Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Heon Kim

15 Articles

Urinary Hippuric Acid and trans,trans-Muconic Acid Levels According to Commuting Mode and Duration, Residential Environment, and Intake of Preservative-Added Foods and Beverages in University Students: Kyoung Mee Kim, Sang Yong Eom, Dong Hyuk Yim, Sun In Moon, Yong Dae Kim, Heon Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2012;24(1):61-71. Published online March 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2012.24.1.61

OBJECTIVES
Automobile exhaust gases contain benzene and toluene, which are excreted in human urine as trans,trans-muconic acid and hippuric acid, respectively. Sorbic acid and benzoic acid, used as food preservatives, are also metabolized into trans,trans-muconic acid and hippuric acid in the human body. The purpose of this study is to estimate the level of benzene and toluene exposure according to the commuting mode and duration, residential environment, and preservative-added foods intake in university students who are not occupationally exposed to benzene or toluene.
METHODS
Spot urine samples were collected from 211 university students who had no occupational exposure to volatile organic compounds. Information about their smoking history, residence type, traffic environments, commuting mode and duration, and their intake of bottled or canned food or beverages was gathered through a self-administered questionnaire. Urinary concentrations of trans,trans-muconic acid and hippuric acid were measured and statistically correlated to the individual's life style factors.
RESULTS
There was no significant difference in the urinary concentrations of trans,trans-muconic acid or hippuric acid according to the smoking history. Mean urinary concentration of hippuric acid in females was higher than that found in males. Subjects living in districts with a population density of 1,000~4,999 people/km2 showed the highest urinary hippuric acid level; individuals living in cities of 5,000~9,999 people/km2 population density were next. The mean urinary trans,trans-muconic acid concentration was higher in students who were living where traffic jams are common compared to those who did not, and in subjects whose residence were within 149 m from a 4-lane road compared to those whose residence was not. However, neither mode nor duration of the commute showed any effect on the urinary trans,trans-muconic acid or hippuric acid concentrations of the students. Urinary hippuric acid levels increased when consuming canned fruit or canned coffee, and urinary trans,trans-muconic acid levels increased when consuming fruit juices or pickled radishes.
CONCLUSIONS
The inhalation of vehicle exhaust and the ingestion of canned or pickled food may increase urinary hippuric acid and trans,trans-muconic acid levels in individuals who are not occupationally exposed to benzene or toluene.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparative Analysis of Heavy Metal Exposure Concentrations and Volatile Organic Compound Metabolites among Residents in the Affected Area According to Residential Distance from a Coal-fired Power Plant
Jee Hyun Rho, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Jung-Yeon Kwon, Hyunji Ju, Na-Young Kim, Hyoun Ju Lim, Seungho Lee, Byeng-Chul Yu, Suejin Kim, Young-Seoub Hong
Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2024; 50(1): 25. CrossRef
Association of Urinary Benzene Metabolite and the Ratio of Triglycerides to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2018–2020)
Seungju Baek, Eunjung Park, Eun Young Park
Toxics.2023; 11(12): 985. CrossRef
Concentration of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in ambient air and level of residents in industrial area
Kyungsook Woo, Heejin Park, Tackshin Kang, Geunbae Kim, Junmin Jeon, Bongki Jang, Jongwha Lee, Busoon Son
Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(1): 104. CrossRef

19 View
0 Download
3 Crossref

The Association between Trans, Trans-Muconic Acid as a Biomarker for Benzene Exposure and the Platelet Count: Young Sun Min, Kuck Hyun Woo, Jin Seok Kim, Jay Young Yoo, Kwan Lee, Hyun Sul Lim, Heon Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(2):95-101. Published online June 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.2.95

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVE: Recent researches suggest that trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) would be an adequate metabolic biomarker for low-level benzene exposure. Few study have investigated the association between the t,t-MA and platelet count, and this is the primary aim of this study.
METHODS
From May 2004 to June 2004, 326 chemical factory workers took part in a questionnaire survey and they underwent urinary t,t-MA and CBC assessment. The questionnaire covered general aspects of health and the occupational and smoking histories. Statistical analyses of outcomes were performed using SPSS 14.0 for Windows.
RESULTS
The subjects' urinary t,t-MA concentration (geometric mean and geometric standard deviation) was 0.28 mg/g creatinine (2.62). No significant differences between different occupations among the chemical workers were found. The urinary t,t-MA concentrations in the smokers and non-smokers were 0.32 mg/g creatinine (2.44) and 0.25 mg/g creatinine (2.77) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the platelet count based on occupation and the smoking history. There was significant correlation between log(platelet) and log(t,t-MA)(r=-0.116 p=0.039). The regression equation log(platelet) = -0.002xAge + [-0.029xlog(t,t-MA)] + 2.436, R2=0.032, was calculated from linear regression analysis with log(platelet) as the dependent variable. Cross-tabulation between 2 subgroups that were divided by the 90-percentile level of the t,t-MA (0.819 mg/g creatinine), and 2 subgroups that were divided by the 10-percentile level of the platelet count (175,000) was conducted. Higher distribution in subgroup with platelet count below 175,000 was demonstrated in the subgroup with a urinary t,t-MA above the 90-percentile, with an odds ratio of 3.01.
CONCLUSIONS
The study may be limited by not taking into account factors such as smoking quantity and sorbic acid, which may confound urinary the t,t-MA concentration as well as medication and infection that may affect the platelet count. Yet it is meaningful that the correlation between the urinary t,t-MA concentration and the platelet count was found through linear regression analysis and the chi-square test, and further, this outcome may be used as a basis for a study to establish the acceptable limit of urinary t,t-MA in Korea.

19 View
0 Download

Health Effect Assessment on Volunteers Involved in the Cleanup Operation Following the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill Along the Taean Coast, Korea: Chul Ho Lee, Kyung Hwa Park, Min Jung Lee, Wook Hee Choi, Heon Kim, Choong Hee Park, Dae Seon Kim, Seung Do Yu; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010;22(1):11-19. Published online March 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2010.22.1.11

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVE: The objetive of this study is to assess the level of oxidative stress by the exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in volunteers who cleaned up the crude oil spilled from the Hebei Spirit on the Coast of Taean County, Korea.
METHODS
The study subjects were 46 volunteers and 37 controls from the National Institute of Environmental Research. A self-administered questionnaire was used for volunteers to examine their working environment and health effects. Urinary concentrations of hippuric acid, 1-hydroxypyrene, and 2-naphthol were measured as exposure markers for VOCs and PAHs, and urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were measured as oxidative stress markers.
RESULTS
Sixty-four percent of the respondents presented a variety of symptoms, including sore eyes and throat, nausea, dizziness, headache, low back pain, and leg pain after participating in the cleanup operation. Urinary 2-naphthol and TBARS concentrations appeared higher in the volunteers. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that urinary TBARS and 8-OHdG levels were positively correlated with urinary 2-naphthol and 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations respectively, especially among the volunteers.
CONCLUSIONS
The result implies that participating in cleanup work of oil spills may have a possibility to induce oxidative damage by exposure to PAHs in crude oil.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Evaluation of performance of hybrid fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete using non-destructive testing techniques
Shailja Bawa, Pravez Alam, Shivam Saini
Innovative Infrastructure Solutions.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Survey of airborne organic compounds in residential communities near a natural gas compressor station: Response to community concern
Kaitlin A. Vollet Martin, Elizabeth Z. Lin, Timothy J. Hilbert, Krystal J. Godri Pollitt, Erin N. Haynes
Environmental Advances.2021; 5: 100076. CrossRef
Human health and ecological assessment programs for Hebei Spirit oil spill accident of 2007: Status, lessons, and future challenges
Dawoon Jung, Jung-Ah Kim, Myung-Sook Park, Un Hyuk Yim, Kyungho Choi
Chemosphere.2017; 173: 180. CrossRef
Health Effect Assessment on Cleanup Workers of an Oil Spill in Yeosu
Geunbae Kim, Tack Shin Kang, Mira Yoon, Hyejung Jo, Youngkyung Joo, Seung Do Yu, Bo Eun Lee
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2016; 42(6): 385. CrossRef
Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Participation in Clean-up Work at the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill
Ik-Jin Lee, Bong-Ki Jang, Jong-Wha Lee, Bu-Soon Son, Hae-Kwan Cheong, Mina Ha, Young-Hyun Choi, Myungsook Park
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2015; 41(5): 335. CrossRef
Changes of Eating Habits of the Residents of Taean, Korea after the Herbei Oil Spill Accident Based on Focus Group Interviews
Ji Hyun Park, Sung Ok Kwon, Woo Cheol Jeong, Jong Il Huh, Se-Young Oh
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2011; 16(4): 466. CrossRef

25 View
0 Download
6 Crossref

Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and ALDH2 on the Relationship between the Levels of Urinary 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine and t,t-Muconic Acid: Yong Dae Kim, Jong Won Kang, Sang Yong Eom, Yan Wei Zhang, Sung Hoon Kim, Eun Young Kim, Chul Ho Lee, Jai Dong Moon, Heon Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2007;19(2):164-170. Published online June 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.2.164

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to investigate the effect of genetic polymorphisms on the oxidative genetic damage caused by benzene exposure in workers.
METHODS
We measured urinary t,t-muconic acid levels as a biomarker for benzene exposure and measured the level of urinary 8-OHdG to assess oxidative DNA damage in benzene-exposed healthy male workers. Genetic polymorphisms of ALDH2 and CYP2E1 were determined by TaqMan assay. We estimated Pearson correlation coefficients between urinary t,t-muconic acid and 8-OHdG according to the genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and ALDH2.
RESULTS
There was a significant relationship between urinary t,t-muconic acid and 8-OHdG concentrations in overall subjects (R=0.532, p<0.001). Smokers showed a higher correlation coefficient between the markers than nonsmokers did (R=0.520 vs. 0.010). Individuals with CYP2E1 c1/c1 genotype also showed a higher correlation coefficient between them than those with CYP2E1 c1/c2 or c2/c2 genotypes (R=0.670 vs. -0.145). In multiple linear regression analysis including smoking status, sorbic acid intake, age and genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and ALDH2 as the independent variables, urinary t,t-muconic acid showed a significant association with urinary 8-OHdG.
CONCLUSIONS
There was a significant correlation between urinary 8-OHdG and urinary t,t-muconic acid in benzene-exposed workers. This relationship was affected by genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1and ALDH2.

22 View
0 Download

Urinary Cotinine Concentrations of Cases with Green Tobacco Sickness: Kwan Lee, Hyun Sul Lim, Heon Kim, Si Hyun Nam; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2004;16(4):413-421. Published online December 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.4.413

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was carried out to measure the urinary cotinine concentrations of Korean tobacco harvesters with green tobacco sickness (GTS).
METHODS
We conducted a questionnaire survey and measured the urinary cotinine concentrations among the cases who visited six health subcenters and the emergency room in the Health Center and County Hospital after harvesting tobacco leaves in Cheongsong-gun, from Jul 15 to Aug 15, 2002. Ten suspected GTS cases were compared to 10 controls matched for residence, age, and sex. Urinary cotinine was analyzed with a reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system and expressed as geometric mean and standard deviation. The data collected were evaluated using the SPSS/win statistical package and the urinary cotinine concentrations between the two groups were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS
In both the 10 cases and controls, there were 3 males and 7 females. Ages ranged from 22 to 70 years old. Half of the cases were reported within the 6 hours between 12:00 pm and 17:59 pm. The median time from starting work to initially feeling ill was 4.3 hours (min. 2.5; max. 11.0). The GTS symptoms reported were nausea in 10 cases (100.0%), dizziness in 9 (90.0%), weakness in 8 (80.0%), headache in 7 (70.0%) and other symptoms. The geometric mean of urinary cotinine concentrations was significantly higher (p<0.01) in cases at 497.6 +/- 2.5 ng/ml (min. 73.1; max. 2,574.3) than in controls at 32.7 +/- 1.8 ng/ml (min. 13.3; max. 76.9).
CONCLUSIONS
Our study suggests that many tobacco harvesters may suffer from GTS in Korea. Therefore, it is very important for doctors to diagnose exactly the GTS. Also we must develop the methods which can prevent GTS, and simple methods of analysis for urinary cotinine.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Green Tobacco Sickness Among Tobacco Harvesters in a Korean Village
Sung-Jun Park, Hyun-Sul Lim, Kwan Lee, Seok-Ju Yoo
Safety and Health at Work.2018; 9(1): 71. CrossRef
Nicotine Exposure in Green Tobacco Harvesters
Yun-Keun Lee, Won Kim, In-Ja Choi
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2010; 36(3): 208. CrossRef

26 View
0 Download
2 Crossref

Lung Cancer Occurring in a Worker Exposed to Coke Oven Emissions: Hyun Sul Lim, Jung Keun Choi, Eun Hye Kwon, Heon Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;14(1):97-106. Published online March 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2002.14.1.97

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
We report a case of lung cancer (small cell carcinoma) occurring in a worker exposed to coke oven emissions.
METHODS
We examined the chest CT and pathologic findings of the patient. We reviewed previous environmental measurements for coke oven emissions at the workers place of employment. Also we measured the airborne concentrations for coke oven emissions and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the work area. Finally, we analyzed the 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol concentrations in the subjects urine and compared this with student controls.
RESULTS
This case was a 56-year-old male who had worked in a coke oven plant within a steel manufacturing factory for 21 years (1977-1998). The airborne concentrations of coke oven emissions at the worksite were above the permissible exposure level (0.2 mg/m3) in 45 cases (33.1%) among 136 workers. The concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol in the subjects urine were statistically significantly elevated as compared with those of controls (P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
We confirmed that the lung cancer occurring in this patient was as an occupational disease due to exposure to coke oven emissions. To prevent occupational cancer in coke oven plant workers, we must remodel the engineering procedure, begin comprehensive medical surveillance, educate workers on risks and the benefits of smoking cessation, and increase awareness of safety regulations in the workplace.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Occupational Cancers with Chemical Exposure and their Prevention in Korea: A Literature Review
Kyung-Taek Rim
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2013; 14(6): 3379. CrossRef
Occupational Respiratory Cancer in Korea
Hye-Eun Lee, Hyoung Ryoul Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S94. CrossRef

31 View
1 Download
2 Crossref

Effects of occupation, life style and genetic polymorphism of CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol concentration: Heon Kim, Hyun Sul Lim, Jong Won Kang, Holik Lee, Yong Dae Kim, Hong Mei Nan, Chul Ho Lee; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1999;11(4):546-556. Published online December 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1999.11.4.546

Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to describe the distribution patterns of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and 2naphthol concentration in coke oven workers and workers not occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and to determine the effects of occupation life style, and genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), glutathione Stransferase mu 1 (GSTM1) and theta 1 (GSTT1) on urinary 1- OHP and 2-naphthol concentration.
METHODS
The study subjects were 19 coke oven workers and 156 shipyard workers. A questionnaire was used to obtain data about detailed smoking and food intake history. Urinary 1OHP and 2naphthol concentration and genetic polymorphism of CYPIA1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 were analyzed.
RESULTS
The urinary 1-OHP and 2-naphthol concentration was higher in the coke oven workers and in smokers. Urinary 1-OHP concentration was significantly correlated with time after last intake of roasted meat in non-smoking coke oven workers, whereas urinary 2-naphthol concentration was with amount of cigarette smoking at the sampling day in smoking shipyard workers. Urinary 1-OHP, but not 2-naphthol, concentration of the shipyard workers with Ile/Ile type of CYP1A1 vas significantly lower than that of the shipyard workers with other CYP1A1 genotype.
CONCLUSIONS
Urinary 1-OHP would be a better marker for occupational exposure to PAH in coke oven workers, and urinary 2naphthol might be better for non-occupational inhalation exposure to PAH. CYP1A1 would not play an important role in the metabolism of naphthalene but in the metabolism of pyrene.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

1-Hydroxypyrene and oxidative stress marker levels among painting workers and office workers at shipyard
Younglim Kho, Eun-Hee Lee, Hong Jae Chae, Kyungho Choi, Domyung Paek, Sangshin Park
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2015; 88(3): 297. CrossRef
A study of the status of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in relation to its metabolites among workers in a Korean chemical factory
Kwan Lee, Hyun-Sul Lim, Heon Kim
Ciência & Saúde Coletiva.2014; 19(12): 4809. CrossRef
1-Hydroxypyrene as a biomarker of PAH exposure among subjects living in two separate regions from a steel mill
Mi-Sun Lee, Ki-Do Eum, Kyung-Duk Zoh, Tak-Soo Kim, Yun-Suk Pak, Domyung Paek
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.2007; 80(8): 671. CrossRef

23 View
0 Download
3 Crossref

Induction of the c-fos in Rat Brain after Acute Carbon Monoxide Exposure: Soo Hoon Cho, Heon Kim, Ho Jang Kwon, Mi Na Ha; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1997;9(3):459-468. Published online October 31, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1997.9.3.459

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

17 View
0 Download

Development of Methods to Estimate Exposure Levels to Vinyl Chloride Monomer and Multiphasic Screening Tests for Workers of Polyvinyl Chloride Manufacturing Factories: Heon Kim, Youn Jeong Nam, Sung Taek Kim, Dae Young Kim, Sul Hui Han, Kuck Tae Park; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1994;6(2):201-218. Published online September 30, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1994.6.2.201

Abstract PDF: In order to develop questionnaire estimating vinyl chloride monomer(VCM) exposure levels, to reset selection criteria for detailed tests, to measure current VCM exposure levels, to evaluate the mutagenic effects of VCM exposures and to develop multiphasic screening method of PVC- or VCM-handling workers, VCM concentrations of work environments were measured and tentative self-administrative questionnaire, physical examination, sister chromatid exchange(SCE) test and some clinical chemical test were applied to 195 men who had been handling VCM or PVC(Exposed Group) and 37, in the same factories without exposure to VCM or in polyethylene- or polypropylene-related factories(Control Group). Mean VCM concentrations of work environments were 0.268+/-0.183 ppm under PVC synthesis processes, 0.160+/-0.200 ppm under VCM synthesis process, 0.076+/-0.111 ppm under PVC pipe producing processes, 0.090+/-0.108 ppm under PVC wall paper, sheet, or film producing processes, 0.071+/-0.051 ppm under PVC floor producing processes, 0.243+/-0.250 ppm under PVC sash producing processes, and 0.020+/-0.031 ppm under triming process. VCM levels of work environments under manual resin mixing processes (0.209+/-0.168 ppm)were higher than those of the others (0.209+/-0.168 ppm) (p-value<0.05). There was no VCM-related symptoms, the positive response rates of which were higher in the Exposed Group. Overall abnormal rate in clinical chemistry test of the Exposed Group was higher than that of the Control Group, but due to extermely low exposure level of exposure group and to small sample size of the Control Group, no statistical significance was found(p-value>0.05). SCE frequencies of the Exposed Group were significantly higher than those of Contorl Group(p-value<0.05) and those of test-abnormal persons were higher than those of test-normal persons. SCE frequencies linearly increased with not only current but also cumulative VCM exposure levels(p-value<0.05). These results suggest that adverse health effect may ensue from VCM exposure to as low as 1 ppm. But SCE frequencies had no statistically significant correlation with drinking amounts, smoking amoutns, or radiation dose equivalents. Questionnaire was revised by referring to these results and formula estimating cumulative VCM exposure levels based on occupational history in questionnaire were made. In addition, were presented methods evaluating work environments and multiphasic screening test for PVC workers.

19 View
0 Download

Blood carboxyhemoglobin levels and clinical symptoms of furnace-repairing workers: Heon Kim, Hyun Sul Lim, Soo Hun Cho, Dork Ro Yun; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1993;5(1):152-162. Published online February 28, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1993.5.1.152

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

21 View
0 Download

A study on the subjective symptoms of the workers exposed to chronic low dose organic solvents: Sun Min Kim, Soo Hun Cho, Hyun Sul Lim, Heon Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1993;5(1):104-113. Published online February 28, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1993.5.1.104

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Association between Exposure to Organic Solvents and Symptom of Headache and Eyestrain among Laundry Workers: Analysis of the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey Data
Hyun-Sun Jeong, Kyoung-Mu Lee
Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2023; 49(6): 372. CrossRef

25 View
0 Download
1 Crossref

A study on the status of management among workers diagnosed as hearing loss in an iron foundry: Hyun Sul Lim, Heon Kim, Hae Kwan Cheong; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1992;4(2):190-198. Published online October 31, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1992.4.2.190

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

For 5-years the Longitudinal Study on the Effect of Noise Exposure and Aging to the Changes of Hearing Threshold Level
Chang Ho Chae, Ja Hyun Kim, Jun Seok Son
Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene.2015; 25(4): 573. CrossRef
Occupational Hearing Loss in Korea
Kyoo Sang Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S62. CrossRef

26 View
0 Download
2 Crossref

Possibility of cadmium poisoning in a zinc galvanizing factory: Soo Hun Cho, Heon Kim, Sun Min Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1991;3(2):153-164. Published online November 30, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1991.3.2.153

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) Composition and Human Health Risk Assessment of PM10 on the Roadways of Industrial Complexes in South Korea
Jin-Young Choi, Hyeryeong Jeong, Kongtae Ra, Kyung-Tae Kim
Atmosphere.2021; 12(10): 1307. CrossRef
Occupational Diseases in Korea
Seong-Kyu Kang, Eun A Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(Suppl): S4. CrossRef
Carbon Disulfide Poisoning in Korea with Social and Historical Background
Eunil Lee, Soonduck Kim, Haejoon Kim, Kwangjong Kim, Yongtae Yum
Journal of Occupational Health.1996; 38(4): 155. CrossRef

14 View
0 Download
3 Crossref

Estimation of geometric means and reference values of normal tissuecadmium level among Koreans: Heon Kim, Soo Hun Cho; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1991;3(1):76-91. Published online February 28, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1991.3.1.76

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Pollutant levels in ambient air and blood in Korea
Chan-Seok Moon, Masayuki Ikeda
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine.1996; 1(1): 33. CrossRef

19 View
0 Download
1 Crossref

A Review of Health Effects of Relative Humidity in Office Building: Soo Hun Cho, Heon Kim; Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1990;2(2):123-133. Published online August 31, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.1990.2.2.123

Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparison of Moisture Absorption/Desorption Properties of Carbonized Boards Made from Wood-Based Panels
Min Lee, Sang-Bum Park, Sang-Min Lee
Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology.2016; 44(3): 424. CrossRef
Characteristics of Bioaerosol Generation of Household Humidifiers by User Practices
Ik-Hyeon Kim, Ki Youn Kim, Daekeun Kim
Korean Journal of Environmental Health Sciences.2012; 38(6): 503. CrossRef

19 View
0 Download
2 Crossref

Author index