Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Jong Ku Park

8 Articles

The Association of Occupational Stress with Self-perceived Fatigue in White Collar Employees: Kyoung Tae Cha, Il Whoi Kim, Sang Baek Koh, Sook Jung Hyun, Jun Ho Park, Jong Ku Park, Bong Suk Cha, Sei Jin Chang; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(3):182-192. Published online September 30, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2008.20.3.182

BACKGROUND
& OBJECTIVES: A growing body of research has documented that occupational stress is closely associated with increased risk of fatigue. This study was conducted in an effort to assess the relationship of occupational stress to self-perceived fatigue among Korean white collar employees.
METHODS
Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project, 2002-2004). Among them, a total of 4,502 white collar employees were recruited. A structured questionnaire was employed to evaluate the participants' sociodemographics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, occupational stress, and self-perceived fatigue. Occupational stress and self-perceived fatigue were assessed using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short form (KOSS-SF) and the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS), respectively.
RESULTS
In logistic regression analyses, occupational stress was associated with an increased risk of fatigue, and some domains of occupational stress had different effects on fatigue by gender (job demand, job insecurity, and lack of reward for men, job demand, lack of reward, and discomfort in occupational climate for women), which indicates that occupational stress may perform a slightly different role in increasing the risk of fatigue by gender.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that occupational stress is a determinant predictor of selfperceived fatigue. Thus, a stress management program for the reduction of occupational stress, and the promotion of white collar worker's health and quality of life is strongly recommended. Some limitations of this study and considerations for future studies were also discussed.

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Effect of Gyrokinesis Exercise on Lower Extremity Edema, Balance Ability, and Fatigue in office Women Workers
Mi-Kyung Kim, Kyoung-Bin Min
The Asian Journal of Kinesiology.2024; 26(3): 47. CrossRef
Effect of Gardening Activity Level on Stress Changes in Police Officers
Hye Sook Jang, Yun-Im Kang, Jung Nam Suh, Kyung Hye Seo, Myung Suk Ahn, Doo Young Ryu
Flower Research Journal.2024; 32(1): 40. CrossRef
Mental Health and Quality of Life for Disaster Service Workers in a Province under COVID-19
Ji-Won Na, Chan-Mo Yang, Sang-Yeol Lee, Seung-Ho Jang
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(6): 1600. CrossRef
Analysis of Preference in Plant Fragrances and Psychological Evaluation of Firefighter
Hye Sook Jang, Eunha Yoo, Jeong Hee Kim, Sun-Jin Jeong, Jae Soon Kim, Doo Young Ryu
Journal of People, Plants, and Environment.2021; 24(2): 137. CrossRef
Incidence and Direct Medical Cost of Adjustment Disorder and in Korea Using National Health Insurance Service Claims Data From 2011 to 2017
Kyo-Jin Yang, Seung-Mi Choi, Si-Young Kim, In-Hwan Oh, Saengryeol Park, Hyeon-Kyoung Cheong, Jun-Won Hwang
Psychiatry Investigation.2021; 18(8): 789. CrossRef
Relationship between physical activity and job stress among public office workers
Young-Sook Yook
Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2020; 32(12): 839. CrossRef
Influence of Health Behaviors and Occupational Stress on Prediabetic State among Male Office Workers
Hosihn Ryu, Jihyeon Moon, Jiyeon Jung
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(6): 1264. CrossRef
Associations between prevalence of adult atopic dermatitis and occupational characteristics
Yeunhee Kwak, Yoonjung Kim
International Journal of Nursing Practice.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Job-stress on Fatigue Among 119 Rescue Workers
Sung-Soo Choi, Gyoung Wan Kim
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(4): 433. CrossRef
The Relationship between Job Stress and Organizational Effectiveness for Office Workers
Yoo-Mi Chae, Jeong-bae Rhie, Sook Lee
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(7): 389. CrossRef
Convergence Relationship between Occupational Stress and Fatigue Symptoms among Blue Collar Workers in Manufacturing Plants
Eun-Sook Shin
Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2016; 7(1): 57. CrossRef
A Study on the Relationship between Fatigue Level, Job Stress and Quality of Life for Workers
Yunyoung Kim, Hye-Sun Hyun, Jong Hyang Yoo
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 372. CrossRef
Risk factors for fatigue and stress among Korean police officers
Jong-Min Seok, Jae-Hwan Cho, Woo-Jin Jeon, Jae-Ouk Ahn
Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2015; 27(5): 1401. CrossRef
Correlations among occupational stress, fatigue, and depression in call center employees in Seoul
Yun Kyung Kim, Nam Hyun Cha
Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2015; 27(10): 3191. CrossRef
Correlation between Fatigue and Quality of Life Caused by Stress of Researchers' Work
Hye Joo Park, Yun Young Kim, Ki Hyun Park, Si Woo Lee, Jong-Hyang Yoo
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2014; 23(3): 171. CrossRef
Relationships of Job Stress, Fatigue & Depression among one Ship-building Supply Workers
Sang-Dol Kim
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2014; 15(5): 2789. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Health Promoting Behaviour according to the Type A/B Personality of White Collar Workers
Jin Yi Choi, Young Mi Park
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2013; 22(4): 305. CrossRef
Relationship Between Job Stress and Fatigue Symptoms Among Nurses in a University Hospital
Soon-Young Kim, In-Sun Kwon, Young-Chae Cho
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(4): 1759. CrossRef
Relationship between Occupational Stress and Gastric Disease in Male Workers
Ho-Seob Lihm, Sang-Hyun Park, Eun-Hee Gong, Jong-Soon Choi, Jung-Won Kim
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2012; 33(5): 311. CrossRef
Job Stress and Psychosocial Factors and Its Association with Self Perceived Fatigue among White Collar Male Workers
Seung-Pil Park, In-Sun Kwon, Young-Chae Cho
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2011; 12(1): 301. CrossRef
The Relation Between the Occupational Stress and Fatigue Level of Neonatal Nurses
Eun-A Park, Jeong-Eon Park
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(3): 261. CrossRef
Job Stress Levels in Environment Impact Assessment, and Related Factors Including Expert
Dong-Ha Ji, Hye-Ri Jeon, Soo-Hyun Choi, Bu-Soon Son, Mi-Suk Choi
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2010; 36(5): 373. CrossRef

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Fatigue as a Predictor of Medical Utilization, Occupational Accident and Sickness Absence: Sei Jin Chang, Sang Baek Koh, Dongmug Kang, Seong Ah Kim, Jin Joo Chung, Chul Gab Lee, Myung Geun Kang, Sook Jung Hyun, Jung Jin Cho, Bong Suk Cha, Jong Ku Park; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(4):318-332. Published online December 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.4.318

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study examined the relationship of fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Subjects and METHODS: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project, 2002~2004). A total of 30,146 employees categorized within the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were recruited. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess the participants' sociodemographics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, personality trait, self-perceived fatigue (MFS) and the frequency of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Data on medical utilization and occupational accident were confirmed from company health records. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to elucidate the relationship of self-perceived fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence.
RESULTS
In logistic regression analyses, self-perceived fatigue was associated with medical utilization (outpatient), occupational accident and sickness absence although the strength of the associations was higher in the blue collar workers except for medical utilization. For medical utilization, the white collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the third quartile and the highest quartile, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were 1.50 (95% CI: 1.20-1.87) and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.69-2.75), respectively. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the second (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06-1.43), third (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.22- 1.66) and highest quartile (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.55-2.17), respectively, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were statistically significant. However, no associations were found between fatigue and inpatient utilization for either the white or blue collar workers. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of being injured for workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.00-2.00), 1.57 (95% CI: 1.10-2.22) and 2.41 (95% CI: 1.69-3.44), respectively, compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile, but, those of the white collar workers were not significant. There was more likely to an increased risk of sickness absence in workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile in both white and blue collar workers, but the magnitudes of risk were higher in the blue collar workers than the white collars workers.
CONCLUSION
This result suggests that fatigue is a determinant predictor of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence, and that the pattern of risks for the three outcomes differs according to the occupational type. Some limitations of this study and considerations for future study were also discussed.

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Impact of Indoor Green in Rest Space on Fatigue Recovery Among Manufacturing Workers
ChoHye Youn, LeeBom Chung, Minji Kang, Juyoung Lee
Journal of Environmental Science International.2024; 33(3): 217. CrossRef
The relationship between fatigue and sickness absence from work
Minsun Kim, Jiho Kim, SeongCheol Yang, Dong-Wook Lee, Shin-Goo Park, Jong-Han Leem, Hwan-Cheol Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship between fatigue severity scale and occupational injury in Korean workers
Hyeonwoo Ju, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Sung Wook Jang, Youna Won, Shin-Goo Park, Jong-Han Leem
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Convergence Relationship between Occupational Stress and Fatigue Symptoms among Blue Collar Workers in Manufacturing Plants
Eun-Sook Shin
Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2016; 7(1): 57. CrossRef
A Study on the Relationship between Fatigue Level, Job Stress and Quality of Life for Workers
Yunyoung Kim, Hye-Sun Hyun, Jong Hyang Yoo
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2015; 24(4): 372. CrossRef
Study on the Structural Relation between the Level of Fatigue and Stress of Construction Workers and Disaster Risks
Yong Koo Yang, Byung Suk Kim
Journal of the Korea Safety Management and Science.2014; 16(3): 35. CrossRef
Relationship Between Job Stress and Fatigue Symptoms Among Nurses in a University Hospital
Soon-Young Kim, In-Sun Kwon, Young-Chae Cho
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(4): 1759. CrossRef
Effects of Fatigue on Health Promotion Behavior and Mental Health of Automotive Manufacturing Workers
Kyung-Hee Lee, Kyung-Sook Lee
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2011; 20(2): 143. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Work-Related Injuries of Nurses in Small and Medium Sized Hospitals
Jee In Hwang, Eun Jeong Hwang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2010; 16(3): 306. CrossRef

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Occupational Stress and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases: Sang Baek Koh, Sei Jin Chang, Jong Ku Park, Jun Ho Park, Dong Koog Son, Sook Jung Hyun, Bong Suk Cha; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2005;17(3):186-198. Published online September 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2005.17.3.186

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between occupational stress and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
METHOD
The study subjects were 169 male workers aged over 40 who were employed in the shipbuilding industry. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the respondents' sociodemographics and occupational stress. Eight domains of occupational stress according to the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) were used. We included blood pressure, lipid level (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol), coagulation factors, pulse wave velocity and heart rate variability as possible cardiovascular risk factors.
RESULT
In multiple regression analyses, job demand was associated with triglyceride level, pulse wave velocity and heart rate variability. Interpersonal conflict was related to total cholesterol. Job insecurity was related to heart rate variability. Organizational system was associated with blood pressure, total cholesterol, pulse wave velocity and heart rate variability. Lack of rewards was related to systolic blood pressure and pulse wave velocity.
CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that occupational stress is associated with cardiovascular risk factors.

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Heart Rate Variability, Risk-Taking Behavior and Resilience in Firefighters During a Simulated Extinguish-Fire Task
Rebecca Prell, Oliver Opatz, Giampiero Merati, Björn Gesche, Hanns-Christian Gunga, Martina A. Maggioni
Frontiers in Physiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship between physical activity and job stress among public office workers
Young-Sook Yook
Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2020; 32(12): 839. CrossRef
Association between supervisors’ behavior and wage workers’ job stress in Korea: analysis of the fourth Korean working conditions survey
Shin Uk Kang, Byeong Jin Ye, ByoungGwon Kim, Jung Il Kim, Jung Woo Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors related to heart rate variability among firefighters
Jae-Hong Shin, Jung-Youb Lee, Seon-Hee Yang, Mi-Young Lee, In-Sung Chung
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Temperament and Character Traits, Heart Rate Variability and Occupational Stress in New Nursing Employees
Min Soo Ko, Yong Lee Jang, Jin Sook Choi, Hyun Bo Shim, Hee Jung Nam, Mee Suk Wang, In Deok Lee, Hae Woo Lee
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2016; 55(3): 271. CrossRef
Moderating Effect of Stress Coping Strategies on the Relationship between a National Statistics Office Workers' Occupational Stress and Mental Health
Yuran Jeong, Bo-Hyun Yoon, Eun-Joo Oh, Je-Heon Song, Soo-Hee Park, Haran Jung, Moon-Doo Kim, Man-Ki Baek, Eun-Rak Son, Ja-Young Jung
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2015; 54(4): 587. CrossRef

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Job Stress, Heart Rate Variability and Metabolic Syndrome: Sei Jin Chang, Sang Baek Koh, Hong Ryul Choi, Jong Min Woo, Bong Suk Cha, Jong Ku Park, Yong Hee Chen, Ho Keun Chung; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(1):70-81. Published online March 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.1.70

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVE: A growing body of literature has documented that job stress is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, the pathophysiological mechanism of this association remains unclear. Therefore, we tried to elucidate the relationship between job stress, heart rate variability and metabolic syndrome.
METHOD
The study design was cross-sectional, and 169 industrial workers were recruited. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess the general characteristics and job characteristics (work demand, decision latitude). Heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded using SA-2000 (medi-core). HRV was assessed by time-domain and by frequency-domain analyses. Time domain analysis was performed for SDNN (Standard Deviation of NN interval), and spectral analysis for low-frequency (LF), high-frequency (HF) and total frequency power. Metabolic syndrome was defined on the basis of clustering of risk factors, when three or more of the following cardiovascular risk factors were included in the fifth quintile: glucose, systolic blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol (bottom quintile), triglyceride and waist-hip ratio.
RESULTS
The results showed that job characteristics were not associated with cardiovascular risk factors. The high strain group had a less favorable cardiovascular risk profile with higher levels of blood pressure, glucose, homocysteine, and clotting factor than the lower strain group (low strain+passive+active group), but the difference was not statistically significant. The SDNN of HRV was significantly lower in the high strain group than in the low strain group. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the low strain, passive, active and high strain groups was 9.7%, 13.9%, 14.9% and 23.8%, respectively. In the high strain group, the metabolic syndrome was significantly related to a decreased SDNN. However, we could not find a significant association in LF/HF ratio.
CONCLUSION
This result suggests that decreased HRV does not play a role in the development of disease; however, it can induce cardiovascular abnormalities or dysfunctions related to the onset of heart disease among high risk groups.

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Effect of Gardening Activity Level on Stress Changes in Police Officers
Hye Sook Jang, Yun-Im Kang, Jung Nam Suh, Kyung Hye Seo, Myung Suk Ahn, Doo Young Ryu
Flower Research Journal.2024; 32(1): 40. CrossRef
Analysis of Preference in Plant Fragrances and Psychological Evaluation of Firefighter
Hye Sook Jang, Eunha Yoo, Jeong Hee Kim, Sun-Jin Jeong, Jae Soon Kim, Doo Young Ryu
Journal of People, Plants, and Environment.2021; 24(2): 137. CrossRef
Dynamics of heart activities during moral dilemmas solving by children 4—11 years old
I.M. Sozinova, A.V. Bakhchina, Y.I. Alexandrov
Experimental Psychology (Russia).2017; 10(3): 97. CrossRef
Temperament and Character Traits, Heart Rate Variability and Occupational Stress in New Nursing Employees
Min Soo Ko, Yong Lee Jang, Jin Sook Choi, Hyun Bo Shim, Hee Jung Nam, Mee Suk Wang, In Deok Lee, Hae Woo Lee
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2016; 55(3): 271. CrossRef
Relation of Health Promotion Behaviors and Metabolic Syndrome in Daytime Workers
Dae-Sik Ko, Bu-Yeon Park, Gyeong-Hyu Seok
The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2013; 8(12): 1941. CrossRef
Occupational Diseases among Office Workers
Jung-Wan Koo
Hanyang Medical Reviews.2010; 30(4): 274. CrossRef

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Job instability of Labor Market and Preplacement Health Examination: the Case of Hearing Loss: Sang Baek Koh, Kyoo Sang Kim, Sei Jin Chang, Bong Suk Cha, Jong Ku Park, Dong Mug Kang, Jai Young Kim, Soo Keun Kim, Hong Ryul Choi; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(1):57-68. Published online March 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.1.57

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
This study examines the problem of the preplacement health examination in terms of hearing loss case, where workers have been experiencing job instability in the labor market.
METHODS
In order to measure the 2-year job retention rate of employees in 79 shipbuilding subcontracted companies in Kyongnam province, we utilized the same methods as those used by Neumark et al(1999), and Bernhardt et al(1999). We surveyed 79 heath and safety personnel from the companies with a questionnaire to evaluate the present status of the preplacement health examination. We reviewed the preplacement health certificates(result of audiometric hearing thresholds) of 1,818 recruits issued by Daewoo hospital from January 1 to June 30, 2001.
RESULTS
The job retention rate was 40.3 %(male 38.53 %, female 52.01 %). Of the 79 health and safety personnel of companies, 44(55.7 %) perceived the preplacement health examination as a tool for the selection of recruits, 3(3.8 %) as a procedure for job fitting and 31(39.2 %) as both. Most of them were against the acceptance of recruits with hearing loss, spinal disease and hepatitis. Among the 1,818 workers who underwent the preplacement health examination, 530(29.1 %) were examined after employment, but 1,096(60.3 %) were examined before employment. The number with previous job experience was 1,591(87.5 %). In the audiometric hearing threshold results, the prevalence of hearing loss was positively correlated with age. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of hearing loss depending on previous job and number of quitting at 4,000 Hz.
CONCLUSIONS
The comparison of 2-year job retention rates before and after the Korean economic crisis of 1997 suggests that job stability has been aggravated especially for cohorts of long tenure, irregular job, and old age. This evidence shows that previous job and age play a role in determining worker employment based on perceived results from the preplacement health examination. This result suggests that a pre-employment health examination be substituted for the preplacement health examination based on the essential job functions and reasonable accommodation. Because it has little relevance in a wide range of employment and minor health problems, the results of this examination should not debar applicants from employment.

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Incidence and Risk Factors for Occupational Low Back Pain Among Shipyard Workers: Sang Baek Koh, Hyong Sik Kim, Hong Ryul Choi, Ji Hee Kim, In Hyok Song, Jun Han Park, Jong Ku Park, Sei Jin Chang, Bong Seok Cha; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2000;12(1):1-11. Published online March 31, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2000.12.1.1

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to estimate the incidence rate, and to identify the risk factors for the occupational low back pain among shipyard workers.
METHODS
The study subjects consisted of 9,784 workers who were employed in a ship-building industry(excluded workers who had a history of low pack pain before 1995 or did not take periodic health examination in 1995). The cases were 220 people who experienced back pain from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1998. To assess risk factors for occupational low back pain, Cox propotional hazard model was used.
RESULTS
During the recent three years from 1996 to 1998, the incidence rate per 1,000 persons was 7. 8 in 1996, 8. 8 in 1997, and 3. 1 in 1998. The main causes of work-related low back pain were sprain, strain and disc herniation. Lifting was the most common cause of back pain(35. 3%), and carrying(10.2%) and pulling(8.0%) were followed. In Cox proportional harzard model, independent risk factors for back pain were body mass index(R.R.; 1.54, 959o C.I.: 1.06-2.25), shift work(R.R.; 1.65, 95% C.I.: 1.19-2.28), and lifting heavy material(R.R. ; 3.95, 95% C.I: 2.29-6.82).
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that the risk factors of back pain in shipyard workers were body mass index, shift work and lifting.

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Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Korean Police Personnel
Hak Young Rhee, Jae Hwan Cho, Jong Min Seok, Taek Sang Cho, Woo Jin Jeon, Jin Gu Lee, Sung Kyu Kim
Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health.2015; 70(4): 177. CrossRef
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Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2015; 16(10): 6627. CrossRef
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Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(9): 4025. CrossRef

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A Meta-analysis on the Association between Bladder Cancer and Glutathione S transferase mu Genetic Polymorphism: Sang Baek Koh, Bong Suk Cha, Jong Ku Park, Chun Bae Kim, Myung Gun Kang, Ki Woong Kim, Won Jin Lee, Soung Hoon Chang; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(1):13-23. Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.1.13

Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to integrate the results of studies which assess the relationship between bladder cancer and Glutathione S transferase mu genetic polymorphism. We retrieved the literatures using MEDLINE search, with bladder cancer and Glutathione S transferase as key words, which were reported from 1980 to October 1998. The criteria for quality evaluation were as follows; 1) The paper should have histologically confirmed bladder cancer as case definition. 2) The paper should use the GSTM1 gene typing as method for analysis. Among 59 retrieved articles, fourteen studies were selected for quantitative meta-analysis. The overall effect size of the risk of bladder cancer due to GSTM1 was calculated by common odds ratio. Before the integration of each effect sizes into common effect sizes, the homogeneity test were conducted. All studies were case control design and cases were transitional cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of bladder. And only four papers used matching technique. Homogeneity of studies were rejected by Breslow-Day test(P<0.01), so random effect model was used for evaluation of odds ratio. The overall odds ratio of GSTM1 associated with bladder cancer was 1.55 (95% confidence interval 1.27 to 1.90) and cumulative odds ratio became more stable when the study subjects were over 1,500. Our result suggested that positive association be found between GSTM1 genetic polymorphism and bladder cancer.

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The Assessment of Worker's Health Status by SF-36: Bong Suk Cha, Sang Baek Koh, Sei Jin Chang, Jong Ku Park, Myung Guen Kang; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1998;10(1):9-19. Published online February 28, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1998.10.1.9

Abstract PDF

This study was conducted to understand health status by general characteristic, and to find out relationship between social support and worker's health status. Health status was measured using SF-36(Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36), a 36 item self administered Instrument. The finding of this study were as follow; Mean scores of health status by sex were higher in male. The younger worker reported good health on physical functioning and role limitation-physical than did the older worker, but the older worker reported good health on social functioning and mental health. Mean scores of health status were higher in high income and white worker. When the relationship between social support and health status, social functioning, role limitation-emotion, mental health, vitality, general health were significantly related. Therefore we reviewed the evidence that socio-economic condition are associated with health status in this study, and that the strength of the social support was a important to maintain health.

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The 3 years Prognosis of Patients with Long Term Mechanical Ventilation in Medical Intensive Care Unit at a University Hospital
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