Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Original Article

Incidence of Dimethylacetamide Induced Toxic Liver Injury among Workers in a Synthetic Fiber Manufacturing Company: Yong Seok Jang, Seong Yong Yoon, Seong Yong Jo, Tae Sung Choi, Jay Young Yoo, Kuck Hyun Woo, Bong Goo Ha, Sang Jae Jung, Byung Yeol Chun, Jin Seok Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2006;18(3):246-254. Published online September 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.3.246

OBJECTIVES
The main goal of this study was to find the incidence of the dimethylacetamide (DMAc) induced toxic liver injury among workers who were exposed to DMAc for about 5 years in a synthetic fiber factory.
METHODS
In our investigation, total 1,021 workers had been exposed to DMAc from 1st February, 2000 to 30th June, 2004. Among them, 24 workers who had initial abnormal hepatic enzyme level or was viral hepatitis B carrier were excluded. Finally, 997 DMAc exposed workers were followed up for their incidence of toxic liver injury. To find out DMAc induced toxic liver injury case, we carried out regular examinations including liver enzyme tests such as AST and ALT.
RESULTS
We followed up 997 workers and among them 72 cases coincided with our case definition. Incidence density method was 6.05 per 100 person-year. and, a cumulative incidence by life table method was 0.0965 within a year. The incidence of the DMAc-induced toxic liver injury peaked at 4 to 5 in weeks after employment. There was no toxic liver injury case within second week after exposure to DMAc. Five new cases developed in 2th to 3th week, 25 cases in 4th to 5th week, 14 cases in 6th to 7th week, 12 cases in 8th to 9th week, 5 cases in 10th to 11th week, 4 cases in 12th to 13th week, 4 cases in 14th to 15th week, 1 case in 16th to 17th week, 1 case in 30th to 31th week, and there was one case in 48th to 49th week.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence rate of toxic liver injury was considerably high during the 1st year after a worker is placed. So it is needed to take careful monitoring of hepatic enzyme level for newly exposed worker.

Citations

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Original Article

Toxic Hepatitis Induced by Occupational Dimethylacetamide Exposure: Tae Sung Choi, Kuck Hyeun Woo, Jin Seok Kim, Wan Seup Park, Jung Ho Ham, Sang Je Jung, Jae Young Yu; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001;13(2):164-170. Published online June 30, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2001.13.2.164

Abstract PDF

Dimethylacetamide is widely used in the production of plastics, resins, synthetic fibers, and gums and in purification and crystallization processes. Inhalation of the vapor or skin absorption of the liquid of dimethylacetamide(DMAC) can cause liver damage. Toxic hepatitis possibly attributable to DMAC exposure occurred in seven works among 178 employees who had worked on a new spandex-fiber production line. A large amount of DMAC is used as a spinning solvent for synthetic fibers in the factory. The patients were aged 23-47 years old and composed of five males and two females. They were involved in the process of polymerization(1 patient), spinning(1), take-up(4) and packaging(1). The mean duration of exposure was 10 weeks. They experienced fatigue, dizziness and jaundice. The patients showed elavated total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels. The serologic test for viral hepatitis A, B and C were negative, as were the abdominal ultrasonographic scans. Based on the presumptive diagnosis of DMAC-induced toxic hepatitis, they were removed from the workplaces. One or two months after removal from the work, the transaminase levels returned to normal. The patients had no history of significant alcohol use, blood transfusion, recent medication, and drug abuse. As a result, authors could not find any attributable cause of toxic hepatitis but the toxicity by DMAC exposure.

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