Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Research Article

The association between effort-reward imbalance, work-life balance and depressive mood in Korean wage workers: The 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey: Hyun-mook Lim, Cham-jin Park, Ji-hoo Yook, Min-seok Kim, Ho-yeon Kim, Yun-Chul Hong; Ann Occup Environ Med 2021;33:e2. Published online January 25, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2021.33.e2

Background

This study was conducted to determine the association between work-life (WL) balance, effort-reward (ER) imbalance, and depressive mood in Korean wage workers when 2 models were considered simultaneously.

Methods

We analyzed 26,014 Korean workers including 13,471 men and 12,543 women from the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey data. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the association between WL, ER status, and the depressive mood of Korean workers. We classified the subjects into a total of 4 groups as follows. Group 1: WL and ER status are both “balanced”, group 2: WL status is “imbalanced” and ER status is “balanced”, group 3: WL status is “balanced” and the ER status is “imbalanced”, group 4: WL and ER status are both “imbalanced.”

Results

We found significantly increased odds ratios (ORs) for depressive mood in groups 2, 3, and 4 compared with group 1 after adjusting for the general and occupational characteristics of the subjects in both men and women. We also found that the trend of ORs increased gradually from groups 2 to 4 compared with group 1 in both men and women; group 2: OR: 1.23 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–1.35), group 3: OR: 1.40 (95% CI: 1.27–1.55), group 4: OR: 1.99 (95% CI: 1.74–2.28) compared with group 1 in men; group 2: OR: 1.28 (95% CI: 1.15–1.42), group 3: OR: 1.45 (95% CI: 1.31–1.59), group 4: OR: 2.04 (95% CI: 1.76–2.36) compared with group 1 in women.

Conclusions

As a result, we found the association between imbalanced WL, ER status, and depressive mood in Korean workers using 2 models simultaneously. It is important to provide a balanced WL and ER condition to improve the mental health of workers.

Citations

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Long working hours, work-life imbalance, and poor mental health: a cross-sectional mediation analysis based on the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey, 2020–2021
Seong-Uk Baek, Yu-Min Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon, Jong-Uk Won
Journal of Epidemiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Reciprocal longitudinal associations of supportive workplace relationships with depressive symptoms and self-rated health: A study of Korean women
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon, Jong-Uk Won
Social Science & Medicine.2023; 333: 116176. CrossRef
The role of work–family conflict in the association between long working hours and workers’ sleep disturbance and burnout: results from the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey
Seong-Uk Baek, Jong-Uk Won, Jin-Ha Yoon
BJPsych Open.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Profiles of women who have suffered occupational accidents in cleaning: perceived health, psychosocial risks, and personality variables
Iván Fernández-Suárez, José J. López-Goñi, Begoña Haro
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2023; 96(2): 331. CrossRef
The Moderating Effects of Social Media Activities on the Relationship Between Effort-Reward Imbalance and Health and Wellbeing: A Case Study of the Oil and Gas Industry in Malaysia
Noreen Kanwal, Ahmad Shahrul Nizam Isha
Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Negative Impacts of Prolonged Standing at Work on Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Physical Fatigue: The Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey
Hoon Jo, One-bin Lim, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Sei-jin Chang, Sang-Baek Koh
Yonsei Medical Journal.2021; 62(6): 510. CrossRef

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Research Article

Difference in health status of Korean farmers according to gender: Ho Lee, Seong-yong Cho, Jin-seok Kim, Seong-yong Yoon, Bu-il Kim, Jong-min An, Ki-beom Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:7. Published online March 8, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-019-0287-7

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

The objective of this study was to compare differences in lifestyle diseases, musculoskeletal pain, psychosocial stress, and self-health awareness according to gender in Korean farmers.

Methods

The study population comprised 436 farmers residing in rural areas in Korea. A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and musculoskeletal pain. The psychosocial well-being index short form (PWI-SF) was used to survey psychosocial stress, and the 12-item short form health survey (SF-12) was used to survey self-health awareness. In addition, a clinical examination was performed for each participant, and lifestyle diseases were identified through a health checkup.

Results

Among lifestyle diseases, females showed a significantly higher proportion than males for metabolic syndrome (OR: 4.57 [95% CI, 1.67–12.51]). For musculoskeletal pain, females again showed significantly higher proportion than males for hand pain (OR: 16.79 [95% CI, 3.09–91.30]), and pain in at least one body part (OR: 2.34 [95% CI, 1.16–4.70]). For psychosocial stress, females showed a significantly higher proportion than males for high-risk stress (OR: 3.10 [95% CI, 1.17–8.24]). Among the items in self-health awareness, females showed significantly higher proportion than males for mental component score (MCS) (OR: 3.10 [95% CI, 1.52–6.31]) and total score (OR: 2.34 [95% CI, 1.11–4.90]).

Conclusions

For all items that showed significant differences, females showed higher proportion than males, which indicates that female farmers tended to have poorer overall health than male farmers. Therefore, specialized programs will have to be developed to improve the health of female farmers.

Citations

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Older Female Farmers and Modeling of Occupational Hazards, Wellbeing, and Sleep-Related Problems on Musculoskeletal Pains
Dong Seok Shin, Byung Yong Jeong
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(12): 7274. CrossRef
Autopercepción del Nivel de vida en los asociados a gremios agrícolas en Tungurahua, Ecuador
Carlos Fabricio Gavilanes Carvajal, Janneth Maricela Illapa Atupaña, María Dolores Guamán Guevara, César Andrés Guerrero Velástegui
Religación. Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades.2022; 7(34): e210983. CrossRef
Comparisons of working conditions and health-related problems between older male and female crop farmers
Byung Yong Jeong
Work.2022; 72(3): 1025. CrossRef
Key Risk Factors Affecting Farmers’ Mental Health: A Systematic Review
Sahar Daghagh Yazd, Sarah Ann Wheeler, Alec Zuo
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(23): 4849. CrossRef

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Short Communication

Environmental health centers for asbestos and their health impact surveys and activities: Dong-Mug Kang, Jong-Eun Kim, Yong-Jin Lee, Hyun-Hee Lee, Chang-yeol Lee, Seong-Jae Moon, Min-Sung Kang; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:68. Published online December 1, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0154-8

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In 2009, Korea banned the import, transport, and use of asbestos, and the Asbestos Injury Relief Act (AIRA) was promulgated in 2011. Two environmental health centers for asbestos (EHCA), including Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital (PNUYH) and SoonChunHyang University Cheonan Hospital (SCHUCH), were adapted to find environmental asbestos-related diseases (ARDs) and to support the purposes of AIRA. EHCA conducted a health impact survey (HIS) on persons who resided or reside near asbestos factories or mines. A total of 13,433 persons have taken screening examinations in PNUYH EHCA, and 623 persons (4.6%) have had secondary examinations. Of the 21,014 persons who had screening examinations in SCHUCH EHCA, 2490 persons (11.8%) had secondary examinations. Some of those who tested positive for ARDs through HISs filed applications for the asbestos victims’ medical pocketbook (AVMP). Approximately 116 and 612 persons received AVMPs as a result of PNUYH and SCHUCH examinees, respectively. EHCAs have conducted HISs, public relations, and education for asbestos victims, ordinary citizens, and physicians. As HISs are based on voluntary participation, they does not monitor high-risk groups. Active surveillance focusing on high-risk groups has been blocked by the personal information protection act. Although important work has been performed in finding environmental asbestos victims and increasing public awareness on asbestos, it is necessary to improve the current system and registration.

Citations

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Air pollution and survival in patients with malignant mesothelioma and asbestos-related lung cancer: a follow-up study of 1591 patients in South Korea
Da-An Huh, Yun-Hee Choi, Lita Kim, Kangyeon Park, Jiyoun Lee, Se Hyun Hwang, Kyong Whan Moon, Min-Sung Kang, Yong-Jin Lee
Environmental Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Occupational and Environmental Asbestos Exposure and Survival of Patients with Asbestos-Related Cancer: A Follow-Up Study on Patients with Malignant Mesothelioma and Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer in Korea
Min-Sung Kang, Woo-Ri Chae, Yong-Jin Lee, Kyong Whan Moon
Toxics.2023; 12(1): 20. CrossRef
Disease Latency according to Asbestos Exposure Characteristics among Malignant Mesothelioma and Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer Cases in South Korea
Da-An Huh, Woo-Ri Chae, Yun-Hee Choi, Min-Sung Kang, Yong-Jin Lee, Kyong-Whan Moon
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(23): 15934. CrossRef
Occupational and environmental asbestos exposure and the risk of lung cancer in Korea: A case-control study in South Chungcheong Province of Korea
Da-An Huh, Min-Sung Kang, Jiyun Lee, Ji Yoon Choi, Kyong Whan Moon, Yong-Jin Lee, Flavio Manoel Rodrigues Da Silva Júnior
PLOS ONE.2021; 16(4): e0249790. CrossRef
Development of Nationwide Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Evaluation Methods with Comprehensive Past Asbestos Exposure Reconstruction
Dongmug Kang, Seung Ho Lee, Yoon Ji Kim, Tae Kyoung Kim, Ju Young Kim, Youngki Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(6): 2819. CrossRef
Epidemiological Findings on Health Effects of Environmental Exposure to Airborne Asbestos
Hideki Hasunuma, Masayuki Shima
Material Cycles and Waste Management Research.2020; 31(5): 366. CrossRef
Relationships of Lower Lung Fibrosis, Pleural Disease, and Lung Mass with Occupational, Household, Neighborhood, and Slate Roof-Dense Area Residential Asbestos Exposure
Dongmug Kang, Yu-Young Kim, Minseung Shin, Min-Su Lee, Hee-Joo Bae, Se-Yeong Kim, Young-Ki Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(8): 1638. CrossRef
Monitoring and Simulating Environmental Asbestos Dispersion from a Textile Factory
Dongmug Kang, Yongsik Hwang, Yeyong Choi, Se-Yeong Kim, Young-Ki Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(7): 1398. CrossRef
Occupational Burden of Asbestos-Related Diseases in Korea, 1998–2013: Asbestosis, Mesothelioma, Lung Cancer, Laryngeal Cancer, and Ovarian Cancer
Dong-Mug Kang, Jong-Eun Kim, Young-Ki Kim, Hyun-Hee Lee, Se-Yeong Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
The Asbestos Ban in Korea from a Grassroots Perspective: Why Did It Occur?
Yu-Ryong Yoon, Kyeong Kwak, Yeyong Choi, Kanwoo Youn, Jinwook Bahk, Dong-Mug Kang, Domyung Paek
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(2): 198. CrossRef

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Original Article

Mortality Patterns among Korean Vietnam Veterans: Sang Wook Yi, Hee Choul Ohrr; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2011;23(3):279-286. Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2011.23.3.279

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
A total of 320,000 Korean soldiers in three combat units and four supporting units participated in the Vietnam War. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Vietnam experience and mortality by comparing mortalities in Korean Vietnam War veterans to the general population.
METHODS
The deaths of 185,760 Vietnam veterans from January 1, 1992 to December 31, 2005 were confirmed by matching the veterans' information to death records from the National Statistical Office. Crude death rate, age adjusted rate and Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated 95% confidence. Age was standardized to the total male population during 1992-2005 with the age of 36 to 83 years old.
RESULTS
The age adjusted death rate per 100,000 was 868.1 among veterans and 1226.5 among the general population. Mortality of all causes was significantly lower among veterans (SMR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.82-0.84). Mortalities from neoplasms (SMR=0.87), circulatory diseases (SMR=0.79), and external causes of deaths (SMR=0.92) were significantly lower among veterans. Mortalities from several external causes of deaths including Intentional self-harm (X60-X84), assault and accidental poisoning, angina pectoris, chronic ischemic heart diseases, prostate cancer, and malignant neoplasms of hematopoietic system including multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and leukemia were not different between veterans and the general population.
CONCLUSIONS
Mortality among Vietnam veterans was lower than that among the general population. It would be explained mainly by healthy veteran effect.

Citations

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Depressive symptoms and other risk factors predicting suicide in middle-aged men: a prospective cohort study among Korean Vietnam War veterans
Sang-Wook Yi, Jae-Seok Hong
PeerJ.2015; 3: e1071. CrossRef
Authors' response to: ME Ginevan et al. Exposure estimates in epidemiological studies of Korean veterans of the Vietnam War
S.-W. Yi, S.-Y. Ryu
International Journal of Epidemiology.2015; 44(1): 359. CrossRef
Agent Orange exposure and cancer incidence in Korean Vietnam veterans: A prospective cohort study
Sang‐Wook Yi, Heechoul Ohrr
Cancer.2014; 120(23): 3699. CrossRef
Agent Orange exposure and disease prevalence in Korean Vietnam veterans: The Korean veterans health study
Sang-Wook Yi, Jae-Seok Hong, Heechoul Ohrr, Jee-Jeon Yi
Environmental Research.2014; 133: 56. CrossRef
Challenges in investigating the association between Agent Orange and cancer: Site‐specific cancer risk and accuracy of exposure assessment
Thomas H. Sinks
Cancer.2014; 120(23): 3595. CrossRef
Agent Orange exposure and risk of death in Korean Vietnam veterans: Korean Veterans Health Study
Sang-Wook Yi, So-Yeon Ryu, Heechoul Ohrr, Jae-Seok Hong
International Journal of Epidemiology.2014; 43(6): 1825. CrossRef

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Case Report

Cervical HIVD Related to Long-Term Whole Body Vibration and Awkward Posture: Jong Do Jeong, Sangchul Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009;21(4):396-405. Published online December 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2009.21.4.396

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The relationship between whole body vibration and awkward neck posture to cervical herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) has been rarely reported. In this report, we present the case of an overhead crane operator, that had no known history of neck injury, but had long-term exposure to whole body vibration and improper neck posture, who developed cervical HIVD, which raises concerns over the possibility of occupational causation.
CASE
A patient, operating an overhead crane since Dec 26th 1986, began to suffer from a neck pain and developed cervical HIVD in 1998. He had been frequently treated in an outpatient clinic, but the symptom was not improve. Eventually, he got HIVD surgery in Sep 6th 2007, and then the symptom was relieved. There were 4 groups and 3 shift system in the patient's overhead crane operation. He worked eight hours a day and 5 days a week. Actual crane work time was about 6 hours a day. The crane was located at 20 meters above the work field so that the crane operator had to look downward and the neck was bent by more than 20degrees for nearly the entire working day. Daily vibration exposure was expressed in terms of an 8-hour energy-equivalent frequency-weighted acceleration magnitude (A(8)) and vibration dose value (VDV). The daily A(8) was measured to be 0.23 m/s2 and the daily VDV was 7.4 m/s(1.75). Although these levels were below the action level recommended by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and European Commission (EC), it cannot be ignored that whole body vibration in addition to an awkward neck posture may be related to an increased risk for neck disease. A long-term awkward posture can adversely impact the prevalence of neck disease. In addition, occupational exposure to whole body vibration along with an awkward neck posture seems to exacerbate these effects.
CONCLUSION
An overhead crane operator may have acquired cervical HIVD due to an occupational causation. Therefore, to elucidate the causal relationship of an improper neck posture and whole body vibration to neck diseases, further investigations need to be conducted for lager sample of overhead crane operators that were exposed to a long-term awkward neck posture and whole body vibration.

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Retrospective Statistical Analysis of Patients with Disc Herniation Treated with Cervical or Lumbar Decompression Treatment
Ye Ji Lee, Jeong il Kim, Ju Hyun Jeon, Eunseok Kim, Young Il Kim
Journal of Korean Medicine.2021; 42(2): 1. CrossRef
Trend of Human Vibration Research in Korea
Hee-Sok Park
Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea.2013; 32(4): 293. CrossRef

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