Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Research Article

Cardiovascular disease risk differences between bus company employees and general workers according to the Korean National Health Insurance Data: Ji-Hoo Yook, Dong-Wook Lee, Min-Seok Kim, Yun-Chul Hong; Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:32. Published online May 8, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0242-z

Background

Bus drivers are known to be highly at risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we assessed the cardiovascular disease prevalence of bus company employees in Seoul, South Korea, and compared the results to those of general workers.

Methods

We analyzed the 2014 Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) data and defined hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease based on the KCD-6 medical diagnoses. We used bus company employees as surrogate participants of bus drivers due to the characteristics of Korean NHI data. We identified bus company employees in Seoul based on one’s workplace which the insurance is registered. The prevalence of five diseases was compared between the bus company employees and general workers. We also calculated the odds ratios (OR) of five diseases between the bus company employees and general workers. To compensate the vast demographical differences between the two groups, we performed propensity score matching.

Results

Bus company employees have higher OR for having hypertension (OR 1.33, 95% CI: 1.28–1.39), diabetes mellitus (1.14, 95% CI: 1.08–1.22), and dyslipidemia (1.23, 95% CI: 1.17–1.29) than the general workers or propensity score matched controls. However, the OR of having ischemic heart disease were not significant. The OR of cerebrovascular disease were lower in bus company employees than in the general workers after adjusting the covariates, but similar in the propensity score matched model.

Conclusion

This study showed that the ORs of cardiovascular disease risk factors are high in bus company employees when compared to the general working population. Further studies with the longitudinal design should be conducted to confirm the causal association.

Citations

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Original Article

A Study on the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Depressive Symptoms among Korean Industrial Service Employees: Soo Youn Kim, Sei Jin Chang, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Jae Hoon Roh; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(3):227-235. Published online September 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.3.227

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was designed to identify the relationship between emotional labor and depressive symptoms among Korean industrial service employees.
METHODS
The case group consisted of 331 employees who were performing emotional labor at department stores, hotels, and family restaurants in Seoul. The control group in this study consisted of 150 employees (90 officers in Seoul and 60 manufacturing workers in Incheon) who were not expected to perform emotional labor. A structured questionnaire was used to estimate each participants level of emotional labor, general characteristics, job content, job satisfaction, and any depressive symptoms. The measurements for emotional labor were performed only on the case group and not the control group.
RESULTS
While the mean values of job satisfaction, job insecurity, and the level of depressive symptoms of the employees who were working in the area of emotional labor were higher than the others, the mean values of job demand, and job control in the same group were lower than those who were not performing emotional labor. Overall, it was found that performing emotional labor and having high levels of job insecurity were related to increased depressive symptoms, and conversely, job satisfaction played a role in reducing depressive symptoms. Similarly, in the sub-sample of the emotional labor group, high levels of job insecurity, and performing high degrees of emotional labor, and low job satisfaction were associated with depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that performing emotional labor is related to an increase in depressive symptoms. In other words, involuntary emotional expression and low job satisfaction in the workplace may influence the level of depressive symptoms in workers. It is, therefore, imperative that further research be undertaken, which considers the importance of emotional labor, and its adverse effect on the mental health of service workers.

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Ju Jong Lee, Hyun Jey Moon, Kyung-Jae Lee, Joo Ja Kim
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Kyung-Ok Kim, Young-Chae Cho
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Gey-Pyo Kim, Ji-Young Lee, Byeng-Chul Yu
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Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S87. CrossRef

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Original Article

Incidence of Abnormal Liver Function and Risk Factors in Male Employees: Young Ae Ha, Kyeong Dong Chung, Byung Yeol Chun; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(1):59-69. Published online March 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.1.59

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to estimate the incidence of abnormal liver function and risk factors in male employees of an industry in Ulsan City.
METHODS
Five hundreds and seventy nine male employees were selected as the study cohort and 533(92.1%) of them were followed after one year. The blood sample was collected to test for AST, ALT, gamma-GTP, total-cholesterol, fasting blood sugar and a self-administered questionnaire on life style was done. General characteristics(age, marital status, educational level), job department, exposure status for organic solvents, life style(alcohol, smoking, exercise, diet), past history of liver disease, family history of liver disease, drug intake, HBsAg, blood glucose, total-cholesterol were considered as risk factors. The result of liver function test after 1 year follow-up was treated as dependent variable. The operational definition of abnormal liver function was as follows; those who had abnormal liver functions in the two repeated tests with one month interval.
RESULTS
The annual incidence of abnormal liver function was 9.6 per 100 and age-standardized incidence was 9.5. BMI, alcohol, past history of liver disease, and meat intake were significantly related to the incidence(p<0.05). In multiple logistic regression analysis, BMI(RR=2.70, 95% CI=1.41-5.16) and alcohol(RR=1.98, 95% CI=1.08-3.60) were proved as the significant variables. By stratified analysis considering changing pattern of alcohol and BMI, the relative risk of the BMI normal-normal and alcohol intake high-high group was 2.24(95% CI=1.09-4.62) and that of the BMI obese-obese and alcohol intake high-high group was 5.66(95% CI=2.69-11.88) compared with that of BMI normal-normal and alcohol intake low-low group.
CONCLUSIONS
The age-standardized annual incidence of abnormal liver function was 9.5 per 100 in male employees. Thus, an active effort for reducing alcohol intake and controlling BMI should be done to reduce the incidence.

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Original Article

Demand of Work-site Health Promotion Program for Employees: Joong Sun Yoo, Seok Beom Kim, Pock Soo Kang; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(2):239-248. Published online September 30, 1996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.2.239

Abstract PDF

This study was conducted to identify the demand of work-site health promotion program of employees. A self-administered questionnaire method was uses to collect data from 492 employees from 40 work-sites in Taegu City and Kyungpook Provincial area. The work-site health screening programs conducted for several years were placed low value by employees. The out-door exercise was the most popular heath promotion activity implemented at work-site as a whole. The employees expressed that periodic health check-up, the health counseling, indoor exercise would be implemented as a health promotion program in the future. The male employees regarded that the periodic health check-up program should be established preferentially at work-site. However, the female employees gave priority to fitness program. The health related behavioral patterns slightly influenced the preference of health promotion program. The health screening program for employees should be improved and the health education of nutrition and diet for female employees should be implemented.

Citations

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Recognition and Satisfaction of National Oral Examination for Workers in Incheon and Daejeon
Hye-Mi Jang, Soo-Jeong Hwang
Journal of dental hygiene science.2014; 14(4): 516. CrossRef

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Original Article

A Study on Possibility of Special Health Examination to the Hospital Employees: Su Ill Lee, Byung Mann Cho, Bong Soo Cho, Young Wook Kirn, Kwang Wook Koh, Nam Chool Moon, Joo Won Kirn; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(2):191-200. Published online September 30, 1996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.2.191

Abstract PDF: This study was performed to decide the possibility of special health examination to the hospital employees. We carried out questionnaire survey for 830 subjects at 2 general hospitals located in Pusan city. The summary of this study are as follows. 1. Above 10% of total hospital employees were replied that they exposed to 16 hazard items, such as dust, noise, stress and etc. Among them, over 50% of hospital employees exposed to dust(69.8%), noise(52.3%), stress(60.1%). And hospital employees exposed to alcoholic disinfectant(41.3%), radiation(34.6%), drug(33.3%), VDT(25.2%), and aldehyde(18.7%) also. 2. 63% of the hospital employees replied that there were hazardous factors in hospital environments, and 80% insisted the necessity for hospital environment measuring. 35.7% of respondents replied that they had never taken the education about hazardous factors. 35.7% of the total respondents answered that they didn't use protective equipment when exposed to hazardous factors. And 48.6% answered they took periodic health examination. Only 7.2% replied that ventilation condition of office room was proper. As shown in above results, hospital employees are exposed to various hazards, and turn out neglecting to health problems caused these hazardous factors. So at first, it is necessary to measuring hospital working environment, and then will be decided the possibility of special health examination to the hospital employees.

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