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Original Article
- Effect of Cadmium on Cytokine Gene Expression in a Human Monocytic Cell Line, THP-1
- Mi Jung Kang, Seon Hee Yang, In Sung Chung, Dong Hoon Shin, Kwan Kyu Park, Suk Kwon Suh
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(2):320-331. Published online June 30, 1997
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.2.320
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Abstract
PDF - Cadmium, a potent toxic metal, poses a serious environmental threat but the mechanism of its toxicity remains unclear. Also, cadmium is a known immunotoxic agent in animal studies and induces pathophysiological effects by modulating components of immune system. Cytokines are being increasingly recognized as essential mediators of normal and pathologic immune response. Cells of mononuclear phagocytic system are strategically located at portals of entry in humans and therefore may be particularly at risk for cadmium exposure through contaminated air, food, and drinking water. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cadmium cytotoxicity for the monocyte and expression of cytokine gene in the control and cadmium treated human monocytic cell lines using RT-PCR method. The results showed that cadmium inhibited cell proliferation at 0.1mM cadmium treated cells for 24 hours. The TNF-alpha mRNA was expressed in both control and cadmium treated cells but not IL-6 and IL-1 beta The mRNA levels of TNF-alpha were examined during 24 hours culture period, at different time points. The expression of TNF-alpha mRNA increased in both 0.01mM and 0.1mM cadmium treated cells, but did not show dose-response relationship. According to cadmium treated duration, expression of TNF-alpha mRNA was more decreases in 24 hours than 6 hours. The decreased levels of mRNA of TNF-alpha that cadmium suppresses iris production at the transcription level.
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Original Article
- A Study on Factors Related to NO Synthesis by Mercurial Compounds in the EMT-6 cell
- Jung Ho Youm
- Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(1):122-130. Published online February 28, 1997
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.1.122
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Abstract
PDF
- The effects of several factors on the nitrite synthesis were observed in the culture of EMT-6 cells which are originated from mammary adenocarcinoma of Balb/c mouse. The cells were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. Amounts of nitrite in the culture media after 24 and 36 hours of culture were about 2 fold, and 3-fold of those measured after 12 hours respectively. There were very close associations between the amounts of nitrite measured in the culture media. A significant nitrite synthesis by EMT-6 cells occurred when IL-1 was added to the culture medium with other cytokines as IFN gamma or TNF alpha . One of each cytokines were less effective as an inducer of nitrite than the combinations of cytokines. When mercury chloride or cinnamate was added in the culture medium, the nitrite synthesis was dose-dependently decreased by the concentration of these materials. The viability of EMT-6 cells were kept on 95% or above in 36 hours after beginning of culture without any specific additives except cytokines. While after 48 hours it went down to 85% or less. These viability were decreased by the prolongation of culture time (48 hours or more), the addition of TNF alpha to cytokine mixture, and the higher concentrations of mercury chloride or cinnamate to culture medium. Simultaneous addition of the equimolar dose of selenium completely prevented mercurial compounds-induced inhibitions of nitrite syntheses. But the single addition of selenium neither influenced the viability of cells nor the productions of nitrite. These results suggests that the disorder of cell mediated immunity by mercurial compounds could be related to the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis and selenium decreased the cytotoxicity of mercurial compounds.
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