Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Research Article

Effect of long term high altitude exposure on cardiovascular autonomic adjustment during rest and post-exercise recovery: Prem Bhattarai, Bishnu H. Paudel, Dilip Thakur, Balkrishna Bhattarai, Bijay Subedi, Rita Khadka; Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:34. Published online May 11, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0240-1

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Background

Despite the successful adaptation to high altitude, some differences do occur due to long term exposure to the hypoxic environment. The effect of long term high altitude exposure on cardiac autonomic adjustment during basal and post-exercise recovery is less known. Thus we aimed to study the differences in basal cardiac autonomic adjustment and its response to exercise in highlanders and to compare it with lowlanders.

Methods

The study was conducted on 29 healthy highlander males who were born and brought up at altitude of 3000 m and above from the sea level, their cardiac autonomic adjustment was compared with age, sex, physical activity and ethnicity-matched 29 healthy lowlanders using Heart Rate Variability (HRV) during rest and recovery from sub-maximal exercise (3 m step test). Intergroup comparison between the highlanders and lowlanders and intragroup comparison between the rest and the postexercise recovery conditions were done.

Results

Resting heart rate and HRV during rest was comparable between the groups. However, heart rate recovery after 3 min step test was faster in highlanders (p < 0.05) along with significantly higher LF power and total power during the recovery phase. Intragroup comparison of highlanders showed higher SDNN (p < 0.05) and lower LF/HF ratio (p < 0.05) during recovery phase compared to rest which was not significantly different in two phases in lowlanders. Further highlander showed complete recovery of RMSSD, NN50, pNN50 and HF power back to resting level within five minutes, whereas, these parameters failed to return back to resting level in lowlanders within the same time frame.

Conclusion

Highlanders completely recovered back to their resting state within five minutes from cessation of step test with parasympathetic reactivation; however, recovery in lowlanders was delayed.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s40557-018-0240-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Effects of Altitude training on Ethiopian endurance athletes recovery heart rate and hematological variables
Tesfaye Moges, Mathivanan Dhamodharan, Mulay Gebretensay, Alemmebrat Kiflu, Efrem Kentiba
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High-altitude exposure duration dependent global and regional gray matter volume decrease in healthy immigrants: a cross-sectional study
Jie Feng, Weiwei Men, Xiao Yu, Wenjia Liu, Shiyu Zhang, Jie Liu, Lin Ma
Acta Radiologica.2023; 64(2): 751. CrossRef
Cardiorespiratory function, resting metabolic rate and heart rate variability in coal miners exposed to hypobaric hypoxia in highland workplace
Sanjun Yang, Chunhu Tian, Fan Yang, Qi Chen, Ruiyuan Geng, Chunyan Liu, Xinrong Wu, Wing-Kai Lam
PeerJ.2022; 10: e13899. CrossRef
High-altitude Hypoxia Influences the Activities of the Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme CYP3A1 and the Pharmacokinetics of Four Cardiovascular System Drugs
Junbo Zhu, Yabin Duan, Delong Duo, Jianxin Yang, Xue Bai, Guiqin Liu, Qian Wang, Xuejun Wang, Ning Qu, Yang Zhou, Xiangyang Li
Pharmaceuticals.2022; 15(10): 1303. CrossRef
The Use of a Smartphone Application in Monitoring HRV during an Altitude Training Camp in Professional Female Cyclists: A Preliminary Study
Alejandro Javaloyes, Manuel Mateo-March, Agustín Manresa-Rocamora, Santiago Sanz-Quinto, Manuel Moya-Ramón
Sensors.2021; 21(16): 5497. CrossRef
Shortening Work-Rest Durations Reduces Physiological and Perceptual Load During Uphill Walking in Simulated Cold High-Altitude Conditions
Alessandro Fornasiero, Aldo Savoldelli, Federico Stella, Alexa Callovini, Lorenzo Bortolan, Andrea Zignoli, David A. Low, Laurent Mourot, Federico Schena, Barbara Pellegrini
High Altitude Medicine & Biology.2020; 21(3): 249. CrossRef
Values of heart rate at rest in children and adults living at different altitudes in the Andes
Christian R. Mejia, Matlin M. Cárdenas, Dayanne Benites-Gamboa, Armando Miñan-Tapia, Gloria S. Torres-Riveros, Michael Paz, Yomayra Perez, José Rojas-Camayo, Xianwu Cheng
PLOS ONE.2019; 14(2): e0213014. CrossRef

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Research Article

The responses of subjective feeling, task performance ability, cortisol and HRV for the various types of floor impact sound: a pilot study: Seok Hyeon Yun, Sang Jin Park, Chang Sun Sim, Joo Hyun Sung, Ahra Kim, Jang Myeong Lee, Sang Hyun Lee, Jiho Lee; Ann Occup Environ Med 2017;29:13. Published online May 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-017-0168-x

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Background

Recently, noise coming from the neighborhood via floor wall has become a great social problem. The noise between the floors can be a cause of physical and psychological problems, and the different types of floor impact sound (FIS) may have the different effects on the human’s body and mind. The purpose of this study is to assess the responses of subjective feeling, task performance ability, cortisol and HRV for the various types of floor impact.

Methods

Ten men and 5 women were enrolled in our study, and the English listening test was performed under the twelve different types of FIS, which were made by the combinations of bang machine (B), tapping machine (T), impact ball (I) and sound-proof mattress (M). The 15 subjects were exposed to each FIS for about 3 min, and the subjective annoyance, performance ability (English listening test), cortisol level of urine/saliva and heart rate variability (HRV) were examined. The sound pressure level (SPL) and frequency of FIS were analyzed. Repeated-measures ANOVA, paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test were performed for data analysis.

Results

The SPL of tapping machine (T) was reduced with the soundproof mattress (M) by 3.9–7.3 dBA. Impact ball (I) was higher than other FIS in low frequency (31.5–125 Hz) by 10 dBA, and tapping machine (T) was higher than other FIS in high frequency (2–4 k Hz) by 10 dBA. The subjective annoyance is highest in the combination of bang machine and tapping machine (BT), and next in the tapping machine (T). The English listening score was also lowest in the BT, and next in T. The difference of salivary cortisol levels between various types of FIS was significant (p = 0.003). The change of HRV parameters by the change of FIS types was significant in some parameters, which were total power (TP) (p = 0.004), low frequency (LF) (p = 0.002) and high frequency (HF) (p = 0.011).

Conclusions

These results suggest that the human’s subjective and objective responses were different according to FIS types and those combinations.

Citations

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Quantifying the Effect of Noise on Cognitive Processes: A Review of Psychophysiological Correlates of Workload
Jan Grenzebach, Erik Romanus
Noise and Health.2022; 24(115): 199. CrossRef

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Research Article

Factors related to heart rate variability among firefighters: Jae-Hong Shin, Jung-Youb Lee, Seon-Hee Yang, Mi-Young Lee, In-Sung Chung; Ann Occup Environ Med 2016;28:25. Published online June 13, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-016-0111-6

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Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with heart rate variability in firefighters working in a metropolitan city in South Korea.

Methods

Self-administered questionnaires including Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) as well as surveys collecting socio-demographic characteristics and work-related factors were given to 962 firefighters. After exclusion for missing data, 645 firefighters were included, and analysis of covaiance adjusted for the general risk factors and job characteristics were used to assess the relationship between heart rate variability and associated factors.

Results

SDNN and RMSSD and were decreased in the area of occupational climate of the group with high job stress (p = 0.027, p = 0.036). HF(ln) was decreased in the area of organizational system and occupational climate of the group with high stress that statistically significant level (p = 0.034, p = 0.043).

Conclusions

Occupational climate and organizational system are associated with reduction of heart rate variability. Preventive medical care plans for cardiovascular disease of firefighters through the analysis and evaluation of job stress factors are needed.

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Jacob D. Jelmini, Phillip A. Gribble, Mark G. Abel, Lauren N. Whitehurst, Nicholas R. Heebner
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2024; 66(7): 580. CrossRef
On-Duty Resting Heart Rate Variability at the Fire Station Is Related to Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Activity Levels in Firefighters
Philémon Marcel-Millet, Philippe Gendron
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2024; 66(3): e111. CrossRef
Evaluation of the relationship between occupational-specific task performance and measures of physical fitness, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health in firefighters
Jaron Ras, Elpidoforos S. Soteriades, Denise L. Smith, Andre P. Kengne, Lloyd Leach
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The effect of extended shift work on autonomic function in occupational settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Jacob D Jelmini, Jeremy Ross, Lauren N Whitehurst, Nicholas R Heebner
Journal of Occupational Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Heart Rate Variability Assessment of Land Navigation and Load Carriage Activities in Specialist Police Selection
Colin D. Tomes, Elisa F. D. Canetti, Ben Schram, Robin Orr
Healthcare.2023; 11(19): 2677. CrossRef
Effects of cardiovascular health, musculoskeletal health and physical fitness on occupational performance of firefighters: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jaron Ras, Andre Pascal Kengne, Denise Smith, Elpidoforos Soterakis Soteriades, Lloyd Leach
BMJ Open.2022; 12(7): e061435. CrossRef
Effects of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Musculoskeletal Health, and Physical Fitness on Occupational Performance in Firefighters—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Jaron Ras, Andre P. Kengne, Denise L. Smith, Elpidoforos S. Soteriades, Rucia V. November, Lloyd Leach
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(19): 11946. CrossRef
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Musculoskeletal Health, Physical Fitness, and Occupational Performance in Firefighters: A Narrative Review
Jaron Ras, Denise L. Smith, Andre P. Kengne, Elpidoforos E. Soteriades, Lloyd Leach, Ike S. Okosun
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Acute Physiological Response of Live-Fire Simulation Activities Affecting Cardiovascular Health in Live-Fire Instructors
Gwan-Jin Park, So Yeon Kong, Dong-Min Shin, Dae In Lee, Beom-Seok Ku, Je-Hwan Oh, Sang-Chul Kim
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Philémon Marcel-Millet, Alain Groslambert, Philippe Gimenez, Sidney Grosprêtre, Gilles Ravier
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Original Article

Heart Rate Variability of Carbon Disulfide Poisoned Subjects after Exposure Cessation: Sang Yoon Lee, Sung Il Cho, Do Myung Paek, Chang Bum Byeon, Mi Jeong Kim, Kyung Keun Park, Sang Hyeok Yim, Kil Seung Yang, Chang Kook Hwang, Hyung Joon Jhun; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2006;18(2):123-129. Published online June 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.2.123

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
A previous study conducted in 2000 measuring the heart rate variability (HRV) of carbon disulfide (CS2)-poisoned subjects suggested that their HRV was reduced after exposure cessation. However, the study was limited by the following procedural limitations: (1) only 71 CS2-poisoned subjects participated, (2) no females participated, and (3) the CS2-poisoned subjects were older than the controls. This study was therefore conducted to overcome these limitations of the earlier study.
METHODS
The study subjects comprised 122 retired workers with CS2 poisoning and the same number of age- and sex-matched controls. Information on individual age, sex, height, weight, smoking history, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, medical and occupational history, chest x-ray, and ECG recording of the two groups was collected though a self-administered questionnaire and a medical examination. Standard Deviation of NN intervals (SDNN), Root-Mean-Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD), Total Power (TP), Low Frequency (LF), High Frequency (HF), and LF/HF ratio were measured as HRV indices for 5 minutes in the sitting position.
RESULTS
Univariate analysis revealed that all HRV indices of CS2-poisoned subjects were lower than those of the controls. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that CS2 poisoning had negative association with all HRV indices and that its association with RMSSD was statistically significant (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that CS2-poisoned subjects continue to have reduced HRV, even though the exposure has ceased.

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Original Article

Sleep Patterns and Morning Heart Rate Variability Among Daytime Workers in Korea: Chang Ho sohn, Min Sook Kim, Hyunjoo Kim, Soo Young Kim, Ji Ho Lee, Hyung Joon Jhun, Jong Min Woo; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(3):208-215. Published online September 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.3.208

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to evaluate the sleep patterns in a population of Korean labor workers and to assess the activity of the autonomic nervous system in relation to sleep habits.
METHODS
A sampler of 1238 daytime workers (male 911, female 327) completed questionnaires on sleep habits and their short term heart rate variability(HRV) was also examined. We used the SA-2000 (medi-core) instrument for 5 minutes for each participant in the morning and performed basic physical examinations including height, weight, and blood pressure.
RESULTS
Bed time and wake up time were negatively correlated with age, while the frequencies of waking up through the night and in the early morning showed positive correlation with age. We found that bed time and wake up time during weekdays, sleep latency during weekdays, frequency of waking up through the night, and the degree of sleepiness all varied significantly according to the average nightly amount of sleep within the last week. There was a positive correlation between wake up time at weekdays with mean heart rate. However, the other variables of sleep habits and pattern did not show significant correlation with HRV.
CONCLUSION
Among Korean daytime workers, sleep phases become advanced with aging. In spite of the aging processes, general sleep health seems to be maintained among the healthy worker group. However, short-term HRV was not useful parameter to measure the alternation of autonomic nervous system resulting from the difference of sleep habits and pattern.

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Factors related with quality on sleep of daytime workers
Bu-il Kim, Seong-yong Yoon, Jin-seok Kim, Kuck-Hyeun Woo, Seong-yong Cho, Ho Lee, Jong-min An
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Temperament and Character Traits, Heart Rate Variability and Occupational Stress in New Nursing Employees
Min Soo Ko, Yong Lee Jang, Jin Sook Choi, Hyun Bo Shim, Hee Jung Nam, Mee Suk Wang, In Deok Lee, Hae Woo Lee
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2016; 55(3): 271. CrossRef

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Original Article

Relationship between Fatigue Severity and Heart Rate Variability in Middle-Aged Male Workers: Sang Wook Song, Jin Hee Shin, Thomas Findley; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(1):26-35. Published online March 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.1.26

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the relationship between the severity of fatigue and the cardiac autonomic function by analyzing the heart rate variability on middle-aged male workers.
METHODS
The severity of fatigue and heart rate variability were assessed with the control measures of age, body mass index, blood pressure, alcohol consumption, smoking history, regular exercise on 82 healthy middle-aged male workers in an annual health checkup. The severity of fatigue was evaluated by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), which was developed by Krupp. The 5-minute electrocardiographic recordings were analyzed as a function of the time and the frequency domain methods of the heart rate variability (HRV). Standard Deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN), Root-Mean-Square of Successive Differences (rMSSD), Total Power (TP), Low Frequency (LF: 0.04~0.15 Hz) power, High Frequency (HF: 0.15-0.4 Hz) power, LF/HF ratio were used as the indices of the HRV. For a comparison of autonomic nervous functions and other variables, the subjects were divided into three fatigue groups based on the FSS score as follows: low (N=31), moderate (N=33), high (N=18) fatigue groups.
RESULTS
There were no significant differences in age, blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index, alcohol consumption, or regular exercise except for the smoking history among the groups. In addition, there were no significant differences in the time domain analysis (SDNN, rMSSD) of HRV among the groups. Spectral analysis of the HRV showed that the mean amplitudes of the HF and LF component were lower in the high fatigue group, whereas there was no significant difference in the LF/HF ratio among the fatigue groups. There were no significant differences in the HRV indices between the smoking and non-smoking groups. No significant interacting effects between the severity of fatigue and smoking on the HRV were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
The association between severe fatigue and the reduced high and low frequency components of the HRV in middle-aged male workers reflects a dysregulation of the cardiac autonomous control. Although the pathophysiological mechanism of this association remains unclear, these results might explain their increased risk for cardiovascular disease. However, these effects need to be confirmed through a well-designed prospective study.

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Sung-Soo Choi, Gyoung Wan Kim
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(4): 433. CrossRef
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Original Article

The Relationship between Heart Rate Variability and Metabolic Syndrome at a Rural Area: Kyoung Bok Min, Jin Young Min, Kyung Hee Jung-Choi, Hyung Joon Jhun, Sung Il Cho, Domyung Paek; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(4):459-466. Published online December 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.4.459

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and to investigate the relation between metabolic syndrome and heart rate variability in a community population.
METHODS
The study design was cross-sectional, and 1028 subjects, aged 20~87 years, were recruited. Heart rate variability was measured in the sitting position for five minutes. The recorded data were assessed by time-domain (standard deviation of RR interval) and frequencydomain analysis. All subjects were examined for five components of metabolic syndrome.
RESULTS
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in male and female subjects was 25.9% and 27.7%, respectively. The mean value of heart rate variability of the subjects was significantly different between healthy subjects and those with metabolic syndrome. The regression model showed that metabolic syndrome was negatively correlated with heart rate variability.
CONCLUSIONS
The results demonstrate that metabolic syndrome has potentially negative effects on the cardiovascular system, and that these effects could be detected by heart rate variability. Follow-up studies able to control the cohort effect are necessary to evaluate the relation between metabolic syndrome and heart rate variability.

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Original Article

Job Stress, Heart Rate Variability and Metabolic Syndrome: Sei Jin Chang, Sang Baek Koh, Hong Ryul Choi, Jong Min Woo, Bong Suk Cha, Jong Ku Park, Yong Hee Chen, Ho Keun Chung; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(1):70-81. Published online March 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.1.70

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVE: A growing body of literature has documented that job stress is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, the pathophysiological mechanism of this association remains unclear. Therefore, we tried to elucidate the relationship between job stress, heart rate variability and metabolic syndrome.
METHOD
The study design was cross-sectional, and 169 industrial workers were recruited. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess the general characteristics and job characteristics (work demand, decision latitude). Heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded using SA-2000 (medi-core). HRV was assessed by time-domain and by frequency-domain analyses. Time domain analysis was performed for SDNN (Standard Deviation of NN interval), and spectral analysis for low-frequency (LF), high-frequency (HF) and total frequency power. Metabolic syndrome was defined on the basis of clustering of risk factors, when three or more of the following cardiovascular risk factors were included in the fifth quintile: glucose, systolic blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol (bottom quintile), triglyceride and waist-hip ratio.
RESULTS
The results showed that job characteristics were not associated with cardiovascular risk factors. The high strain group had a less favorable cardiovascular risk profile with higher levels of blood pressure, glucose, homocysteine, and clotting factor than the lower strain group (low strain+passive+active group), but the difference was not statistically significant. The SDNN of HRV was significantly lower in the high strain group than in the low strain group. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the low strain, passive, active and high strain groups was 9.7%, 13.9%, 14.9% and 23.8%, respectively. In the high strain group, the metabolic syndrome was significantly related to a decreased SDNN. However, we could not find a significant association in LF/HF ratio.
CONCLUSION
This result suggests that decreased HRV does not play a role in the development of disease; however, it can induce cardiovascular abnormalities or dysfunctions related to the onset of heart disease among high risk groups.

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Original Article

The Association of Carbon Disulfide Poisoning with Heart Rate Variability: Hyung Joon Jhun, Sang Hyuk Yim, Do Myung Paek; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(1):48-56. Published online March 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.1.48

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
Mass poisoning by carbon disulfide (CS2) occurred in a viscose rayon factory in Korea. Up until 1998, 830 employees, including 38 who had died, were diagnosed with CS2 poisoning. Among the CS2 poisoned subjects, heart rate variability (HRV) was evaluated to investigate whether the toxic effect of CS2 persists after the exposure has ceased. The dose-response relationship between carbon disulfide exposure and HRV was also evaluated.
METHODS
The case group was comprised of 71 retired male workers diagnosed as being CS2 poisoned. The control group was comprised of 127 males of same age-range who had no history of CS2 exposure and cardiovascular diseases. Information on individual age, height, weight, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, medical and occupational history, chest x-ray, and ECG recording of the two groups were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and with a medical examination. Time (maximum, average, minimum RR interval) and frequency domain measures (low frequency - LF, high frequency - HF, total power spectrum TPS, and LF/HF ratio) of the two groups were analyzed. CS2 exposure indices of the case group (duration of employment, exposure level per work department, cumulative exposure index and duration of retirement) were investigated.
RESULTS
Using a univariate analysis, the frequency domain measures for the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group, except for HF. In the multivariate analysis, previous history of CS2 poisoning was inversely related to all frequency domain parameters and it significantly affected the LF (p<0.05) and the LF/HF ratio (p<0.05). There was no significant dose-response relationship between CS2 exposure indices and HRV parameters in the case group.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that further studies are necessary to evaluate the residual effects of CS2 poisoning even after the CS2 exposure has ceased.

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Original Article

The Effects of Job Stress on the Autonomic Nerve Activity of Workers in Manufacturing Industry: Ki Jung Yoon, Mi Na Ha, Jai Young Kim, Sang Yun Lee, Hyoung June Im, Ae Sun Shin, Seung Sik Hwang, Jeong Soo Kim, Dae Hee Kang, Soo Hun Cho; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(3):280-287. Published online September 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.3.280

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVE: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relationships between autonomic nerve activity (i.e., heart rate variability and urinary catecholamines) and job stress.
METHODS
The study was conducted on 134 workers from a company producing consumer goods (i.e., diaper, paper towel) located in Cheonan, Korea. Job stress was assessed by Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Autonomic function was assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) and urinary catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Urine samplings, and measurings of HRV, were repeated three times for each shift. Information on demographic characteristics, previous job histories, past medical history, smoking and drinking were also collected.
RESULTS
No statistically significant differences were observed in any HRV and urinary catecholamines among the four groups, which were categorized by the Job Strain Model. When data were stratified by work duration, low field HRV was borderline significantly higher in the high strain group in individuals with a shorter work duration (<48.5 months, N=28, p-value of 0.92 by analysis of variance).
CONCLUSIONS
Neither HRV nor urinary catecholamines are significantly associated with job stress, as assessed by the Karasek's JCQ. However, HRV seems to be a potential physiological indicator of job stress only in the workers with a shorter work duration.

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Original Article

Influence of Shiftwork Duration on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability in Short Rotating 8-hour Shiftworkers: Mi Na Ha, Jai Young Kim, Jung Sun Park, Ho Keun Chung; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001;13(2):180-189. Published online June 30, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2001.13.2.180

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate the chronic health effect of shiftwork on cardiovascular system.
METHODS
We checked blood pressure(BP) and heart rate variability(HRV) at every shift on 134 male workers whose shift type was 8-hour and short rotating of 3 days shift interval. As confoundings, job stress was measured by Karasek's JCQ 49 items questionnaire and circardian type was assessed by morningness-eveningness questionnaire. Smoking and alcohol drinking habit, marital status and past medical history were also acquired. We used the method of repeated measured data analysis with mixed model to show the association between shiftwork duration and BP or HRV.
RESULTS
Average age of workers was 29 years olds(range 25~44). Among them, 77.9 % were current smokers, 50 % were the passive type of job strain in Karasek's model. Mean shiftwork duration was 5.21 years(range 5.4 months~10 years). In circadian type, no one was definitely morning type or definitely evening type. In multivariate analyses adjusted by age, job strain, shift, circadian rhythm and smoking, blood pressure were showed significantly increasing trends according to shiftwork duration in both systolic and diastolic(p<0.05). Heart rate variability were also showed significantly decreasing trends according to shiftwork duration in both parasympathetic and sympathetic functions(p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this studs suggests the chronic negative health effect of shiftwork on cardiovascular system.

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Journal of Nutrition and Health.2016; 49(6): 495. CrossRef
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