Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Research Article

Association of phthalates and early menarche in Korean adolescent girls from Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015–2017: One Park, Jong-Tae Park, Youngchan Chi, Kyeongmin Kwak; Ann Occup Environ Med 2021;33:e4. Published online February 1, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2021.33.e4

Background

Phthalates are one of renowned endocrine-disrupting chemicals, although inconsistent results are present around their effect on onset of menarche. Our hypothesis is that pre-pubertal exposure to phthalates is associated with acceleration of menarche.

Methods

We analyzed a total of 236 middle school (7th to 9th grade) girls from Korean National Environmental Health Survey 2015–2017. We used multiple linear regression to investigate impact of eight phthalate metabolites on age of menarche. We also conducted logistic regression to evaluate association between phthalate metabolite concentrations and early onset of menarche, adjusting for grade, maternal age of menarche and body mass index (BMI).

Results

In linear regression analysis, no significant association was found for any phthalate metabolites. In logistic regression analysis, however, odds ratios (ORs) of early menarche were significantly increased for mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) and for sum of all phthalates. When compared to group with the lowest level, high concentration group for MnBP presented significantly increased odds of early menarche (OR: 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03, 4.23) after adjusting for grade, maternal age of menarche and BMI. Furthermore, high concentrations of sum of all phthalates were associated with significant increase of OR of early menarche (OR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.10, 4.49) after adjustment, compared to the lowest concentration group.

Conclusions

Results of our study suggest that exposure to phthalates around puberty may be associated with increased risk of early menarche.

Citations

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Yi-Chun Lin, Hung-Rong Yen, Chung-Hsing Wang, Yu-Chi Liao, Ro-Ting Lin
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Neighbourhood environment and early menarche among adolescent girls of five countries
Erdenetuya Bolormaa, Taemi Kim, Eunson Gwak, Seung-Ah Choe, Adriane Martin Hilber
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PFAS and Phthalate/DINCH Exposure in Association with Age at Menarche in Teenagers of the HBM4EU Aligned Studies
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Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Rania Mohsen, Eman El-Zohairy, Mona Mamdouh Hassan, Mokhtar Fathy, Mai Magdy, Shimaa Atef, Marwa Issak, Sarah Hamed N. Taha
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Research Article

Relationship between triclosan exposure and thyroid hormones: the Second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2012–2014): Na-Young Ha, Dae Hwan Kim, Ji Young Ryu; Ann Occup Environ Med 2019;31:e22. Published online September 5, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e22

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (triclosan) is used as an antiseptic and is a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical that can affect thyroid hormone levels. This study evaluated the relationship between triclosan exposure and thyroid hormones.

Methods

Data from the second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2012–2014) were analyzed. Triclosan exposure was evaluated using urinary triclosan concentrations and classified into 2 groups: ‘below detection (< limit of detection [LOD])’ vs. ‘detected (≥ LOD).’ Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between triclosan exposure and the serum thyroid hormone concentrations, adjusting for age, body mass index, urinary creatinine, and smoking status.

Results

When grouped by sex, triclosan exposure was positively associated with the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in females with marginal significance (β = 0.066, p = 0.058). However, no significant association was identified between triclosan exposure and serum total triiodothyronine and thyroxine in both males and females, and TSH in males.

Conclusions

This study is the first human study to evaluate the relationship between triclosan exposure and serum thyroid hormone concentrations in the Korean population. There was suggestive positive association between triclosan exposure and the serum TSH in females. Further studies need to evaluate the relationship between long-term exposure to low-dose triclosan and thyroid hormones.

Citations

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