Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Volume 19 (4); December 2007

Original Articles

The Association of Health Risks with Absenteeism and Presenteeism: Seung Won Oh, Ki Taig Jung, Ji Young Park; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(4):304-314. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.4.304

OBJECTIVES
This study sought to provide evidence for the relationship between health risks and selfreported absenteeism and presenteeism.
METHODS
A cross-sectional analysis of 496 employees of an electric company was conducted. Participants responded to a self-questionnaire including the assessment of 7 health risks (obesity, current smoking, problem drinking, lack of exercise, chronic disease, depressive mood, high stress) and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment - General Health Questionnaire (WPAI-GH). Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the significance of health risks on work impairment.
RESULTS
As a result of the analysis of all the participants, problem drinking (absenteeism) and high stress (absenteeism and presenteeism) were significantly associated with work impairment. In the analysis of a sub-group, current smoking (presenteeism), lack of exercise (absenteeism), and high stress (presenteeism and absenteeism) were significantly associated with reduced productivity among the blue-collar workers. However, the analysis of the white-collar workers showed no significant relationship between health risks and work impairment.
CONCLUSIONS
This investigation suggests that employees who have more health risks will experience more absenteeism and presenteeism than employees with fewer risks, and this association is affected by employment type.

Citations

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A Structural Equation Model on Health Status in Delivery Workers: Based on the Theory of Salutogenesis
Min Ji Kim, Eun Suk Choi
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2023; 34: 228. CrossRef
Influences of presenteeism of clinical dental hygienists
Min Kyoung Hye, Min Hee Hong
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2021; 45(2): 82. CrossRef
Factors Associated With the Presenteeism of Single-Person Household Employees in Korea
Deulle Min, Su Jeong Lee
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.2021; 63(9): 808. CrossRef
Association between employment status and sickness presenteeism among Korean employees: a cross-sectional study
Jeong Woo Park, Seong Sik Cho, JongWoo Lee, Jonghyun Hwang, Jung Il Kim, Byoung Gwon Kim, Young Seoub Hong
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessing the Association Between Emotional Labor and Presenteeism Among Nurses in Korea: Cross-sectional Study Using the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey
Sung Won Jung, June-Hee Lee, Kyung-Jae Lee
Safety and Health at Work.2020; 11(1): 103. CrossRef
Association of discrimination and presenteeism with cardiovascular disease: the Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey
Kyusung Kim, Sung-il Cho, Domyung Paek
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between job-related stress and experience of presenteeism among Korean workers stratified on the presence of depression
Jihyun Kim, Yeong-Kwang Kim, Sung-Ho Leem, Jong-Uk Won
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
The Relationship between Job Stress and Organizational Effectiveness for Office Workers
Yoo-Mi Chae, Jeong-bae Rhie, Sook Lee
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(7): 389. CrossRef
Influences of Working Conditions and Health Status on Absence due to Sickness in Health and Medical related Workers
Yoonjeong Lee, Hyun-Li Kim
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(3): 216. CrossRef
The Impacts of Job Stress and Job Embeddedness on Presenteeism among Container Terminal Workers
Ji Hyun Lee, Eun Kyung Choi, Hyang Ok Oh, Hye Kyung Moon, Sang Min Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2016; 27(1): 31. CrossRef
Work-related stress and depressive symptoms among dental hygienists
Mi-Young Kwon, Ji Hyun Kim
Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene.2015; 15(5): 917. CrossRef
A Study on the Presenteeism of Call Center Workers in the Customer Service Business
Myung-Hee Jung, Hye-Sun Jung
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2015; 24(2): 142. CrossRef
The Relationships between Emotional Labour, Depressive Symptoms and Presenteeism among Counselors in Call Centers
Jong-Tae Baek, Young-Chae Cho
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(6): 4086. CrossRef
Effects of Fire Fighters' Absence Ergonomics Risk Factor Exposer
Seo-Yeon Choi, Dong-Hyun Park
Journal of the Korea Safety Management and Science.2014; 16(3): 101. CrossRef
Effect of Workplace Health Manager's Role Performance on Presenteeism in the Workers
Myung-Hee Jung, Hye-Sun Jung, Bok-Im Lee
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(2): 171. CrossRef

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The Relationship between Occupational Stress and Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Call Center Employees: Jongwan Yoon, Kyungjin Yi, Sooyoung Kim, Janggyun Oh, Jungtack Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(4):293-303. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.4.293

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
An era of deindustrialization has begun in Korea after the industrial development that occurred up until the 1990's. Post industrialization dictates the development of the service industry and information technology with the associated musculoskeletal disorders in such industries. The association between musculoskeletal symptoms and psychosocial factors has been investigated by several researchers. The aims of this study was to characterize the relationship between musculoskeletal symptoms and psychosocial factors including occupational stress and depressive symptoms, and to provide basic data to group health practices for the prevention of musculoskeletal symptoms in the service industry.
METHODS
Musculoskeletal symptoms, depressive symptoms and occupational stress were surveyed in 311 female call center employees. The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, depressive symptoms and occupational stress scores were assessed. The odds ratio of the high risk occupational stress group into musculoskeletal symptom group was assessed in an effort to determine the associations between occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of musculoskeletal and depressive symptoms was 53.7% and 20.6% respectively. The high risk occupational stress group of the total scores (p=0.049), physical environment (p=0.022), job demand (p=0.014) and interpersonal conflict (p=0.032) to musculoskeletal symptom were significant. The depression group was also significant (p=0.015). The adjusted odds ratio of the high risk stress group into the musculoskeletal symptom group inclusion was 1.687 (95% CI; 1.014~2.808) for the physical environment, and 1.948 (95% CI; 1.031-3.683) for depression.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, the relationship between musculoskeletal symptom and the psychosocial factors was not significant. Only the physical environmental stress factor and depression showed marginal significance, which suggests the possibility of an increased risk of musculoskeletal symptoms. However, since the group in this study was a homogeneous occupational population, further study with a reference group will be needed.

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The Relationship Between Musculoskeletal Injuries and Stress Load in Emergency Medical Staff of Hamadan Province in 2019
Mohamad Mehdi Sahraei, Mehdi Molavi Verdanjani, Alireza Soltanian, Mahnaz Khatiban
Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care.2021; 29(1): 23. CrossRef
The Association of Workplace Psychosocial Factors and Musculoskeletal Pain Among Korean Emotional Laborers
Kiook Baek, Seonhee Yang, Miyoung Lee, Insung Chung
Safety and Health at Work.2018; 9(2): 216. CrossRef
Perceived work-related psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal disorders complaints among call centre workers in India–a cross sectional study
Vidhya Venugopal, Nafeesa MAC, Anbu Vijayalakshmi P, Rajkumar P
MOJ Anatomy & Physiology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Job Stress and Mental Health of Female Household Head Workers
Hyung Seon Kim, Min Kwon, Jinhwa Lee
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(4): 249. CrossRef
The Influence of Job Stress and Calling on the Organizational Commitment of Nurses: Focused on Clinical Nurses at University Hospitals in Busan
Moon-Jeong Kim, Yu-Mi Lee
The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2016; 10(3): 27. CrossRef
A Study on the Relationship between Fatigue Level, Job Stress and Quality of Life for Workers
Yunyoung Kim, Hye-Sun Hyun, Jong Hyang Yoo
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 372. CrossRef
Gender Differences in Factors Affecting Musculoskeletal Diseases among the Korean Workers
RahIl Hwang, Kyung Ha Kim, Min Hyun Suk, Sung Won Jung
Journal of muscle and joint health.2014; 21(1): 65. CrossRef
A Study on the Cognitive Coping Strategies by Job Stress Level of Call Center Workers
Jung-Im Kim, Soon-Lae Kim, Jin-Hwa Lee
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(3): 257. CrossRef
Relationship between occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms of upper extremities among dental hygienists
So-Young Lee, Hyo-Jin Ko, Byeng-Chul Yu
Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene.2012; 12(5): 897. CrossRef
Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms and Related Factors among Male Workers in Small-scale Manufacturing Industries
Seung-Hyun Lee, Ju-Yeon Lee, Young-Chae Cho
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(9): 4025. CrossRef
Job stress and musculoskeletal diseases
Dong Mug Kang, Young Ki Kim, Jong Eun Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2011; 54(8): 851. CrossRef
Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Firefighters
Seong-Kyu Kang, Wook Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2008; 51(12): 1111. CrossRef

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Bone and Blood Lead Levels of Middle Aged Koreans not Occupationally Exposed to Lead: Nam Soo Kim, Sung Woo Choi, Jin Ho Kim, Jung O Ham, Hae Yoon Park, Kyu Dong Ahn, Byung Kook Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(4):285-292. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.4.285

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
In order to investigate the level and the association between bone lead and blood lead levels of non-occupationally, lead-exposed Koreans, the authors studied the lead biomarkers of 137 middle aged Koreans (86 males and 51 females) older than whose age were above 40 years.
METHODS
The tibia lead level was selected as the bone lead indicator of cortical bone, and the blood lead level was also measured. The tibia lead level was measured by K-shell XRF with 30-minute measurement of each subjects. The blood lead level was analyzed by AAS method.
RESULTS
The mean (SD) of the tibia lead level of the 137 study subjects was 3.49 (4.99) microgram/g, and tended to be higher. The mean (SD) of tibia lead level in male subjects (was 3.90 (4.88) microgram/g) and larger than in that of female subjects (2.80 (5.14) microgram/g), but without no statistical significance was observed. The mean (SD) of blood lead level of all total subjects was 3.70 (1.35)microgram/dl, and tended to be higher. The mean (SD) of blood lead level in male subjects (was 3.93 (1.25) microgram/dl) and larger than in that of female subjects (3.30 (1.42) microgram/dl), but without no statistical significance was observed. In multiple regression analysis of blood lead levels after adjusting for covariates, age was a significant independent variable. A weak association of age with tibia lead in female subjects was also observed in multiple regression analysis.
CONCLUSION
The mean (SD) of tibia and blood lead levels of middle aged Koreans whose ages were over 40 years old were 3.49 (4.99) microgram/g and 3.70 (1.35) microgram/dl, respectively. Age and sex were positive predictors of blood lead level in multiple regression analysis after controlling for the covariates. However, in multiple regression analysis whereas age was weakly association with tibia lead level only in female subjects in multiple regression analysis.

Citations

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Blood lead concentration and related factors in Korea from the 2008 National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in the Human Body
Seong Wook Jeong, Chae Kwan Lee, Chun Hui Suh, Kun Hyung Kim, Byung Chul Son, Jeong Ho Kim, Jong Tae Lee, Soo Woong Lee, Yeong Beom Park, Jong Wha Lee, Seung-Do Yu, Chan Seok Moon, Dae Hwan Kim, Sang Yoon Lee
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2014; 217(8): 871. CrossRef
National estimates of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury levels in the Korean general adult population
Nam-Soo Kim, Byung-Kook Lee
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2011; 84(1): 53. CrossRef

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The Etiologic Fraction of Isocyanate-related Asthma in Isocyanate-exposed Workers: Yeon Soon Ahn, Dong Hee Koh, Ki Tae Moon; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(4):276-284. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.4.276

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
Isocyanate-induced asthma is the most prevalent occupational asthma in Korea. The main purpose of this study was to estimate the etiologic fraction of isocyanate-related asthma in isocyanateexposed (EFe) workers and to measure the magnitude of preventable occupational asthma.
METHODS
Asthma admissions from 2000 to 2005 were analyzed in a cohort containing 10,861 isocyanate-exposed workers and 324,618 isocyanate non-exposed workers who underwent the specialized health examination from January, 2000 to December, 2004. The cohorts of Isocyanate and noise-exposed workers were established using the same data base of Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA). Asthma admissions were investigated by matching the National Health Insurance Claim Data (NHICD). The standardized rate ratio (SRR) of admission was estimated by Poisson regression method to allow unbiased comparisons across exposure and other variables such as age and sex. The etiologic fraction for the isocyanate-exposed (EFe) workers was calculated using this formula (Efe=SRR-1/SRR).
RESULTS
Twenty-eight asthma admissions among the isocyanate-exposed workers and 321 non-exposed workers were observed during 2000~2005. The crude admission rate was 57.2 per 100,000 person-years for the isocyanate-exposed workers and 25.0 for the noise-exposed workers. Compared to the noiseexposed workers, the isocyante-exposed workers had significantly higher asthma admission (SRR=2.80 95%CI=1.89~4.14). The etiologic fraction for the isocyanate-exposed (EFe) workers was 64%.
CONCLUSIONS
This study was limited by the restriction to admission cases and the short follow-up periods. Any difference of admission accessibility between the isocyanate-exposed and non-exposed workers will lead to either over- or under-estimation of the biased etiologic fraction for the isocyanateexposed workers. The etiologic fraction for the isocyanate-exposed workers was 64% indicated that 64% of the asthma cases occurred in the isocyanate-exposed workers are preventable through occupational health management.

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Association Study of NDFIP2 Genetic Polymorphism with Asthma in the Korean Population
Eun Hye Choi, Dahyun Hwang
The Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2021; 53(3): 249. CrossRef

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Mercury Concentrations of Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood in Korean Pregnant Women: Preliminary Study: Kyung Eun Lee, Young Seoub Hong, Dae Seon Kim, Myoung Seok Han, Byeng Chul Yu, Young Wook Kim, Mee Sook Roh, Hyun Jae Lee, Jae Won Lee, Jong Young Kwak, Joon Youn Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(4):268-275. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.4.268

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the level of maternal and prenatal mercury exposure and to analyze the related factors.
METHODS
Fifty-nine pregnant women were recruited into this study after obtaining informed consent. Samples were collected at delivery from normal pregnant women who were living in the city of Busan, Korea. Mercury concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were measured using a gold-amalgam collection method. The total and methyl mercury levels of 36 of the 59 pregnant women were analyzed after randomization, and the results were compared.
RESULTS
The mean total mercury concentration was 3.16+/-1.21 ppb and 5.43+/-2.22 ppb in maternal and cord blood, respectively. The average, maternal blood mercury level was lower than the prescribed toxic limit for human (WHO, 5 ppb), whereas the cord blood mercury was higher. The mercury exposure level exceeded the WHO recommendation in 5 (8.47%) cases of maternal blood and 29 of (49.15%) cord blood. There was a significant correlation between maternal and cord blood mercury concentrations. Total mercury and methyl mercury concentrations of the 36 random pregnant women were 3.06+/-1.17 ppb, and 2.60+/-1.11 ppb in maternal blood, and 5.20+/-2.36 ppb, and 4.70+/-1.97 ppb in cord blood, respectively. Methyl mercury accounted for 85.0% of the total mercury in maternal blood and 90.4% in cord blood. There was a significant correlation between total and methyl mercury concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS
The study results suggest that mercury concentrations of cord blood may be regarded as indicative of high prenatal mercury exposure. Therefore, further studies are necessary to explain the cause of high mercury concentrations in cord blood, and to examine its relationship with various health indices.

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Risk assessment of heavy metals in tuna from Japanese restaurants in the Republic of Korea
Seong-Jin Bae, Kyu-Sik Shin, Chulyong Park, Kiook Baek, So-Young Son, Joon Sakong
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Relationship between Mercury Exposure Indices and Dietary Intake of Fish and Shellfish in Women of Childbearing Age
Jeong-wook Seo, Byoung-gwon Kim, Young-seoub Hong
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(13): 4907. CrossRef
Biomonitoring of Lead, Cadmium, Total Mercury, and Methylmercury Levels in Maternal Blood and in Umbilical Cord Blood at Birth in South Korea
Yu-Mi Kim, Jin-Young Chung, Hyun An, Sung Park, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Jong Bae, Myoungseok Han, Yeon Cho, Young-Seoub Hong
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2015; 12(10): 13482. CrossRef
Correlation Between Total Mercury and Methyl Mercury-In Whole Blood of South Korean
Seon A Jung, Dayoung Chung, Jiwon On, Myeong Hee Moon, Jeongae Lee, Heesoo Pyo
Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society.2013; 34(4): 1101. CrossRef
The Influence of Fish Consumption on Umbilical Cord Blood Mercury Level in Pregnant Women in the City of Tongyeong, Korea
Chul-Won Jang, Sang-Hyun Kim, Jong-Duck Choi
Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety.2012; 27(1): 74. CrossRef

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Level of Job Stress among Social Workers at Social Welfare Agencies in Seoul: Soo Chan Choi, Sang A Kim, Jeong Eun Lee, Woong Sub Park; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(4):259-267. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.4.259

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
To investigate the level and variation of job stress according to social welfare organizations and work conditions among social workers in Seoul.
METHODS
For this survey, a self-reported questionnaire was administrated to 1,000 social workers working in organizations for social welfare practice in Seoul. A total of 432 completed questionnaires were received (43.2% response rate).
RESULTS
Social workers working in welfare organizations for the aged had higher job stress in the areas of job demand, insufficient job control and lack of reward than those in other welfare organizations. In addition, higher job stress was found in those in charge of both service and administrational work, without regular time for rest, working over 10 hours, in the frontline and senior grade.
CONCLUSIONS
This study confirms the importance of guaranteeing regular time for breaks in the work schedule and of considering the service and administrational work ratio in job arrangement in order to alleviate stress of social workers.

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Occupational Stress and Emotional Intelligence in Hospice Volunteers
Yeon Ha Kim, Minju Kim
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2015; 18(2): 112. CrossRef
Stress and Stress Coping that Students Experienced in their Social Work Field Practicum
Hee-Soo Kim, Jeong-Sun Ahn, Jin-Hyung Bae
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2013; 13(11): 740. CrossRef
Job Stress of Occupational Health Managers in Chemicals Manufacturing Factories
Ki-Woong Kim, Jin Woo Park, Se Wook Song
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2012; 21(3): 192. CrossRef
Effects of Care workers' Job Satisfaction on the Quality of their Stay-at-Home aged Welfare Service
Seon-Hee Kim, Hee-Eun Nam, So-Jin Park
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2012; 12(4): 282. CrossRef

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Assessment of Changes in Computerized Neurobehavioral Performance across Multiple Test Sessions: Sung Tae Chung, Man Joong Jeon, Joon Sakong; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(4):251-258. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.4.251

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVE: A cross-sectional study was performed to assess changes in computerized neurobehavioral performance across multiple test sessions for developing a valid performance level and reducing test time.
METHODS
The study was conducted on 118 male car painters exposed to low-dose, mixed organic solvents. The study controls were 113 unexposed reference workers matched for age and educational year from different sections of the same factory. Each worker completed a medical and occupational exam and questionnaire. Three tests of the Swedish Performance Evaluation System (5 minutes of Simple Reaction Time, 9 sessions of Symbol Digit, and 4 sessions of Finger Tapping Speed) were administered to each group.
RESULTS
The mean age, mean duration of employment, and mean years of education were 33 years, 6.7 years, and 12 years in both groups, respectively. The mean reaction times of the Simple Reaction Time increased with the lapse of time. The known group difference between the exposed and control groups was larger for the first minute than for the successive 3 minutes. Both groups showed improved performance across the first to the seventh sessions on Symbol Digit. Following the seventh session, the performance levels of Symbol Digit had worsened. The t statistic of the two groups was the largest when the two mean reaction times were calculated from the sessions of the fifth to the seventh. In the dominant and non-dominant hands, the number of taps increased and decreased, respectively, across the sessions on Finger Tapping Speed. The known group difference was the largest when comparing the performances from the first to the second sessions.
CONCLUSIONS
For valid interpretation and timesaving in computerized neurobehavioral tests, the following is recommended: one practice and one test session for Simple Reaction Time, four practice and three test sessions for Symbol Digit, and one practice and two test sessions for Finger Tapping Speed.

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Effects of computer familiarity and computer type on the performance of Korean computerized neurobehavioral test
Nak Joon Baek, Gun Il Park, Young Seok Byun, Man Joong Jeon, Joon Sakong
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

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