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Acute Toxicity of Administered Bisphenol A Di Glycidyl Ether in Male Sprague Dawley Rats
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Jae un Im, Yun jung Yang, Tae jin Lee, Yeon pyo Hong
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2006;18(4):318-326. Published online December 31, 2006
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.4.318
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Bisphenol A Di Glycidyl Ether (BADGE) is the major component in commercial liquid epoxy resins, which are manufactured by co-reacting bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin. The authors investigated the acute toxicity of BADGE. METHODS BADGE was administered by a gavage to 8 week old SPF Sprague Dawley rats in a single dose of 0 (negative control), 0.37 (Diethylstilbesterol, DES), 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg/day of BADGE. Each treatment group contained 7 rats. The general status and weight of the rats were observed for 14 days. The rats were anesthetized by ether at 14 days, and the changes in morphology, organ weight, sperm count and motility, and hormone level were measured. RESULTS All the rats treated with BADGE had diarrhea on the 1st day. The rats administered BADGE at 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg/day showed a soiled perineal region and soft stools with diarrhea until the 3rd day. The 8000 mg/kg/day BADGE rats had diarrhea for two days followed by emaciation, soiled fur, a soiled perineal region, staining around the mouth and were moribund for three to eight days. No weight gain was observed after the 1st day in the 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg/day BADGE rats and after the 7th day in all the treatment groups compared with the control groups. Some treatment groups were observed to have a decrease in the weight of the heart (BADGE 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg/day), liver (BADGE 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 mg/kg/day) and prostate (BADGE 4000 mg/kg/day) compared with control group. The weight of the liver was significantly lower in all treatment groups compared with the control group. The relative weight of the liver (BADGE 1000 and 4000 mg/kg/day) was significant lower than the control. No pathological changes were observed in the brain, liver, thyroid, heart, spleen, kidney, lung and prostate. The number of spermatid in the seminiferous tubule in the testes was lower in all treatment groups than the control. The sperm motility tended to decrease with increasing concentration but the sperm count was similar in all treatment groups. The plasma Estrogen and testosterone level were similar in the control and treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that BADGE induces general, hepatic and reproductive toxicity at 1000 mg/kg/day.
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- Distribution of serum bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and its metabolite in Korean adult men and its association with reproductive hormone levels
Sang-il Kim, Yun-jung Yang, Yeon-pyo Hong, Soon-Chul Myung, Sae-Chul Kim Molecular & Cellular Toxicology.2015; 11(1): 71. CrossRef - Acute Testis Toxicity of Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether in Sprague-Dawley Rats
Yun-jung Yang, Shin-young Lee, Kyung-yong Kim, Yeon-pyo Hong Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2010; 43(2): 131. CrossRef
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Validation of High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with UV Detector for the Determination of Di(2-ethylhexyl)Phthalate in Plasma in some Korean Male Workers
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Yun Jung Yang, Soon Chul Myoung, Sae Chul Kim, Yeon Pyo Hong
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(1):70-78. Published online March 31, 2005
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.1.70
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This study was conducted to validate a simple, rapid and sensitive reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detector (HPLC-UV) and present the plasma level of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) in some Korean male workers. METHODS HPLC-UV for quantification of plasma DEHP was validated by the following guideline from the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)-calibration/standard curve, precision, accuracy and recovery. Plasma DEHP from 255 healthy Korean male workers aged from 30 to 60 years was analyzed by validated HPLC-UV method. RESULTS The calibration curve over the range 0~150 microgram/liter for the plasma DEHP standard solution showed linearity(r2=0.999). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of plasma DEHP were 5.22 microgram/liter and 15.81 microgram/liter, respectively. The accuracy and precision for 2.5 microgram/liter of DEHP were acceptable in CDER guideline on the second and third day but not first day, and those for 50 microgram/liter and 150 microgram/liter of DEHP were acceptable on all three days(Ed-confirm this addition). The distribution of plasma DEHP level was skewed to the left and ranged from 0 to 18.9 microgram/liter. The plasma DEHP level was lower than 10 microgram/liter for 98 % of subjects and lower than 5 microgram/liter for 85 %. The geometric mean and standard deviation of plasma DEHP were 0.4 +/- 1.5 microgram/liter. CONCLUSIONS The HPLC-UV method for quantification of plasma DEHP was acceptable by CDER guideline. The plasma DEHP of 255 Korean male workers ranged from 0 to 18.9 microgram/liter and the distribution was skewed to the left.
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- Assessment of Di (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Exposure by Urinary Metabolites as a Function of Sampling Time
Moon-seo Park, Yun-jung Yang, Yeon-pyo Hong, Sang-yon Kim, Yong-pil Lee Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2010; 43(4): 301. CrossRef
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Acute Toxicity of Arsenic in Rats and Mice
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Byung Sun Choi, Dae Woong Kang, Jin Young Lee, Eon Sub Park, Yeon Pyo Hong, Ji Sun Yang, Hyomin Lee, Jung Duck Park
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2003;15(4):323-334. Published online December 31, 2003
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2003.15.4.323
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Abstract
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Arsenic (As) is ubiquitously distributed in the environment and is known as a human carcinogen. In this study, acute As toxicity at lethal dosage in rats and mice was evaluated, and As-induced hepatotoxicity was characterized. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats, male ICR mice and trivalent inorganic As, sodium arsenite, were used in this experiment. LD50 and LD100 were calculated from 24-hour lethality after the single subcutaneous administration of As into rats and mice. Serum and liver were collected from the surviving animals. The activities of ALT, AST and gamma-GT in serum were determined, and the concentrations of MDA, GSH and CYP450 in liver were analyzed. RESULTS The LD50 and LD100 of sodium arsenite were calculated as 12 mg/kg and 13 mg/kg for rats, and 16.5 mg/kg and 19 mg/kg for mice, respectively. Thus, the rat was more susceptible than the mouse to the acute lethal toxicity of As. The histopathological changes induced by As were similar between rats and mice. AST was increased in high-dose As-treated rats and mice, whereas ALT was increased in high-dose As-treated mice but not in rats. gamma-GT was not significantly changed between the two animal groups. As increased lipid peroxidation, but decreased GSH and CYP450 in the liver of both rats and mice, in dose-dependent patterns. These results indicate that oxidative stress might be one of the mechanisms in As-induced hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSION Rats were more susceptive than mice to acute As toxicity, and oxidative stress might play a part in liver injury induced by As.
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- Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis contributed to the development of subchronic liver damage in arsenic-exposed mice
Ling Dong, Peng Luo, Aihua Zhang* Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Oral arsenite exposure induces inflammation and apoptosis in pulmonary tissue: acute and chronic evaluation in young and adult mice
Samata Pradhan, Syed Afroz Ali, Mahesh Rachamalla, Som Niyogi, Ashok Kumar Datusalia BioMetals.2024; 37(3): 587. CrossRef - The Protective Effects of Trametes Versicolor on Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity through Regulation of Oxidative Stress: A Biochemical and Histopathological Survey
Fatemeh Solaimani, Emran Habibi, Maryam Ghasemi, Saba Mahboubi, Ehsan Zamani, Fatemeh Shaki, R. Henkel Andrologia.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef - Thermal effects on antioxidant enzymes response in Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus exposed Arsenic
EunYoung Min, Ji Won Jeong, Ju-Chan Kang Journal of fish pathology.2014; 27(2): 115. CrossRef - Monitoring Heavy Metals in Meat and Meat Products
Tae-Ik Hwang, Tae-Hyun Ahn, Eun-Jung Kim, Jung-Ah Lee, Myoung-Hee Kang, Young-Mi Jang, Mee-Hye Kim Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology.2011; 43(5): 525. CrossRef
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Age-dependent Effect of Metabolism and Testicular Toxicity to di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate
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Yeong Ju Park, Byung Sun Choi, Jung Duck Park, Yeon Pyo Hong
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(3):236-246. Published online September 30, 2002
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.3.236
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the age-dependent response of testicular toxicity and the mechanism of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) induced testicular toxicity. METHODS DEHP was administered orally in doses of 0, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg/day, for 7 days, to 3, 6 and 9 week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Testicular weight and sperm head counts, plasma level of DEHP, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and testicular lipid peroxidation were measured. Histopathological changes in the testis were observed. RESULTS Reductions in weight gains, and relative testis weights, were observed in the 3 week-old rats in a dose-dependent manner, but not in the 6 and 9 week-old rats, compared to those of the control rats. Sperm head counts were decreased in the 6 week-old rats exposed to 2.0 g/kg/day, but not in the 9 week-old rats. Testicular atrophy and significant size reduction of the seminiferous tubule were observed in a dose-dependent manner in the 3 week-old rats. The plasma concentrations of MEHP were higher than those of DEHP, with these levels being most elevated in the younger rats. Lipid peroxidation, following exposed to DEHP, was increased in a dose-dependent manner in the 3 week-old, but with no changes in the 6 and 9 week-old rats. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the age related difference observed in the testicular response to the oral administration of DEHP may be due to the metabolism, and that oxidative stress may be related to the mechanism of DEHP induced testicular toxicity.
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- The Impairment of Thyroid Hormones Homeostasis after Short-Term
Exposure to Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in Adolescent Male Rats
Sang-Yon Kim, Yeon-Pyo Hong, Yun-Jung Yang Development & Reproduction.2021; 25(4): 293. CrossRef
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The Effects of Diethyldithiocarbamate on the Metabolism and Hepatotoxicity of Trichloroethylene
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Byung Sun Choi, Jung Duck Park, Yeon Pyo Hong
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(3):257-269. Published online September 30, 2002
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.3.257
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the trichloroethylene (TCE) metabolism, acute toxicity, and the effects of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) on the acute toxicity in TCE-intoxicated rats. METHODS TCE was administered orally at doses of 600, 1,200 and 2,400 mg/kg of body weight following pretreatment with either saline or 500 mg/kg of DDTC. 12 hours after administration of TCE, the concentrations of TCE, trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and trichloroethanol (TCEOH) in the blood and solid organs, and the histopathological changes in each organ were examined. RESULTS The level of CYP2E1 markedly decreased in the DDTC-pretreated groups. The CYP2E1 content in the TCE-treated rats increased in a dose-dependent manner. The concentrations of TCE and TCEOH were highest in the liver, and the level of TCA was highest in the blood. The DDTC-pretreated rats had a markedly increased level of TCE and decreased levels of TCA and TCEOH, than the rats pretreated with saline. These findings indicated that CYP2E1 was important in the metabolism of TCE. From the histopathological findings, centrilobular necrosis was observed in the livers of the TCE-treated rats, but no significant change was found in those rats pretreated with DDTC. CONCLUSIONS DDTC is considered to be effective in protecting TCE-induced hepatic damage because it inhibits the TCE metabolism.
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- Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood and Urine among Residents around Camp Carroll
Hyun-Sul Lim, Wonho Yang, Geun-Bae Kim, Young-Sung Cho, Young-Sun Min, Kwan Lee, Duk Hee Lee, Young-Su Ju, Sunshin Kim, Jung Heo, Dayoung Jung Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2016; 26(1): 11. CrossRef - Case report of renal cell carcinoma in automobile manufacturing factory worker due to trichloroethylene exposure in Korea
June-Hee Lee, Inah Kim, Hongdeok Seok, Inhyo Park, Jungho Hwang, Jae-Oh Park, Jong-Uk Won, Jaehoon Roh Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
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Reference Values of Cadmium in Kidney and Liver in Korean
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Jung Duck Park, Byung Sun Choi, Il Hoon Kweon, Yeon Pyo Hong, Im Won Chang
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(3):346-355. Published online September 30, 2000
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.3.346
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Abstract
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Cadmium (Cd), a toxic and non-essential metal, is recognized as a human carcinogen, which has a tendency to accumulate in the human body. The levels of Cd in renal cortex and liver are good indicators as an index of Cd exposure in the general population.
In this study, we present an estimation of reference Cd levels in tissue (renal cortex and liver) and total body burden in the general population of Korea.
MEDTHODS: Cd and zinc (Zn) were analyzed in renal cortex and liver from 254 autopsies (male : 188 cases, female : 66 cases) aged 0 to 87 years. RESULTS Geometric mean concentration of Cd was 27.4 and 3.1 ua/g wet weight in renal cortex and liver, respectively. The level of Zn in renal cortex and liver was 35.4 and 42. 6 v/g wet weight, respectively. The result suggests that kidney is the target organ for Cd accumulation. The accumulation of Cd in renal cortex was age-dependent with a biphasic pattern. The level of Cd in renal cortex increased with age up to the fifties, and then leveled off thereafter. Based on the data, the regression model for Cd accumulation in renal cortex by age is predicted by : Log KCd = 0. 2325 + 0. 0553 Age 0. 0005 Age. The highest Cd accumulation in renal cortex of Koreans was estimated at 43. 3 ua/g wet weight at 50. 8 years old. In addition, the total Cd body burden by age was estimated by the following equation: Total Cd Body Burden = -4. 5948 + l. 2278 Age - 0. 0121 Age.
The highest body burden of Cd was estimated at 26. 5 mg at age 50. 7 years in the Korean general population. The positive correlation between Zn and Cd was observed in renal cortex and liver. CONCLUSIONS The level of Cd exposure in Korean was found to be lower than in Japanese, but same as or higher than in American and Europeans.
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- Effects of Environmental Cadmium Exposure on the Liver in Korean Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies
Mi-Na Seo, Sang-Yong Eom, Ji-Ae Lim, Jung-Eum Lee, Byung-Sun Choi, Ho-Jang Kwon, Young-Seoub Hong, Heon Kim, Jung-Duck Park Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.2023; 84(2): 237. CrossRef - Association of Blood Heavy Metal Levels and Renal Function in Korean Adults
Yoonjin Park, Su-Jung Lee International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(11): 6646. CrossRef
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The Influence of Smoking, Alcohol Ingestion, and Physical Activity on Copper, Zinc and Ceruloplasmin in Blood of Male Adults
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Jin Wan Park, Eun Yong Kang, In Cheol Shin, Byung Sun Choi, Jung Duck Park, Im Won Chang, Yeon Pyo Hong
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(4):569-578. Published online December 31, 1999
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.4.569
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Abstract
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- Objective : To investigate the influence of smoking, alcohol ingestion, and physical activity on copper and zinc in RBC and serum and serum ceruloplasmin, this study was performed in a cross-sectional study in 113 healthy men aged 20 to 40 years who had no symptomatic liver, heart, gastrointestinal, and other chronic diseases.
METHODS At the men's entry into the study, blood samples were drawn from each subject and immediately centrifuged for analysis of copper, zinc, iron, ceruloplasmin, total cholesterol, and hematocrit. Each man completed a questionnaire that provided information on smoking, amount of alcohol intake, and physical activity. Partial regres sion analysis was performed on confounding variables such as age, body mass index, hematocrit, serum cholesterol, and serum iron. RESULTS In general linear models, adjustment for confounding variables did not show statistical differences, and there was only an increasing tendency in serum copper in heavy smoker (P=0.0678). There was no difference between high physical activity with mild smokers and lower physical activfty with, heavy smokers. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that copper, zinc and eeruloplasmin were not good biomarker for early effect by smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity in young adult. However, selection bias should be considered in evaluation of this result, and a large prospective study will be needed in advance on usefulness of copper, zinc and ceruloplasmin as a marker for risk factors and early change of atherosclerosis.
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- Assessment of reference ranges for blood Cu, Mn, Se and Zn in a selected Italian population
Beatrice Bocca, Roberto Madeddu, Yolande Asara, Paola Tolu, Juan A. Marchal, Giovanni Forte Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology.2011; 25(1): 19. CrossRef
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Reference Value of Cadmium in Myocardium in Korean
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Jung Duck Park, Heon Bang Lim, Byung Sun Choi, Il Hoon Kweon, Sang Yeon Lee, Eun Yong Kang, Yeon Pyo Hong, Im Won Chang
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(1):24-32. Published online March 31, 1999
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.1.24
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- Cadmium(Cd) is an ubiquitous, toxic and non-essential metal which is controversial about the association with a cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the reference level of Cd in myocardium in Korean general population. The level of Cd and zinc(Zn) concentration in myocardium of 252 cases of "sudden and unexpected death" autopsies(male 172, female 60) aged 0 to 87 years was analyzed. The concentration of Cd and Zn was determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometer(Perkin-Elmer Model 5100) by flameless and flame method, respectively. The content of Cd and Zn in myocardium showed the log-normal distribution rather than normal distribution. Geometric mean concentration of Cd was 0.19 microgram/g wet weight in myocardium. The level of Cd in myocardium was not significantly different between male(0. 18 microgram/g wet weight) and female(0.22 microgram/g wet weight). Geometric mean concentration of Zn in myocardium was 25.25 microgram/g wet weight. The level of Zn between male(25.13 microgram/g wet weight) and female(25.57 microgram/g wet weight) was not different. The deposit of Cd in myocardium was age-dependent of biphasic pattern, but the Zn level by age was not significantly different. The level of Cd in myocardium was increased to the fifties of age, thereafter a leveling-off was shown. The regression model of Cd deposit in myocardium by age was predicted as the following equation Log Heart-Cd = -1.2726 + 0.0234 Age - 0.0002 Age2. The maximum Cd deposit in myocardium was estimated to be 0.26 microgram/g wet weight at the age of 58.5 in Korean general population. In addition, the total Cd burden in heart by age was predicted as a following equation Total Cd burden in Heart = -10.165 + 2.891 Age - 0.0258 Age2. The maximum heart burden of Cd was estimated to be 70.7 microgram at age of 55.4. The positive correlation between Cd and Zn was observed in myocardium. The linear regression equation was Log Heart-Zn = 1.4195 +/- 0.0262- Log Heart-Cd.
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Biological Indices for Early Detection of Cadmium Poisoning: Significance of Urinary Metallothionein
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Jung Duck Park, Yeon Pyo Hong, Im Won Chang
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(2):230-243. Published online June 30, 1997
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.2.230
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Abstract
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- Metallothionein(MT) is a low molecular weight protein that is induced as a defence mechanism for cadmium (Cd) toxicity. In present study, urinary MT was determined using a competitive ELISA in Cd-exposed rats. In addition, measures the urinary, blood and renal Cd concentration and the urinary excretion of total protein, beta 2-microglobulin (MG) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days after Cd injection in Cd-exposed rats with dosers of 0.8 and 1.6 mg Cd/kg body weight respectively. The urinary, blood and renal Cd were specific for Cd-exposure, that increased in proportional to dose of Cd. The urinary and blood Cd tended to slightly decrease, while renal Cd tended to increase by lapse of time after Cd exposure. this finding indicates that renal Cd is more specific than urinary and blood Cd for Cd exposure. The urinary excretion of MT showed a statistically significant increase in Cd exposed rats(0.8 and 1.6 no Cd/kg body weight). The increase of urinary excretion of MT was more evident at 7, 14, 28 lays after Cd exposure than the changes of urinary excretion of total protein, beta-MG and NAG. The Pearson's correlation coefficients between urinary Cd and urinary MT, beta-MG, NAG and total protein were 0.4344, 0.3727, 0.3307 and 0.2099, respectively. These findings indicate that the urinary MT is more sensitive and specific than total protein, beta-MG and NAG for Cd exposure. The present results suggest that the urinary MT, using a simple and rapid competitive ELISA, is a valuable index as screening test in epidemiologic study for Cd exposed group.
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Biological Index for Cadmium Exposure: Assay of Metallothionein by Competitive ELISA
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Jung Duck Park, Woo Suk Lee, Yoon Kong, Yeon Pyo Hong, Im Won Chang
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1996;8(2):258-271. Published online September 30, 1996
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1996.8.2.258
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Abstract
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- Metallothionein (MT) is a cadmium binding protein that played major' roles in protective mechanism for cadmium toxicity. In the present study, competitive ELISA was established to assay the MT expression utilizing monospecific antibody which was generated against MT-L A total of 10 Sprague-Dawley rats was injected with CdCl2 for two weeks to induce MT. The cytosolic fraction of rat liver was obtained by differential centrifugation. Two major MT isozymes (MT-I & MT-II) at ca. 10 kDa were purified by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration followed by DEAE-Trisacryl-M anion exchange column chromatogra-phy, respectively. Two rabbits were immunized 4 times consecutively with the conjugate of purified MT-L The sera were collected by heart puncture. When immunoblot was carried out, the immunized rabbit sera (anti-MT-I) exhibited specific immunoreactive band at MT-I while showed any cross reactions neither with MT-II nor with other cytosolic proteins.. By chequerboard titration using the monospecific antibody, the competitive ELISA was established. The dose-dependent relationship was observed between anti-MT-I antibody and the amount of MT in biological samples (r(2)=O.9980). These results suggested strongly that competitive ELISA is a simple, rapid and reproducible method for screening cadmium exposure.
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- Evaluation of factors associated with cadmium exposure and kidney function in the general population
Mingai Huang, Seong‐Jin Choi, Dong‐Won Kim, Na‐Young Kim, Hye‐Sun Bae, Seung‐Do Yu, Dae‐Seon Kim, Heon Kim, Byung‐Sun Choi, Il‐Je Yu, Jung‐Duck Park Environmental Toxicology.2013; 28(10): 563. CrossRef
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Changes of Cadmium in Blood and Urine of Cadmium Exposed Rats
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Jung Duck Park, Mee Jung Kim, Byung Sun Choi, Yeon Pyo Hong, Im Won Chang
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(2):316-322. Published online September 30, 1994
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.2.316
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Abstract
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- The changes of Cadmium(Cd) in plasma, whole blood, erythrocyte and urine in Sprague-Dawley male rates exposed to intravenous single injection of 0.8 mg CdCl2/kg of body weight were investigated. Blood sample was taken at 0.5 to 672 hours, and 24 hour-urine was collected by using metabolic cage for the same period.
The plasma level of Cd was reached to peak at 0.5 hour after injection and reduced rapidly in 1 hour. The Cd level in blood was the highest in plasma and the lowest in erythrocyte at 0.5 hour after injection. However, in one hour postinjection, the levels of Cd were higher in order of erythrocyte, whole blood and plasma, up to 4 weeks. The changes of urinary volume and creatinine were not significant between Cd-treated and saline-treated groups. However, urinary protein was slightly increased with time in Cd-treated group. Urinary Cd level was higher in Cd treated group than control.
These results suggest that the measurement of Cd in erythrocyte and urine is valuable for the biological index to estimate recent Cd exposure.
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Changes in Cadmium Deposit and Histopathologic Finding of Testis, Liver and Kidney in Cadmium Exposed Rats
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Young Goo Lee, Jung Duck Park, Byung Sun Choi, Yeon Pyo Hong, Im Won Chang
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Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(1):56-68. Published online February 28, 1994
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.1.56
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- To assess the changes of cadmium deposit and histopathologic finding of testis, liver and kidney, different dose of cadmium (Cd) was administered into male Sprague-Dawley rat(purchased from KIST, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) by single intravenous injection. At 12, 24, 48, 168 and 672 hours after Cd injection, tissue cadmium concentration and histopathological change were examined. Cd exposed group showed lesser weight gain than the control. Renal Cd content tended to increase in time-dependent pattern, while hepatic and testicular Cd content tended to decrease. Mean of renal Cd content to hepatic Cd content (Cd K/Cd L) also progressively increased. These results suggest that Cd might be gradually transported to kidney fro other organs. In testis and liver, degenerative changes appeared relatively in acute phase. These changes became more pronounced in testis, while less prominent in liver. In kidney, swelling of proximal tubluar cells and thickening of glomerular basement membrane appeared relatively later and these changes were progressively aggravated.
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