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Original Article
- Association between seafood consumption and serum polyfluoroalkyl substance concentrations among Korean adolescents: the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) cycle 5, 2021–2023
- Hyun Joong Kim, Yongjin Kim, Dong-jae Seo, Jaewon Mun, Sunwoo Jeong, Shin-Goo Park, Yangwoo Kim, Hwan-Cheol Kim
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2026;38:e38. Published online August 20, 2026
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2026.38.e38
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Abstract
Abstract in Korean
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Supplementary Material - Background
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants commonly found in seafood; however, evidence of dietary ingestion among adolescents remains limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between seafood consumption and serum PFAS concentrations among Korean adolescents.
Methods
This cross-sectional study used data from the fifth Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS, 2021–2023). We included 827 adolescents aged 12–18 years. Serum concentrations of five PFAS compounds (perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA], perfluorooctane sulfonic acid [PFOS], perfluorohexane sulfonic acid, perfluorononanoic acid [PFNA], and perfluorodecanoic acid [PFDeA]) were measured. Seafood consumption was assessed using a questionnaire and categorized as rarely consumed, monthly consumption, or weekly consumption. Complex sample general linear models were performed using log-transformed PFAS concentrations.
Results
Compared with the rarely consumed group, weekly fish consumption was significantly associated with higher serum concentrations of PFOA (B = 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46–1.83; p = 0.001), PFOS (B = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.23–3.05; p < 0.001), PFNA (B = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.14–0.42; p < 0.001), and PFDeA (B = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.05–0.23; p = 0.004), whereas monthly fish consumption was associated with higher PFOS and PFNA. Crustacean consumption showed positive associations with PFOA (B = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.57–1.63; p < 0.001), PFOS (B = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.24–1.61; p = 0.009), PFNA (B = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08–0.28; p < 0.001), and PFDeA (B = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.05–0.16; p < 0.001) in the monthly group, whereas associations were attenuated in the weekly group. No significant associations were observed for large fish and tuna, seaweed, shellfish, or other seafood.
Conclusions
Fish and crustacean consumption were associated with serum PFAS concentrations among Korean adolescents, whereas other seafood types showed no significant associations. Future prospective studies with more detailed dietary assessments are warranted to clarify causal relationships. - 한국 청소년의 해산물 섭취와 혈중 PFAS 농도의 관련성: 제 5기 국민환경보건기초조사 자료 분석 (2021-2023)
목적
과불화화합물(Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFAS)은 환경 내 분해가 어려운 잔류성 유기오염물질로, 인체내 축적된 PFAS는 다양한 건강 문제와 연관된 것으로 보고되고 있다. 해산물 섭취는 PFAS의 주요 노출 경로 중 하나로 알려져 있으나, 청소년을 대상으로 한 연구는 제한적이다. 본 연구는 한국 청소년에서 해산물 섭취와 혈중 PFAS 농도의 관련성을 평가하고자 하였다.
방법
본 연구는 제5기 국민환경보건기초조사(2021-2023) 자료를 활용한 단면연구로 수행되었다. 12-18세 청소년 827명을 대상으로 하였으며, 혈중 PFAS 5종(PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA, PFDeA) 농도를 분석하였다. 해산물 섭취는 설문조사를 통해 평가하였으며, 거의 섭취하지 않는 군, 월 1회 이상 섭취 군, 주 1회 이상 섭취 군으로 분류하였다. 복합표본 선형회귀분석을 통해 PFAS 농도와의 관련성을 분석하였다.
결과
생선류 섭취는 주 1회 이상 섭취군에서 PFOA(B=1.15, 95% CI: 0.46-1.83, p=0.001), PFOS(B=2.14, 95% CI:1.23-3.05, p<0.001), PFNA(B=0.28, 95% CI:0.14-0.42, p<0.001), PFDeA(B=0.14, 95% CI:0.05-0.23, p=0.004) 농도 증가와 유의한 관련성을 보였다. 갑각류 섭취 또한 월 1회 이상 섭취군에서 PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFDeA 농도 증가와 관련되었다. 반면 대형어류 및 참치류, 해조류, 패류 및 기타 해산물 섭취는 혈중 PFAS 농도와 유의한 관련성을 보이지 않았다.
결론
한국 청소년에서 생선류 섭취는 혈중 PFAS 농도 증가와 관련이 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 생선류 섭취가 청소년의 PFAS 노출에 기여함을 시사하며, 향후 정밀한 식이 평가를 포함한 전향적 연구를 통해 인과관계를 규명할 필요가 있다.
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Research Article
- Relationship between seafood consumption and bisphenol A exposure: the Second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS 2012–2014)
- Yeji Kim, Minkyu Park, Do Jin Nam, Eun Hye Yang, Jae-Hong Ryoo
- Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e10. Published online March 5, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e10
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Abstract
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Background This study aimed to identify the relationship between exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and seafood consumption using a nationally representative data of the general Korean population.
Methods This study was conducted on 5,402 adults aged 19 years and older (2,488 men, 2,914 women) based on the second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2012–2014). We stratified the data according to gender and analyzed urinary BPA concentrations in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior, dietary factor, and seafood consumption. In the high and low BPA exposure groups, the odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression analysis according to the top 75th percentile concentration.
Results In men, large fish and tuna and other seafood categories had significantly higher ORs before and after adjustment in the group who consumed seafood more than once a week than in the group who rarely consumed seafood, with an adjusted value of 1.97 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–3.48) and 1.74 (95% CI: 1.10–2.75), respectively. In the shellfish category, the unadjusted OR was 1.61 (95% CI: 1.00–2.59), which was significantly higher in the group who consumed seafood more than once a week than in the group who rarely consumed seafood. However, the OR after adjusting for the variables was not statistically significant. In women, the frequency of seafood consumption and the concentration of urinary BPA were not significantly associated.
Conclusions BPA concentration was higher in men who frequently consumed large fish and tuna, shellfish and other seafood in this study.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
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JDR Clinical & Translational Research.2026; 11(1): 53. CrossRef - BPA impairs the intestinal health of Gobiocypris rarus by disrupting gut microbiota, altering fatty acid metabolism, and affecting mucus secretion
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- 19 Download
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