Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Review

A work-relatedness assessment in epidemiological case investigation of occupational cancers: I. Principles: Kihun Kim, Jungwon Kim; Ann Occup Environ Med 2020;32:e30. Published online September 1, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e30

It is important to identify the causal relationship between occupational exposure and the disease in the area of compensation because most cancers have long latent period. This review presents the principles that should be considered when evaluating the work-relatedness. We reviewed reports on occupational cancers published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, National Toxicology Program, Environmental Protection Agency, European Union, which are the world's most prestigious organizations. In addition, we reviewed relevant papers and books published in Korea. The process is conducted in the order of cancer diagnosis, exposure assessment for carcinogens, and work-relatedness assessment. The probability of causation is determined stochastically rather than deterministically. There is no absolute standard for accreditation criteria and results may vary according to expert opinions and in each country or organization. Revealing the causal relationship of occupational cancers is a difficult process owing to inconsistency in relevant epidemiological studies, lack of well-established biological mechanisms, loss of objective occupational historical data, and other complexity of individual cases. Causation is unclear in many cases. Nevertheless, the data should be reviewed in detail for each case suspected of work-related cancers, and an assessment should be made through valid and plausible logic and literature evidences.

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Technetium-99m hand perfusion scintigraphy (Raynaud’s scan) as a method of verification in hand arm vibration syndrome: a review
Taewoong Ha, Hyeoncheol Oh, Jungwon Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Research Article

The relationship between night work and breast cancer: Hye-Eun Lee, Jongin Lee, Tae-Won Jang, In-Ah Kim, Jungsun Park, Jaechul Song; Ann Occup Environ Med 2018;30:11. Published online February 6, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-018-0221-4

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Background

Since the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified shift work that involves circadian disruption as “probably carcinogenic to humans,” there has been growing concern on the relationship between night work and breast cancer. In Korea, about 10–15% of workers are engaged in night-shift work, and breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. The purpose of this study was to review epidemiologic evidence on the relationship between night work and breast cancer.

Methods

We reviewed 21 original articles and 5 meta analyses on relationship between nightwork and breast cancer, and investigated the compensation criteria of Denmark.

Results

The association between breast cancer and night work has been reported by numerous epidemiologic studies, including cohort studies, case-control studies, and meta-analysis. However, a dose-response relationship has not clearly emerged among workers exposed to less than 20 years of night work.

Conclusion

Although there are some limitations to the epidemiological studies so far, further consideration of breast cancer cases in patients with high exposure to night work is needed to assess breast cancer as a work-related disease.

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Dong Joon Park, Sungkyun Park, Seong Won Ma, Hoekyeong Seo, Sang Gil Lee, Kyung-Eun Lee
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Breast Cancer Incidence among Female Workers by Different Occupations and Industries: A Longitudinal Population-Based Matched Case–Control Study in Taiwan
Cheng-Ting Shen, Hui-Min Hsieh, Yun-Shiuan Chuang, Chih-Hong Pan, Ming-Tsang Wu
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Night Work and Breast Cancer Risk in Nurses: Multifactorial Risk Analysis
Juan Gómez-Salgado, Javier Fagundo-Rivera, Mónica Ortega-Moreno, Regina Allande-Cussó, Diego Ayuso-Murillo, Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
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Night-shift work duration and breast cancer risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
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Exposure to Radiation During Work Shifts and Working at Night Act as Occupational Stressors Alter Redox and Inflammatory Markers
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Women's health and night shift work: Potential targets for future strategies in breast cancer (Review)
Giusi Briguglio, Chiara Costa, Michele Teodoro, Federica Giambò, Sebastiano Italia, Concettina Fenga
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Sarah Gehlert, Mark Clanton
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Yoko YOSHINAGA, Hirokazu TANAKA, Koji WADA, Shunya IKEDA
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Michael E. Jones, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Emily C. McFadden, Lauren B. Wright, Louise E. Johns, Anthony J. Swerdlow
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BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Expression: Diurnal Variability and Influence of Shift Work
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Sex Differences in the Association between Night Shift Work and the Risk of Cancers: A Meta-Analysis of 57 Articles
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Original Articles

Characteristics of Occupational Lung Cancer from 1999 to 2005: Jung Wook Lim, So Young Park, Byung Soon Choi; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(3):230-239. Published online September 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.3.230

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of occupational lung cancer.
METHODS
We analyzed the characteristics of 53 occupational lung cancer cases among 128 lung cancer cases applied for industrial accident compensation insurance benefits and referred for the decision of work-relatedness between 1999 and 2005. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test on 128 lung cancer cases.
RESULTS
The age of diagnosis, smoking history, and cell type of lung cancer cases were not significantly different between 53 cases of occupational lung cancer and 75 cases of non-occupational lung cancer (p>.05). Here is a list of occupational lung cancer case numbers associated with certain carcinogens were: 33(62.3%) cases with asbestos, 23(43.4%) cases with polycyclic aromatic hydro carbon (PAH), 17 cases(32.1%) with chromium VI (Oxidation state), 14 cases(26.4%) with crystalline silica, 12 cases (22.6%) with nickel compounds, 2 cases(3.8%) with radon daughters, and 1 case(1.9%) with arsenic. Eighteen cases(34.0%) of occupational lung cancer had exposures to a single carcinogen, and 35 cases (66.0%) had exposures to more than 2 carcinogens. Job types associated with occupational lung cancer cases were: 16 cases(30.2%) with maintenance, 13 cases(24.5%) with welding; 6 cases(11.3%) with grinding; 4 cases(7.5%) with foundry; 3 cases(5.7%) with driving, casting, and painting' and 14 cases (26.4%) with 'other'.
CONCLUSIONS
This study identified the characteristics of occupational lung cancer through the analysis of the age of diagnosis, smoking history, cell type, job, and carcinogen. There is no difference between occupational lung cancer and non-occupational lung cancer except exposure to the carcinogens. these results indicate that past exposure to occupational carcinogens remains an important determinant of occupational lung cancer occurrence.

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Jun-Pyo Myong, Younmo Cho, Min Choi, Hyoung-Ryoul Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Radiologic Diagnosis of Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer
Yoon Kyung Kim, Jeung Sook Kim, Yookyung Kim
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2015; 73(6): 347. CrossRef
Compensation for Occupational Cancer
Inah Kim, Eun-A Kim, Jae Young Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2014; 29(Suppl): S40. CrossRef
Occupational Cancers with Chemical Exposure and their Prevention in Korea: A Literature Review
Kyung-Taek Rim
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2013; 14(6): 3379. CrossRef

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Concepts of Occupational Exposure Limit and Their International Comparisons: Kyung Sim Koh, Soo Hun Cho; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1995;7(1):152-168. Published online February 28, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1995.7.1.152

Abstract PDF: This paper focuses on the origin of the concepts of occupational exposure limit, and traces the history and development of thoughts and regislations of various countries and organizations concerning the founding principles upon which it is based. The concepts of establishing standards for occupational chemicals in workplace air constitute a social consensus or agreement about acceptable levels of occupational hygiene. The level of scientific development of a country and the discussion of experts in the field of occupational health play an important role. The physician in occurational health has to be especially concerned to discover and estimate the risks to anyone particularly susceptible to exposures within the hygienically acceptable conditions.

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