Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Original Article

Evaluation of Early Neurologic Abnormalities on the Workers Exposed to Acrylamide: Seong Soon Kim, Hae Kwan Cheong, Yong Wook Kwon; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(3):367-383. Published online September 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.3.367

OBJECTIVES
Acrylamide is a neurotoxin inducing central-peripheral distal axonopathy. The authors evaluated several neurologic tests to screen the early effect of occupational acrylamide exposure.
METHODS
Fifty-two males working either in the production of acrylamide monomer or in the handling of acrylamide in Ulsan, Korea, were selected and subcategorized into the high-exposure group (n=10, mean age of 30. 4 years) and the low-exposure group (n=42, mean age of 28.9 years). Twenty-three males (mean age 29.4 years) from medical professionals and students were chosen as a non-exposed reference group. Symptom questionnaire, neurologic examination, electrodiagnostic test, vibrotactile threshold test, and Lanthony desaturated 15 panel test (LD-15D) were done.
RESULTS
The high-exposure group showed more number of specific symptoms on questionnaire and more abnormal two point discrimination test. High-exposure group showed a significant difference in the median motor conduction velocity, peroneal nerve motor latency, sensory amplitude of median nerve action potential, and sensory latency of sural nerve. The vibrotactile threshold of the high-exposure group was significantly higher in both hands and feet than that of the low-exposure group and the reference group. Average color confusion index on the LD-15D was significantly higher in the high-exposure group (median 22.7, range 0-135.7) than in the reference group (median 2.4, range 0-33.2).
CONCLUSIONS
The symptom questionnaire, vibrotactile threshold test, and color discrimination test are sensitive in detection of the early acrylamide-induced neuropathy, and the combination of these tests would further facilitate the effectiveness of the screening.

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Usefulness of Color Vision Test for Early Detection of Neurological Damages by Neurotoxic Substances
Eun-Hee Lee, Kyungho Choi, Hong Jae Chae, Domyung Paek
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2008; 41(6): 397. CrossRef

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Original Article

Vibration Perception Threshold of Male Workers Exposed to Carbon Disulfide: Seung Hoi Park, Eun Il Lee, Byung Chul Chun, Yong Tae Yum, Jae Wook Chi; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(1):85-96. Published online February 29, 1996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.1.85

Abstract PDF

This study was conducted on 367 male workers to evaluate the change of vibration perception threshold (VPT) according to exposure degree to carbon disulfide. VPT was measured on both metacarpal bones of index and little fingers and on fibular malleoli by Vibrometer (Rion, on 125Hz). The exposure degree was classified by the name of department. Workers in department 1 had been exposed to high concentration of carbon disulfide, those in. department 2 had been exposed to carbon disulfide moderately or intermittently, and those in department 3 had been exposed to undetectable concentration of carbon disulfide. The results were as follows: 1. The mean values of VPT of metacarpal(MC) bones showed dose-response pattern, i.e., the mean values of VPT at department 1 were highest, and those of VPT at department 3 were lowest with similar work duration or age. But the mean values of VPT of fibular malleoli (FM) showed dose-response pattern only in workers having above 5 years of work duration or whose age were above 30. 2. The mean values of VPT of MC bone of workers increased by age. 3. There were statistically significant difference in mean values of VPT of MC bone only in workers having 5-10 year work duration. And there were statistically significant difference of mean values of VPT of left 2nd and 5th MC bone in workers whose age was 30's, of right 2nd MC bone in those whose age was 40's, and of left 2nd MC bone in those whose age was 50's. 4. The variables affecting VPT significantly were department and age (or age group) both in multiple regression and general linear model. The department showed to have more effect to VPT than age in multiple regression, but age group showed to have more effect to VPT than department in general linear model. 5. The variables were transformed to indicator variable to do logistic regression analysis. Department 1, 2, 3 were classified into high exposure (spinning department) and low exposure (other department), age was classified into old (above 30) and young, and work duration was classified into long(above 10 years) and short. The exposure and age were significant variables by logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios of department and VPT on metacarpal bones or malleoli were 2.7-3.2 and those of age and VPT were 2.6 or 2.7. Odds ratio of age and abnormality of VPT on'any point was 3.3(1.59-6.;8), and that of department and VPT was 2.8(1.5-5.5). We concluded that exposure of carbon disulfied was significantly associated with reduction of VPT regardless of age; and that the test of VPT would be useful tool for screening and early detection in neuropathy by carbon disulfide or other neurotoxic chemicals,even though it is simple and cheap.

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Trans‐Cranial Doppler and Peripheral Sensory Threshold Tests for Carbon Disulfide Poisoning
Eunil Lee, Hun‐Jong Chung, Soon‐Duck Kim, Jong‐Tae Park, Donggeun Sul, Myung‐Hyun Kim
Journal of Occupational Health.2001; 43(6): 307. CrossRef
Carbon Disulfide Poisoning in Korea with Social and Historical Background
Eunil Lee, Soonduck Kim, Haejoon Kim, Kwangjong Kim, Yongtae Yum
Journal of Occupational Health.1996; 38(4): 155. CrossRef

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Original Article

Selection of Testing Frequency in Bone Vibrator of Audiometer for Measurement of Vivration Perception Threshold: Jong Young Lee, Wan Seoup Park, Yeong Hwan Kim, Doohie Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(1):17-25. Published online February 28, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.1.17

Abstract PDF: Both to determine testing frequency in bone vibrator of audiometer for measurement of vibration perception threshold(VPT) and to evaluate factors influencing VPT, ninty seven healthy adults were tested on their second metacarpal head of both hands, at 250Hz, 500Hz, 1,000Hz and so on. Measures of the VPTs at 1,000Hz were excluded in analysis because frequency 1,000Hz was not recognized as a vibration sense. Mean and standard deviation(S.D.) of the VPTs in the both hands measured at 250Hz were 19.9+/-6.7dB, 21.0+/-7.3dB, respectively and at 500Hz were 33.6+/-8.3dB, 34.9+/-8.1dB, respectively. Both mean and S.D. tended to be lower at 250Hz than 500Hz, and mean differences of VPTs between the left and the right hand at the both frequencies appeared statistically significant (p<0.01). VPTs were significantly correlated with each other (p<0.01). Age was positively correlated(p<0.001) with VPTs and education was negatively(p<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that age was the only factor influenced on VPT. These results suggest that, when using the bone vibrator of audiometer for measurement of VPT, the frequency 250Hz as a testing frequency may be more useful than frequency 500Hz, and VPT should be measured on both hands.

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