Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Original Article

Comparison of Blood Pre-treatment Methods for Determining Erythrocyte Pyrimidine 5'-Nucleotidase Activity: Byung Hean Kim, Hae Joon Kim, Jae Wook Choi, Eunil Lee, Yong Tae Yum; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(4):565-578. Published online December 31, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.4.565

Abstract PDF: Sakai's method has been known as the simplest one for determination of erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase (P5N) activity using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). However the drawback of the method is that it is difficult to wash the erythrocyte for isolation. To search for the simpler method, we compared Sakai's method with other methods using whole blood treated with heparin and concanavalin A or whole blood treated with EDTA-2K instead of washing the erythrocyte. The mean concentrations of lead in blood samples collected from 44 male and 16 female workers who are healthy without any exposure to lead in their workplace were 4.30 +/- 1.31 microgram /dl (mean +/-standard deviation), which were measured by frameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Erythrocyte P5N activities were measured by 3 methods; Sakai's method(Method I), using whole blood treated with heparin and concanavalin A (Method II), and using whole blood treated with EDTA-2K (Method III). The results were obtained as follows ; 1. The mean of erythrocyte P5N activity by Sakai's method(Method I) were 12.7 +/-2.47 amole uridine/hr/gm of Hb. 2. The mean of erythrocyte P5N activity by the method using heparinized whole blood treated with concanavalin A(Method II) were 13.1 +/-2.41 micromole uridine/hr/gm of Hb. 3. The difference of mean erythrocyte P5N activity between Method I and Method was not significant. 4. The erythrocyte P5N activity by the method using whole blood treated with EDTA-2K (Method III) was significantly different from Method I. We thought that omission of incubation period which was required on Method III using EDTA-2K caused the difference between Method I and Method III. 5. Simple linear regression equation for erythrocyte P5N activity between Method I (Y) and Method II(X) was significant: Y = -0.012 + 0.9724 X. These results suggest that the method using whole blood treated with heparin and concanavalin A is simpler to examine the erythrocyte P5N activity as a biological indicator of lead intoxication than Sakai's method.

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Original Article

A Study on the Reference Value of Erythrocyte Pyrimidine 5'-Nueleotidase Activity: Jong Yeon Kim, Hae Joon Kim, Soung Hoon Chang, Kwang Jong Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(1):63-81. Published online February 28, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.1.63

Abstract PDF: For the purpose of determining the reference value of erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase (P5N) activity as a biological indicator to lead exposure, this study was conducted on the total of 225 healthy men who had not been exposed to lead occupationally, in July, 1994. The parameters selected in this study were age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, number of red blood cell, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular herloglobin concentration (MCHC), blood lead, and erythrocyte P5N activity. The blood lead concentrations were measured using a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and erythrocyte P5N activities by Sakai's simple method using a HPLC(1986). The results were obtaina as follows; 1. The distribution of blood lead concentrations revealed log-normal distribution, and geometric mean and standard deviation of blood lead were 4.09 microgram/dl and 1.55 microgram/dl, respectively. 2. The erythrocyte P5N activity showed normal distribution, and the mean and standard deviation of the erythroeyte P5N activity were 12.34 umole uridine/h/g Hb and 2.21 umole uridine/h/g Hb, respectively. 3. All of the selected variables including blood lead concentration did not affect the erythrocyte P5N activity. Although the erythrocyte P5N activities were negatively associated with blood lead level, the correlation coefficient was not statistically significant. 4. From the result of this study, 8.7 micromole uridine/h/g Hb was obtained as a reference value of erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase activity for the healthy adult male who had not been exposed to lead occupationally.

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Original Article

Changes of Cadmium in Blood and Urine of Cadmium Exposed Rats: Jung Duck Park, Mee Jung Kim, Byung Sun Choi, Yeon Pyo Hong, Im Won Chang; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(2):316-322. Published online September 30, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.2.316

Abstract PDF: The changes of Cadmium(Cd) in plasma, whole blood, erythrocyte and urine in Sprague-Dawley male rates exposed to intravenous single injection of 0.8 mg CdCl2/kg of body weight were investigated. Blood sample was taken at 0.5 to 672 hours, and 24 hour-urine was collected by using metabolic cage for the same period. The plasma level of Cd was reached to peak at 0.5 hour after injection and reduced rapidly in 1 hour. The Cd level in blood was the highest in plasma and the lowest in erythrocyte at 0.5 hour after injection. However, in one hour postinjection, the levels of Cd were higher in order of erythrocyte, whole blood and plasma, up to 4 weeks. The changes of urinary volume and creatinine were not significant between Cd-treated and saline-treated groups. However, urinary protein was slightly increased with time in Cd-treated group. Urinary Cd level was higher in Cd treated group than control. These results suggest that the measurement of Cd in erythrocyte and urine is valuable for the biological index to estimate recent Cd exposure.

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