) were progressed and 5 workers (9.4%) were improved in their initially diagnosed X-ray category. And among 40 workers, who were initially diagnosed X-ray category was 1, 12 workers(30.0%) were progressed and 7 workers(17.5%) were improved. Above results suggest that not a few workers of manufacturing factories have pneumoconiosis and their pneumoconiosis is progressed. Therefore, we have to prepare management plan and to study epidemiologic findings of pneumoconiosis with workers of manufacturing factories.

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Cause-Specific Mortality Due to Malignant and Non-Malignant Disease in Korean Foundry Workers
Jin-Ha Yoon, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Suminori Akiba
PLoS ONE.2014; 9(2): e88264. CrossRef
Occupational Diseases in Korea
Seong-Kyu Kang, Eun A Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S4. CrossRef

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In Vitro Study of Skin Penetration of Benzidine Using Excised Rat Skin: Ji Hyun Lee, Hye Kyeong Yeom, Chy Nyon Kim, Jae Seok Song, Jong Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(3):430-438. Published online October 31, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.3.430

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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The Metabolism of Benzidine-based Dye Direct Black 38 in the Isolated Perfused Rat Liver: Jong Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh, Chunsung Kim, Younjung Park, Chi Nyun Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(1):59-65. Published online February 29, 1996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.1.59

Abstract PDF

Direct Black 38, a kind of benzidine-based azo dye, is widely used as a dye for fabric, leather, cotton, cellulosic material, paper, wool, silk, and so on. Benzidine-based azo dyes are proven as a mutagen and linked to bladder cancer. In 1978, Natonal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommended that three widely used benzidine-based dyes (Direct Black 38, Direct Blue 6, and Direct Brown 95) should be treated as carcinogens. In this experiment, metabolism of the benzidine-based dye. Direct Black 38 was examined by using an isolated liver perfusion system. To measure the metbolites of Direct Black 38,/ 8.0 micrometer, 30.5 micrometer and 63,3 micrometer of Direct Black 38 was added into the recirculating perfusate of the isolated perfused rat liver. Samples were collected at 0, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90. 120 minute. They were treated with sep-pak and methanol, and the metabohtes were detected and quantified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Residual non-reactive dye in the perfusate and liver was reduced to benzidine and then analyzed by HPLC. Detected metabolites of ?Direct^-Black 38 were benzidine, N-acetylbenzidine, and N,N'-diacetylbenzidine. The average conentration of benzidine was 0.1 micrometer and this concentration was maintained throughout the experimental period. The average concentration of N-acetylbenzidine was 0.22 micrometer and took the same pattern of benzidine. When 30.5 micrometer of Direct BIact 38 was added to the perfusate, only. N,N'-diacetylbenzidin.e increased slightly with time. From the above results we suggest that only small amount of Dirst Black 38 might be metabolized to benzidine regardless of the s, amount of the Direct Black 38. There are some possible explanations. The liver was damaged during the perparation. And the function of the perfused liver decreased rapidly because adsorbing of dye. The benzidine, acetylbenzidine and diacetylbenzidine metabolized to other metabolites were not detected in this experiment.

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Occupational Cancers with Chemical Exposure and their Prevention in Korea: A Literature Review
Kyung-Taek Rim
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2013; 14(6): 3379. CrossRef

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Perception, Attitude and Praetical Behavioral Change of Industrial Health Care Manager toward Group Health Care System: Kyoo Sang Kim, Jaehoon Roh, Yeon Soon Ahn; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(2):411-420. Published online September 30, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.2.411

Abstract PDF

To evaluate the change of perception, attitude and practice toward Group Health Care Systerl for small and medium industries, a survey using self-administered questionnaire was conducted to a part of industries in Inchon area, in year 1992 and 1993. major dependent variables were perception, attitude, and practical behavioral change related with Croup Health Care System ; these variables were measured by 3-point Likert like scale. 47 industries were used in analysis. Psrception of year 1993 was higher (1.25) than that (1 34) of 1992. Attitude of yeal. 1993 was also slightly higher (1.46) than that (1.43) of 1992. Both data indicated positive attitude. Practice of year 1993 was slightly lewer (0.86) tHan that (0.90) of 1992, but its change didn't have any statistical significance. In year 1992, major determinants of perception, attitude and behaviral change were sex and age of industrial health care manager ; they had positive efffct upon perception and practice. In yeal. 1993, it was sex of health care manager; it had influenced upon practice. Both year 1992 and 1993, perception was higher and attitude was more positive. In the case of higher perception or positive attitude, practice was active accordingly. To accelerate the behavioral change of health care manager, it is necessary to eaucate them continuously.

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Practice status of specialized agencies for occupational health management of small- to medium-size enterprises and the factors improving their performance: a cross-sectional survey study
Saerom Lee, Jun-Pyo Myong, Eun-A Kim, Huisu Eom, Bowha Choi, Young Joong Kang
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

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A Post-examination Health Care Status of Workers with Pneumoconiosis in Manufacturing Factories: Sung Goon Kim, Jaehoon Roh, Yeon Seon Ahn; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(2):421-428. Published online September 30, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.2.421

Abstract PDF: Most of the pneumoconiosis, which is common occupational diseases, is found here in Korea can be Gategorized to coal miner's pneumoconiosis. However, recently pneumoconiosis has been found in tHe workers of manufacturing factories, Periodic Health examination is important not only detection of occupationsl disease but also post-examination Health care of occupational disease patient. Accordingly, to study post-examination Health GaTe statHs of workers with pneumoconiosis diagnosed from 1991 to 1993 in the perioaic Health examination, all 43 pneumoconiosis patients in 22 manufacturing factories in Incheon were reviewed. Chest radiologic findings of 43 workers were suspected pneumoconiosis (20 workers, 46.5%) , pneumoconiosis stage 1(20 workers, 45.5%) and pneumoconiosis stage II (3 workers, 7.0%) . Among the 1.espondents, 40 workers (93.0%) answered that they received their health examination results and 24 werkers (55.8%) Had reguest for compensation of occupationsl disease. Only 14 workers(32.6%) Had changed their workplace while 21 workers (48.8%) did not. Reasons for not taking the post-examination health care enough were worker's ignorance of adminstrative process for Compensation (28 workers,65.1%) , mild status of dlsease (6 workers, 14.0%) and financial problem (3 workers, 7.0%) . Post~examination health care of the workers diagnosed as pneumoconiosis had significant correlation with the presence of health care manager in workplace and the employer concerns for occupational disease of workers. The improvement of working environment is related witH the presence of labor union in workplace. These results suggested that the presence of health care manager in the workplace and concerns for workers health by employer were important in performing appropriate post-examination health care for workers with pneumoconiosis in manufacturing factories.

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The development of industrial health information management system: Sung Hyun Han, Young Moon Chae, Young Hahn Moon, Jaehoon Roh, Kyung Jong Lee, Myung Wha Cho, Hae Young Min; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1992;4(2):181-189. Published online October 31, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1992.4.2.181

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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A study on the urinary metabolites of carbon difulfide in rats: Chi Nyon Kim, Yong Bong Cho, Young Hahn Moon, Jaehoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1992;4(2):133-143. Published online October 31, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1992.4.2.133

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No abstract available.

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Acid-Labile Bound Carbon Disulfide in Whole Blood of Rats as a Biological Indicator for Carbon Disulfide Exposure
Jaehoon Roh, Myunghwa Cho, Chynyon Kim, Kyungjong Lee, Jonguk Won
Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.1998; 13(4): 252. CrossRef

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Health hazard of workers potentially exposed to trichloroethylene in the Inchon area: Young Hahn Moon, Jaehoon Roh, Kyung Jong Lee, Chang Iei Song; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1992;4(1):14-19. Published online February 29, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1992.4.1.14

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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Analysis of Medical Charges in Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance System: Young Hahn Moon, Bong Suk Cha, Jaehoon Roh, Myung Keun Lee, Kyung Jong Lee, Se Jin Chang; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1990;2(2):153-165. Published online August 31, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1990.2.2.153

Abstract PDF: A recent increase in hospital cost in Industrial Accident Compensation System has caused an issue. Especially the many problems in assessing and paying hospital cost have made necessary improvement measures on this. For this purpose the study analyzed 179,442 medical bills for industrial accident patients during 1986~1988. And various annual statistic data, references and documentations are also reviewed. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average days for medical treatment per injury decreased depending upon hospital grade in the order of clinic, hospital, and general hospital, and the average hospital charges per injury decreased in the order of general hospital, hospital and clinic. 2. The inpatients' leading injury was traumatic amputation of fingers, and the open wound of fingers came to leading injury among the outpatients. The proportions of 10 leading injuries among inpatients and outpatients were 42.7% and 49.2% respectively. 3. As a consequence of the analysis of average medical charges, fractures of neck of femur in inpatients, and intervertebral disc disorders in outpatients were obtained as the most prevalent injuries. The coal workers' pneumoconiosis and injury to nerve roots and spinal plexus were most prominent injuries with repect to the days for medical treatment. 4. According to annual days for medical treatment, fracture of tibia and fibula was the most prevalent in inpatients, and sprains and strains of back was the most prevalent in outpatient. Traumatic amputation of fingers and other 10 leading injuries has a 42.6% share of total inpatients' hospital charges, and fracture of phalanges of hand and other 10 leading injuries possessed 53.4% of total outpatients' hospital charges. 5. Multiple regression analysis revealed that length of hospital stay, number of revealed that length of hospital stay, number of radiologic examinations, duration of operation, age, and others were the major determinants of total hospital charges. A comparision with medical insurance and car insurance for hospital charges and days for treatment showed 2-4 times higher than medical insurance, but showed 0.4~1.0 times lower than medical insurance and car insurance for daily treatment charges.

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Health Hazards of Plating Workers: Jung Gyun Park, Jaehoon Roh, Kyung Jong Lee, Young Hahn Moon; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1989;1(2):218-227. Published online November 30, 1989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1989.1.2.218

Abstract PDF

Chromic acid has widely been used for decorative chromium plating, hard chromium plating, and surface treatment of raw materials. However, its strong oxidizing action has been found to cause corrosion of mucous membranes and skin, such as the nasal septum, conjunctiva, face, and hand skin. Excessive exposure to chmmic acid has frequently caused ulceration and perforation of a nasal septum. These ulcerations are painless and confined to the cartilaginous portion at the lower anterior part of the septum known as Kisselbach's or Little's area. This study was undertaken to investigate the general characteristics, actual conditions of the working environment and the prevalence rate of nasal septal perforation due to inhalation of chromic acid mist in workers employed at plating industries. This study was conducted on 627 workers who were exposed to chromic acid from July to November 1988. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The mean age of workers with septal perforation was 26 years and the mean working duration was 84 months. 2. The prevalence rates of nasal septal perforation and ulceration of mucosa of the plating workers were 31.7% and 10.5% respectively. 3. The significant variables related with occurrence of nasal septal perforation were age of workers, working duration, kinds of plating, efficiency of local ventilation and performance of health examinations. From the above results, occurrences of nasal septal perforation in plating workers were affected by the duration of chromium exposed work and state of the working environment. Prevention of occupationsl diseases fri plating workers will be accomplished by implementation of an industrial health care system which includes thorough health checkups for workers and regular environmental monitoring.

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Occupational Diseases in Korea
Seong-Kyu Kang, Eun A Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S4. CrossRef

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A Study on the Industrial Accident of Steel Workers: Young Hahn Moon, Jaehoon Roh, Dongchun Shin, Myung Sun Lee, Soo Nam Cho; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1989;1(1):61-68. Published online February 28, 1989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1989.1.1.61

Abstract PDF: To investigate the relationship between physical health of workers and industrial accidents, a case-control study was carried out using matched samples of 87 injured steel industry workers and 87 non-injured steel industry workers. One group of people who experienced industrial accidents more than two times were case, and the other group of people who matched the type of work and duration of employment were control. We surveyed questionnaire between July 20, 1988 and July 22, 1988. The results were as follows: 1. The average age of injured workers was 39 years, and non-injured workers was 38 years. Duration of employment of injured workers was 8.4 years and non-injured workers was 8 years. 2. Visual acuity under 1.0 were 24.4 percent in injured workers and 19.5 percent in non-injured workers. Hearing threshold over 40 dB were 77.1 percent in injured workers and 60.9 percent in non-injured workers. 3. As for the Fugamachi classification method, 22.9 percent of injured workers and 20.8 percent of non-injured workers were group III(suspected neurotics). 4. As for the item of CMI(Cornell Medical Index), injured workers were higher rates than non-injured workers in the item of C(cardiovascular system), M(inadequency), O(anxiety), P(sensitivity), Q(anger), and R(tension). 5. Especially, injured workers who had more than three times were higher in the item of C(cardiovascular system), M(inadequency), N(depression), P(sensitivity), Q(anger), R(tension) than non-injured workers.

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