Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Dong Hoon Shin

16 Articles

Occupational Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Public Workers: Sei Kyun Noh, Ju Hwan Choi, Dong Hoon Shin, Mi Young Lee, In Sung Chung; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(4):410-419. Published online December 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.4.410

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to examine the occupational risk factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in public workers.
METHODS
In November 2010, 544 participants anwered a survey that included questions on the participants' general characteristics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, and psychosocial stress. We measured the relationship of risk factors to musculoskeletal symptoms using a logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
After adjusting for general characteristics, factors associated with occupational musculoskeletal symptoms were gender (OR=2.858, 95% CI=1.701~4.801), unnatural posture (OR=2.386, 95% CI=1.308~4.354), psychosocial stress (OR=4.051, 95% CI=1.336~12.282) and sleep quality (OR=1.672, 95% CI=1.052~2.660).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that psychosocial stress levels and physical environment (especially in professions requiring an unnatural posture) are related to musculoskeletal symptoms in public workers.

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The Relationship between the Korean Occupational Stress Scale and Pulse Wave Velocity among Male Firefighters: Hyun Jun Jeon, Sang Jun Park, Dong Hoon Shin, In Sung Chung, Mi Young Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(4):450-462. Published online December 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.4.450

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between job stress and the pulse wave velocity as an indicator of vessel stiffness among male firefighters in a metropolitan city.
METHODS
In November and December 2008, a total of 404 participants were analyzed. The questionnaire survey included the participants' general characteristics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, and job stress. Job stress was measured using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS). We merged the job stress data with clinical laboratory data and brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) by conducting medical surveillance. We measured the relationship of job stress to baPWV by using a logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, the baPWV was significantly higher in the groups possessing high levels of job insecurity (OR=2.17, 95% CI=1.06~4.42).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that the level of job stress, especially in regards to job insecurity, was directly related to the baPWV. Therefore, further preventive efforts and studies in regards to firefighters are needed in order to reduce job stress and thereby help to prevent cardiovascular disease.

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Firefighters’ occupational stress and its correlations with cardiorespiratory fitness, arterial stiffness, heart rate variability, and sleep quality
Young-Sook Yook, Kiyoshi Sanada
PLOS ONE.2019; 14(12): e0226739. CrossRef

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Association between Work Departments and Carotid Intima-media Thickness in a Metal Manufacturing Plant: Sook Jung Choi, Sei Kyun Noh, Dong Hoon Shin, In Sung Chung, Hyun Sook Bae, Mi Young Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(4):345-355. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.4.345

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship of work departments, carotid IMT, and plaque formation as predictors of cardiovascular disease in white-collar and blue-collar workers.
METHOD
A total of 201 workers from a metal agricultural equipment manufacturing plant near Daegu were administered questionnaires to obtain information on their general characteristics, their work-related factors. In addition, the workers were given a clinical examination, which included a carotid artery ultrasonography. In total, 193 (96.0%) of questionnaires were completed and analyzed for this study. Multiple regression analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed on the data for analysis.
RESULT
Blue-collar workers had thicker carotid artery IMT when compared to white-collar workers. After adjustment, the carotid IMT was affected by age, working department, hypertension, and diabetes; plaque formation was affected by age, hypertension, total cholesterol, and excessive drinking.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that carotid IMT is associated with working department. Therefore, we need to examine the effect that occupational health services has on cardiovascular disease, focusing on the characteristics of each department.

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Cardiovascular Disease According to Job Type and Life Style
Wan-Young Yoon
Journal of Digital Convergence.2016; 14(2): 501. CrossRef

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Association between Job Stress and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory in Firefighters: Dong Hyul Lee, Hyun Jun Jeon, Dong Hoon Shin, In Sung Chung, Mi Young Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(4):324-336. Published online December 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.4.324

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of job stress and scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) clinical scales in firefighters.
METHOD
A total of 648 firefighters from Daegu Metropolitan City were given 2 sets of questionnaires, the Korean Occupational Stress Scales (KOSS) and the MMPI. The results of 428 qualifying questionnaires were analyzed using ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression.
RESULTS
The study demonstrated that job stress differed by age, department, amount of exercise, and duty period. MMPI clinical scales differed by age, smoking, and amount of exercise. Job stress correlated with MMPI clinical scales and in particular with 2 MMPI clinical scales, -Depression and Social introversion-. In addition, job stress subscales were related. On multiple regression analysis, some MMPI clinical scales were affected by job stress subscales.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that job stress is associated with psychogenic factors in firefighters. The effective management for job stress might be helpful for the overall mental health of firefighters. Further study is required to determine which psychogenic factors are related to job stress.

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Do police officers and firefighters have a higher risk of disease than other public officers? A 13-year nationwide cohort study in South Korea
Minkyung Han, Sohee Park, Jong Heon Park, Seung-sik Hwang, Inah Kim
BMJ Open.2018; 8(1): e019987. CrossRef
Particularities of occupational health and safety management in the police environment
Adrian-Constantin Achim
Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence.2018; 12(1): 1. CrossRef
Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory as related factor for post traumatic stress disorder symptoms according to job stress level in experienced firefighters: 5–year study
In-Sung Chung, Mi-Young Lee, Sung-Won Jung, Chang-Wook Nam
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship between Occupational Stress and Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Korean Male Firefighters
Min Gi Kim, Kyoo-Sang Kim, Jae-Hong Ryoo, Seung-Won Yoo
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2013;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of Job Stress and State of Sleep on the Depression of Emergency Medical Technicians
Chun Yee Lee, Eun Kyung Byun, Nam Hee Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(3): 191. CrossRef
Duty-Dependent Changes in Stress Hormones of Firefighters
Kyoo-Sang Kim, Seung-Won Yoo, Yong-Lim Won, Mi-Young Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 38(3): 195. CrossRef
Health Hazards in Firefighters
Kyoo Sang Kim
Hanyang Medical Reviews.2010; 30(4): 296. CrossRef

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Induction of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression by Manganese in C6 Glioma Cells: Gyeong Im Yu, Dong Hyul Lee, In Sung Chung, Mi Young Lee, Dong Hoon Shin; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(3):259-266. Published online September 30, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.3.259

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVE: It is well established that manganese neurotoxicity is associated with clinical symptoms similar to those of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Recent research has shown that the exposure to manganese (MnCl2) leads to induction of iNOS in BV2 microglial cells via iNOS transcriptional up-regulation and activation of both MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Here, we further investigated the effect and the action mechanism of MnCl2 on iNOS expression in C6 glioma cells.
METHODS
Western blot analyses demonstrated that treatment with MnCl2 at 250 micronmeter was sufficient to induce iNOS at both the protein and mRNA levels in C6 cells.
RESULTS
These studies demonstrated that the induction of iNOS protein and mRNA was visible after 4h- and 2 h-treatment with MnCl2, respectively. MnCl2 treatment led to strong phosphorylation of JNKs and ERKs, members of MAP kinases (MAPKs), and Akt, a PI3-kinase (PI3K) downstream effector, in C6 cells. MnCl2 treatment had no effect on I kappa B-alpha in C6 cells. Notably, pretreatment with LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor), which inhibited phosphorylation of Akt by MnCl2, caused strong suppression of MnCl2- induced iNOS protein and mRNA expression in C6 cells. Moreover, pretreatment with SP600125 (an inhibitor of JNKs) and PD98050 (an inhibitor of ERKs), which respectively interfered with MnCl2-mediated phosphorylation of JNKs and ERKs, led to the partial suppression of MnCl2-induced iNOS protein. Interestingly, pretreatment with LY294002 inhibited phosphorylation of not only Akt, but also ERKs and JNKs, in response to MnCl2. Moreover, there was an effective suppression of MnCl2-mediated phosphorylation of AKT by SP600125.
CONCLUSION
These results collectively suggest that MnCl2 induces iNOS expression in C6 glioma cells via activation of PI3K/Akt and JNK-ERK MAPK signaling proteins, whose activations seem to be mutually interconnected in response to MnCl2.

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Job Stressors in Subway Workers and Firemen: Seok Hwan Yoon, Sook Jung Choi, Dong Hoon Shin, In Sung Chung, Jung Sook Ha; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(3):179-186. Published online September 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.3.179

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
To determine the job stress factors of subway workers and firemen and to develope appropriate stress management systems for the works places.
METHODS
The study subjects comprised 1,826 male subway workers and 538 male firemen residing in Daegu metropolitan city. The Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) questionnaire was used.
RESULTS
The median values of the study subjects were lower than the reference values. The categories of physical environment and insufficient job control were more stressful to firemen while the organization system category was stressful to both subway workers and firemen (p<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the stress factor of the interpersonal conflict category. Among the firemen, the physical environment category was more stressful to field work department workers than to desk workers (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The study results suggested that interpersonal conflict and organization system categories are stressful to male subway workers and firemen. Especially, effective control of firemen's physical environment stress factor is needed.

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Nationwide firefighter survey: the prevalence of lower back pain and its related psychological factors among Korean firefighters
Min Gi Kim, Ju-il Seo, KyooSang Kim, Yeon-Soon Ahn
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics.2017; 23(4): 447. CrossRef
Factors associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers in Korea
Junsu Byun, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim, Hye-Eun Lee, Se-Eun Kim, Jongin Lee
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Knowledge, Awareness and Health Risk Concerns on Occupational Exposure to Radiation among Firefighters in Korea
Hyeongyeong Lee, Hyeongwan Yoon, Jeongim Park
Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(4): 516. CrossRef
Job Stress, Coping Type, and Job Satisfaction in Firefighters
Hyun Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 323. CrossRef
A Review on the Job Stress Measurements in Nuclear Power Plant Workers for Human Error Prevention
Seon Soo Kim, Meiling Luo, Yeon Ju Oh, Yong Hee Lee
Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea.2013; 32(1): 47. CrossRef
Duty-Dependent Changes in Stress Hormones of Firefighters
Kyoo-Sang Kim, Seung-Won Yoo, Yong-Lim Won, Mi-Young Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 38(3): 195. CrossRef
Job Stress Level and It's Related Factors in Firefighters
Mi-Suk Choi, Dong-Ha Ji, Jin-Woo Kim
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(10): 4917. CrossRef
Effects of Perception of Job Stress and Stress Coping Style on Mental Health of Firefighters
Ho Jin Lee, Hee Sook Kim, Sang Yeon Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 315. CrossRef
Impact on Job Satisfaction to Job Stress of Physician Assistant Nurses
Soon-Young Yun, Dong-Choon Uhm
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2011; 12(11): 4914. CrossRef
Health Hazards in Firefighters
Kyoo Sang Kim
Hanyang Medical Reviews.2010; 30(4): 296. CrossRef
Relationship between Stress and Job Satisfaction of Fire-fighters
Sang-Il Ryu, Jong-Mook Cho
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2009; 9(12): 270. CrossRef
Occupational Health and Fitness for Work of Firefighters
Inah Kim, Jaechul Sung
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2008; 51(12): 1078. CrossRef

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A Case of Argyria from Silver in Cellular Phone Case Manufacture: Ki Hong Tak, Seok Hwan Yoon, Mi Young Lee, Dong Hoon Shin, In Sung Chung; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2006;18(4):339-344. Published online December 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.4.339

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Skin contact with, and the breathing in of air containing silver compounds can occur in the workplace. Occupational exposure to silver and its compounds is mainly via airborne dust, metal fumes, and mists of solutions containing silver compounds. Argyria results from increased serum silver levels and the deposition of silver-containing particles in the dermis and mucous membranes. The author reports a patient with generalized argyria, who worked on the manufacture of cellular phone cases.
CASE
REPORT: The patient was a 30 year-old male, with extensive blue-gray discoloration of the whole body, especially sun-exposed area, of 3 years duration. He had been exposed to silver in the processing of EMI for the past 4 years and gaskets for 1 year. EMI is the process by which the internal electromagnetic wave in cellular phone cases are shielded, and gaskets play an important role in shielding the electric clashes between electronic circuits, as well as increasing the durability of cellular phone cases to impact. EMI had been processed manually but this was changed to automatic spraying by robots in 2003. On physical examination, the patient had diffuse blue-gray discoloration of the skin, which was most prominent in the sun-exposed areas of his face, neck and V of the chest. Histopathological examination of a punch biopsy specimen from the posterior neck revealed fine, minute, round, and brown-black granules deposited in the basement membrane zone surrounding the eccrine glands. The laboratory findings were positive for hepatitis B antigen, with a serum silver concentration of 150.3 ppb. From this evidence, he was diagnosed with argyria due to silver exposure.
DISCUSSION
The author reports a case of occupational systemic argyria due to inhalation exposure of silver compounds.

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Effect of Developmental Lead Exposure on the Expression of Hippocampal NMDA Receptor Subunit mRNA: Tae Wan Kim, In Sung Chung, Jae Hoon Bae, Dong Hoon Shin, Mi Young Lee, Joon Sik Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(4):278-287. Published online December 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.4.278

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the present study was to examine the differential effects of lead (Pb) exposure on the expression of specific NMDA receptor subunit mRNAs on the hippocampal cells depending on the neuronal developmental stage.
METHODS
Expression of the NR2A and NR2B subunits of the NMDA receptors mRNA on the hippocampal neurons was measured by in situ hybridization in the control and Pb treated groups. Pb-treated and NMDA cytotoxicity was assessed by morphological examination and LDH measurements.
RESULTS
Hippocampal NR2A subunit mRNA expression was gradually increased with increasing age, and was significantly decreased after Pb exposure. The expression of NR2B subunit mRNA was not changed during development in the rat hippocampus and the developmental effect of Pb exposure on NR2B expression was minimal. These results indicate that chronic Pb exposure may decrease the levels of NR2A-containing NMDA receptors and may thereby alter normal synaptic signal transmission. Pb or NMDA-induced cytotoxicity in vitro differed significantly between the immature and the mature hippocampal cells.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that chronic Pb exposure during brain development alters the levels of specific NMDA receptor subunit mRNA in the rat hippocampus. These results suggest that chronic Pb exposure may attenuate the precise neuronal synaptic transmission through the differential alteration of the composition of the NMDA receptor subunit on the hippocampus depending on neuronal developmental stage.

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Mitochondrial DNA A3243G mutation in noise-induced sensorineural hearing loss: Dong Hoon Shin, Won Ki Baek, In Sung Chung; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(3):319-326. Published online September 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.3.319

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
A different sequence change, in the mitochondrial tRNA gene, has been proposed as a candidate mutation in the sensorineurnal hearing loss. The purpose of current study is to identify the association between the noise-induced sensorineurnal hearing loss and the A to G mutation at nucleotide 3243 of mitochondrial DNA.
METHODS
Subjects were established by history and chart review, and audiological and clinical data were obtained. Blood was sampled from 101 controls, 50 noise-induced hearing loss, and 12 sensorineural deafness. The DNA of these individuals was extracted, and mitochondrial genome was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Subsequently, the coding sequence of mitochondrial genome was sequenced, and compared to the normal sequence, and all sequence variations were analyzed by restriction endonuclease ApaI.
RESULTS
Mitochondrial DNA mutation (3243A->G) was not detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in any patients with noise-induced hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, and normal control without hearing loss in Koreans. The DNA sequencing of PCR products did not revealed an A to G substitution at nucleotide 3243 of mitochondrial DNA.
CONCLUSIONS
The noise-induced sensorineural hearing loss was not associated with mitochondrial DNA mutation (3243A->G)

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Apoptosis Induced by Manganese in Basal Ganglia Primary Neuronal Cell Culture: Morphological Findings: Dong Hoon Shin, Sang Pyo Kim, Young Wook Jung, Jae Hoon Bae, Dae Kyu Song, Won Ki Baek; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(1):41-47. Published online March 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.1.41

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
Manganese is cytotoxic to the central nervous system including basal ganglia. Its toxic mechanism is related to oxidative stress, mediated by toxic free radicals but is specultives. In the present study, we have investigated to manifest apoptosis in manganese-induced cytotoxicity in primary neuronal cell culture of rat basal ganglia.
METHOD
To detect apoptotic neuronal cells were stained by the terminal deoxynu-cleotide(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling(TUNEL) method and apoptotic changes in nuclei of neurons were observed by electron microscopy.
RESULTS
We showed that TUNEL immunostain showed brownish signal in the nuclei of apoptotic cells and the proportions of apoptotic cells in Manganese treatment groups were more higher than controls. On transmission electron microscopy, there were chromatine condensation with margination toward nuclear membrane and condensation of cytoplasm in the treated with luM MnC1, for 48 hours in a basal ganglia neurons. Apoptotic bodies were found and consisted of semilunar-like condensed nuclei with relatively intact cytoplasmic organelles.
CONCLUSIONS
Apoptosis appears to be one mechanism in the manganese-induced neuronal cell death. Manganese intoxication is a convenient model for apoptosis study.

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Effect of Cadmium and Zinc on IL-6 Secretion in a Human Monocytic Cell Line, THP-1: Dong Hoon Shin, Suk Kwon Suh, Seong IL Suh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(3):332-339. Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.3.332

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate effects of cadmium and zinc on IL-6 secretion using human monocyte in a culture system.
METHODS
We have used frypan blue dye exclusion methods to examine the effect of cytotoxicity of CdCl2, ZnCl2 in THP-1 cells. IL-6 was measured by the ELIBA method in the cell culture supernatants and the expression of IL-6 mRNA was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
IL-6 production by THP-1 cells were decreased at 0.1 mM cadmium concentration(p < 0.05) and increased as zinc concentration increased. Zinc prevented cadmiuminduced suppression of IL-6. and the addition of a chelating agent, EDTA, restores IL-6 secretion. The expression of IL-6 mRNA decreased at 0.08 mM and 0.1 mM cadmium concentrations.
CONCLUSION
This results suggests that cadmium depressed production and gene expression of IL-6 in stimulates human monocytes, and zinc prevented cadmium-induced suppression of IL-16.

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Apoptosis of Neuronal Cells Induced by Lead: Seon Hee Yang, Dong Hoon Shin, Won Ki Baek; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(2):254-263. Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.2.254

Abstract PDF

Lead is a major environmental and occupational neurotoxicant. It has been shown that long-term exposure to a low level of lead impairs the development of brain. For example, it was reported that lead exposure during the childhood causes a learning difficulty and a memory deficit of children. Neurotoxic agents including the lead are believed to cause neuronal death in developing brain by two mechanisms: apoptosis and necrosis. However, the exact mechanism of neuronal death caused by lead exposure is still not known explicitly. In this study, we conducted a study to clarify a mechanism of hippocampal neuronal cell death caused by lead acetate. Hippocampal neurons were cultured for 14-16 days and treated with lead acetate of 1. 10, 100 1 microM concentrations for 12 hours. With the MTT(methyl tetrazolium test) kit, the viability of neuronal cells was measured. Next, in order to examine apoptosis caused by lead acetate, TUNEL (TdT-mediated d-UTP Nick End Labelling) assay was performed. It has been shown that lead acetate reduced the viability of neuronal cells in a dose dependent manner, especially at the concentration of 100 ~M lead acetate. TUNEL immunostain showed brownish signals in the nucleus of apoptotic cells. The proportions of apoptotic cells in the lead?acetate treated group were more higher than those in the controls and increased as lead acetate concentration increased. From above results, it may be concluded that lead in the hippocampal neuronal cells reduced cell viability and one of mechanisms in neuronal cell death by lead appears to be apoptosis.

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Teratogenic Effects of Lead in the Developing Chick Embryos
Aqsa Shafiq, . Mahnoor, Mirza Fahad Baig, Yashal Fatima, Arooj Haer, Shakila Parveen, Muhammad Akram Tariq, Muhammad Khalil Ahmad Khan
MARKHOR (The Journal of Zoology).2023; : 16. CrossRef

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Neurobehavioral Performance Changes of Chronic Exposure to Organic Solvents among Textile Processing Workers: Seon Hee Yang, Moo Sik Lee, Dong Hoon Shin; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(2):227-239. Published online May 31, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.2.227

Abstract PDF: The study was conducted to predict the risk of chronic exposure by neurobehavioral test and to use it as a basic source of the management for workers exposed to organic solvents. The exposed group was selected from coating department of textile processing industry. The unexposed group was selected from those who visited the clinic to take an annual check-up. The author administered WHO-NCTB (neurobehavioral core test battery). Also, Scandinavian Questionnaire 16 was tested by self-administration to find the correlation between subjective symptoms and NCTB results, and to assess the availability of the Questionnaire in mass screening test concurrently. The final analysed subjects were 78 (27 in exposed group and 51 in unexposed group) workers except who had a neurologic disease or systemic disease affecting the central nervous system. In Questionnaire study, there was no significant difference in total neurotoxic symptom scores between the exposed and the unexposed group. In NCTB, the exposed group had lower mean scores than the unexposed group for all tests. When the effect by age and education were considered, there was a statistically significant difference only in pursuit timing test. This study suggests the availability of NCTB and the Questionnaire for the assessment of neurobehavioral change in workers exposed to organic solvents.

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Effect of Cadmium on Cytokine Gene Expression in a Human Monocytic Cell Line, THP-1: Mi Jung Kang, Seon Hee Yang, In Sung Chung, Dong Hoon Shin, Kwan Kyu Park, Suk Kwon Suh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(2):320-331. Published online June 30, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.2.320

Abstract PDF: Cadmium, a potent toxic metal, poses a serious environmental threat but the mechanism of its toxicity remains unclear. Also, cadmium is a known immunotoxic agent in animal studies and induces pathophysiological effects by modulating components of immune system. Cytokines are being increasingly recognized as essential mediators of normal and pathologic immune response. Cells of mononuclear phagocytic system are strategically located at portals of entry in humans and therefore may be particularly at risk for cadmium exposure through contaminated air, food, and drinking water. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cadmium cytotoxicity for the monocyte and expression of cytokine gene in the control and cadmium treated human monocytic cell lines using RT-PCR method. The results showed that cadmium inhibited cell proliferation at 0.1mM cadmium treated cells for 24 hours. The TNF-alpha mRNA was expressed in both control and cadmium treated cells but not IL-6 and IL-1 beta The mRNA levels of TNF-alpha were examined during 24 hours culture period, at different time points. The expression of TNF-alpha mRNA increased in both 0.01mM and 0.1mM cadmium treated cells, but did not show dose-response relationship. According to cadmium treated duration, expression of TNF-alpha mRNA was more decreases in 24 hours than 6 hours. The decreased levels of mRNA of TNF-alpha that cadmium suppresses iris production at the transcription level.

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Expression of IL-6 mRNA by Human Lung Fibroblast Cell Line Treated with Cadmium: Dong Hoon Shin; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(1):34-42. Published online February 29, 1996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.1.34

Abstract PDF

Cadmium is a highly toxic element responsible for acute and chronic toxicity in man and induces pathophysiological effects by modulating components of immune system, Cytokines are being increasingly recognized as essential mediators of normal and pathologic immune response. The present study has been investigated the effect of cadmium cyto toxicity for lung fibroblast and expression of cytokine gene in unstimulated and cadmiurn-treated lung fibroblast using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that cadmium inhibited the cell proliferation and expression of IL-6, TGF-b-mRNA in both unstimulated and cadmium-treated cell. The expression of IL-6 mRNA increased at 0.8mM and l.OmM cadmium treated for 2 hours and more increased a 0. ImM cadmium treated for 24 hours than for 2 hours. This results suggest that cadmium stimulates expression of D-i-6 mRNA in lung fibroblast.

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Predicting Respiratory Toxicity Using a Human 3D Airway (EpiAirway™) Model Combined with Multiple Parametric Analysis
Jamin A. Willoughby
Applied In Vitro Toxicology.2015; 1(1): 55. CrossRef

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Vibration perception threshold measured by a bone vibrator of audiometer: Jong Young Lee, Dong Hoon Shin, Seung Hoon Lee, Moo Sik Lee, Suk Kwan Suh, Chang Yoon Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1993;5(2):244-249. Published online September 30, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1993.5.2.244

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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